The age of groundwater in the Lincolnshire Limestone, England and its relevance to the flow mechanism
R.A. Downing, D. B. Smith, F.J. Pearson, R.A. Monkhouse, R.L. Otlet
1977, Journal of Hydrology (33) 201-216
Groundwater samples from the Lincolnshire Limestone have been analysed for tritium, radiocarbon, and the stable-isotope ratios 13C12C">13C12C, 18O16O">18O16O and D/H. The age of the water increases in a downgradient direction below overlying confining deposits and reaches a maximum age greater than...
Discrimination of hydrothermal altered and unaltered rocks in visible and near infrared multispectral images
L. C. Rowan, Alexander F.H. Goetz, Roger P. Ashley
1977, Geophysics (42) 522-535
Mineralogical differences between altered rocks and most unaltered rocks in south-central Nevada cause visible and near-infrared (0.45 to 2.4 mu m) spectral-reflectance differences which can be used to discriminate these broad categories of rocks in multispectral images. The most important mineralogical differences are the increased abundance of goethite, hematite, and...
Mapping of hydrothermal alteration in the Cuprite mining district, Nevada, using aircraft scanner images for the spectral region 0.46 to 2.36µm
M. J. Adams, Roger P. Ashley, L. C. Rowan, Alexander F.H. Goetz, A.B. Kahle
1977, Geology (5) 713-718
Color composites of Landsat Multispectral Scanner ratio images that display variations in the intensity of ferric-iron absorption bands are highly effective for mapping limonitic altered rocks but are ineffective for mapping nonlimonitic altered rocks. Analysis of 0.45- to 2.5-µm field and laboratory spectra shows that iron-deficient opalized rocks in the...
Economic basis of resource information systems: The case of streamflow network design
Emil D. Attanasi, M.R. Karlinger
1977, Water Resources Research (13) 273-280
A general method for the economic design of natural resource information systems is presented for a certain class of natural phenomena. The system design is determined by the interaction of the technical input‐output relationship, i.e., the production function, the set of resource constraints, and an economic loss function defined in...
Pleistocene barrier bar seaward of ooid shoal complex near Miami, Florida
Robert B. Halley, Shinn Shinn, J. Harold Hudson, Barbara H. Lidz
1977, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (61) 519-526
An ooid sand barrier bar of Pleistocene age was deposited along the seaward side of an ooid shoal complex southwest of Miami, Florida. The bar is 35 km long, about 0.8 km wide, elongate parallel with the trend of the ooid shoal complex...
Mid-Atlantic coast osprey population: Present numbers, productivity, pollutant contamination, and status
Charles J. Henny, M. A. Byrd, J.A. Jacobs, P.D. McLain, M.R. Todd, B.F. Halla
1977, Journal of Wildlife Management (41) 254-265
An estimated 233 + 16 (95% C.I.) pairs of ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) nested in coastal New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia in 1975. The present populations were considerably smaller than those reported for selected locations at the turn of the century in these four states. The New Jersey population has...
Monitoring irrigated land acreage using Landsat imagery: An application example
William C. Draeger
1977, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the eleventh International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment
No abstract available....
Sterility among female lizards (Uta stansburiana) exposed to continuous gamma irradiation
F.B. Turner, P.A. Medica
1977, Radiation Research (70) 154-163
A natural population of the lizard Uta stansburiana occupying a fenced 9-ha area in southern Nevada was exposed to essentially continuous γ irradiation from an artificial source between February 1964 and September 1973. Tissue doses were estimated using implanted lithium fluoride microdosimeters. Females became sterile as early as 11 months...
Duck nesting in intensively farmed areas of North Dakota
K.F. Higgins
1977, Journal of Wildlife Management (41) 232-242
A study to determine the major factors limiting duck nesting and production on intensively farmed areas in eastern North Dakota was conducted from 1969 through 1974. A total of 186 duck nests was found during searches on 6,018 ha of upland. Nest density per km2 for 5 major habitat types...
Mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and selenium residues in fish, 1971-73--National Pesticide Monitoring Program.
D. F. Walsh, Bernard L. Berger, Jared R Bean
1977, Pesticides Monitoring Journal (11) 5-34
As part of the National Pesticide Monitoring Program, the Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of Interior, analyzed selected fish samples from 100 monitoring stations for residues of mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, or selenium in 1971-73. At most stations, detectable residues of all metals were present in more than 95...
Clay-mineral variability in the suspended sediments of the San Francisco Bay system, California
Harley J. Knebel, T. J. Conomos, J.A. Commeau
1977, Journal of Sedimentary Research (47) 229-236
Semiquantitative determinations of the clay-mineral composition have been made on nearly synoptic samples of surface suspended sediments collected seasonally throughout the San Francisco Bay system. The relative amounts of chlorite + kaolinite are generally highest in the northern reach of the system, whereas illite is dominant in the southern reach....
Phytoplankton distribution and primary productivity in Donner Lake, California
Alex E. Dong, Robert C. Averett
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 265-276
Donner Lake is an unenriched system in the Lake Tahoe basin of the Sierra Nevada of California. The lake has a surface area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 square kilometres) and a drainage area of 14 mi2 (36 km2). The maximum depth is about 200 feet (60 metres). Between May...
The quantitative determination of chlorophylls A and B from freshwater algae without interference from degradation products
W. Thomas Shoaf, Bruce W. Lium
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 263-264
Chlorophyll was efficiently extracted from freshwater algae with dimethyl sulfoxide. The extract was chromatographed on commercially available thin-layer cellulose sheets, 2 percent methanol and 98 percent petroleum ether being used as the solvent. Chlorophylls a and b, and phaeophytins a and b were cleanly separated from each other and other...
Geology and water-supply potential of the Anoka Sand Plain aquifer, Minnesota
J. O. Helgesen, G. F. Lindholm
1977, Technical Paper 6
Intensified land development on the Anoka sand plain necessitates a better understanding of the hydrogeology of the surficial outwash deposits of the area. The Anoka sand-plain aquifer consists of outwash attributable to two different ice lobes. Predominant grain size of the upper outwash decreases and sorting coefficient increases from west...
Possibility of triggering earthquakes by injection of radioactive wastes in shale at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tenn.
R. J. Sun
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 253-262
Most investigators generally agree that the conditions for producing earthquakes by fluid injection through wells and by reservoir construction are (1) the presence of an underlying rock that is stressed to the verge of fracturing by tectonic stresses and (or) is on the brink of sliding on pre-existing fault planes,...
Effects of dredged channels on trace-metal migration in an estuary
Charles W. Holmes
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 243-251
Determination of trace-metal levels in the sediments of the Matagorda Bay system revealed anomalously high mercury values. The distribution of the mercury-rich sediment deposits is the result of the sedimentological regime of the bay system produced by the tidal currents in the dredged channel. According to this model, the oxygenated...
Removal of fluorine and lithium from hectorite by solutions spanning a wide range of pH
Harry C. Starkey, Wayne Mountjoy, Johnnie M. Gardner
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 235-242
One-gram samples of hectorite were treated with 40 millilitres each of hydrochloric acid (6 N), acetic acid (4.5 N), distilled water, natural seawater, sodium chloride (0.6 N), and sodium hydroxide (2.5 N) for 10 days in stoppered plastic centrifuge tubes. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the structure was virtually destroyed...
Activity-product constants of brucite from 10 degrees to 90 degrees C
K.A. McGee, P. B. Hostetler
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 227-233
The activity-product constant of brucite, KB= [Mg2+][OH-]2 (where the brackets denote activities), was determined experimentally at 10°, 25°, 40°, 55°, 70°, and 90°C. The values obtained for -log KB are 10.89±0.16 (10°), 10.88±0.10 (25°), 10.90±0.10 (40°), 10.90±0.10 (55°), 10.99±0.14 (70°), and 11.10±0.14 (90°). Using National Bureau of Standards Technical Note...
Mercury in oil shale from the mahogany zone of the Green River formation, eastern Utah and western Colorado
John R. Donnell, Van E. Shaw
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 221-226
Mercury has been reported in concentrations as high as 4 parts per million from oil shale in the Green River Formation near the Federal oil-shale prototype lease-tracts U-a and U-b in eastern Utah. This high concentration of mercury if present throughout a minable zone, would be of concern in commercial...
Land use and land cover changes: A framework for monitoring
James R. Anderson
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 143-153
Information on the rate and kind of change in the use of land resources is essential to-the proper planning, management, and regulation of the use of such resources. Starting in 1975, the U.S. Geological Survey has been engaged in mapping and inventory of land use and land cover at a...
Blades of olivine in ultramafic rock from northern Sierra Nevada, California
Anna Hietanen
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 217-219
Blades of olivine in random arrangement crystallized in a small body of serpentine just north of the Grizzly pluton as a result of contact metamorphism. Interstitial minerals are talc, chlorite, and minor amount of cummingtonite....
Pleistocene fishes from Alameda County, California
Richard W. Casteel, David P. Adam
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 209-215
Six types of freshwater fishes were recovered from an early Pleistocene (Irvingtonian) locality on the east side of San Francisco Bay, Alameda County, Calif. The fauna includes one centrarchid, one salmonid, three cyprinids, and one catostomid. The fauna indicates fluvial and slow-moving or lacustrine aquatic environments. One of the...
Electrical soundings near Yellow Creek, Rio Blanco County, Colorado
David L. Campbell
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 193-205
Ten vertical electrical soundings were made in the Piceance Creek Basin in October 1974-5 along Yellow Creek, 2 in Big Duck Creek, and 1 each along Corral Gulch, on the hill in sec. 20, 1 kilometre northwest of 84 Ranch, and along the White River between the mouths of Yellow...
Geology and Rb-Sr age of Precambrian W Puritan Quartz Monzonite, northern Michigan
P.K. Sims, Zell E. Peterman, W. C. Prinz
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 185-192
The Puritan Quartz Monzonite, in the western part of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, composes a batholith at least 50 kilometres long and as much as 20 km wide on the south side of the Gogebic iron range. It is associated with subaqueous metavolcanic rocks assigned to the Precambrian W...
Metamorphic rocks of the Yakutat-St. Elias area, south-central Alaska
Travis Hudson, George Plafker, Donald L. Turner
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 173-184
Metamorphic rocks in the Yakutat-St. Elias area range in grade from zeolite to amphibolite facies. Radiometric age determinations on selected metamorphic rocks have helped to identify two major metamorphic events, one in Late Cretaceous time that was characterized by penetrative deformation, and one in the Miocene Epoch that resulted in...
