Changes in agricultural cropland areas between a water-surplus year and a water-deficit year impacting food security, determined using MODIS 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques, in the Krishna river basin (India)
Murali Krishna Gumma, Prasad S. Thenkabail, I.V. Muralikrishna, Naga Manohar Velpuri, P.T. Gangadhararao, V. Dheeravath, C.M. Biradar, S.A. Nalan, A. Gaur
2011, International Journal of Remote Sensing (32) 3495-3520
The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in cropland areas as a result of water availability using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques (SMTs). The study was conducted in the Krishna River basin in India, a very large river basin...
Probabilistic estimates of number of undiscovered deposits and their total tonnages in permissive tracts using deposit densities
Donald A. Singer, Ryoichi Kouda
2011, Natural Resources Research (20) 89-93
Empirical evidence indicates that processes affecting number and quantity of resources in geologic settings are very general across deposit types. Sizes of permissive tracts that geologically could contain the deposits are excellent predictors of numbers of deposits. In addition, total ore tonnage of mineral deposits of a particular type...
Terrestrial, benthic, and pelagic resource use in lakes: Results from a three-isotope Bayesian mixing model
C.T. Solomon, S.R. Carpenter, M.K. Clayton, J. J. Cole, J.J. Coloso, M. L. Pace, M. J. Vander Zanden, B.C. Weidel
2011, Ecology (92) 1115-1125
Fluxes of organic matter across habitat boundaries are common in food webs. These fluxes may strongly influence community dynamics, depending on the extent to which they are used by consumers. Yet understanding of basal resource use by consumers is limited, because describing trophic pathways in complex food webs is difficult....
Equilibrium shoreline response of a high wave energy beach
M.L. Yates, R.T. Guza, W. C. O’Reilly, J.E. Hansen, P.L. Barnard
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (116)
Four years of beach elevation surveys at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, California, are used to extend an existing equilibrium shoreline change model, previously calibrated with fine sand and moderate energy waves, to medium sand and higher-energy waves. The shoreline, characterized as the cross-shore location of the mean high water contour,...
Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data
M.K. Gumma, P.S. Thenkabail, F. Hideto, A. Nelson, V. Dheeravath, D. Busia, A. Rala
2011, Remote Sensing (3) 816-835
Maps of irrigated areas are essential for Ghana's agricultural development. The goal of this research was to map irrigated agricultural areas and explain methods and protocols using remote sensing. Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data and time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were used to map irrigated agricultural areas...
Economic impacts of the ShakeOut scenario
A. Rose, D. Wei, A. Wein
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 539-557
For the ShakeOut Earthquake Scenario, we estimate $68 billion in direct and indirect business interruption (BI) and $11 billion in related costs in addition to the $113 billion in property damage in an eight-county Southern California region. The modeled conduits of shock to the economy are property damage and lifeline...
High-frequency filtering of strong-motion records
J. Douglas, D.M. Boore
2011, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (9) 395-409
The influence of noise in strong-motion records is most problematic at low and high frequencies where the signal to noise ratio is commonly low compared to that in the mid-spectrum. The impact of low-frequency noise (<1 Hz) on strong-motion intensity parameters such as ground velocities, displacements and response spectral ordinates...
Evaluating the growth potential of sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) feeding on siscowet lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Superior
E.K. Moody, B.C. Weidel, T.D. Ahrenstorff, W.P. Mattes, J.F. Kitchell
2011, Journal of Great Lakes Research (37) 343-348
Differences in the preferred thermal habitat of Lake Superior lake trout morphotypes create alternative growth scenarios for parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) attached to lake trout hosts. Siscowet lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) inhabit deep, consistently cold water (4–6 °C) and are more abundant than lean lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) which...
Comparison of ground motions from hybrid simulations to nga prediction equations
L.M. Star, J.P. Stewart, R.W. Graves
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 331-350
We compare simulated motions for a Mw 7.8 rupture scenario on the San Andreas Fault known as the ShakeOut event, two permutations with different hypocenter locations, and a Mw 7.15 Puente Hills blind thrust scenario, to median and dispersion predictions from empirical NGA ground motion prediction equations. We find the...
Recovering from the ShakeOut earthquake
Anne Wein, Laurie Johnson, Richard Bernknopf
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 521-538
Recovery from an earthquake like the M7.8 ShakeOut Scenario will be a major endeavor taking many years to complete. Hundreds of Southern California municipalities will be affected; most lack recovery plans or previous disaster experience. To support recovery planning this paper 1) extends the regional ShakeOut Scenario analysis into the...
On the hydrologic adjustment of climate-model projections: The potential pitfall of potential evapotranspiration
P. C. D. Milly, K.A. Dunne
2011, Earth Interactions (15) 1-14
Hydrologic models often are applied to adjust projections of hydroclimatic change that come from climate models. Such adjustment includes climate-bias correction, spatial refinement ("downscaling"), and consideration of the roles of hydrologic processes that were neglected in the climate model. Described herein is a quantitative analysis of the effects of hydrologic...
Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections
Kenneth E. Bencala, M.N. Gooseff, Briant A. Kimball
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
Although surface water and groundwater are increasingly referred to as one resource, there remain environmental and ecosystem needs to study the 10 m to 1 km reach scale as one hydrologic system. Streams gain and lose water over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Large spatial scales (kilometers) have...
Radionuclides, trace elements, and radium residence in phosphogypsum of Jordan
R. A. Zielinski, M. S. Al-Hwaiti, J. R. Budahn, J. F. Ranville
2011, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (33) 149-165
Voluminous stockpiles of phosphogypsum (PG) generated during the wet process production of phosphoric acid are stored at many sites around the world and pose problems for their safe storage, disposal, or utilization. A major concern is the elevated concentration of long-lived 226Ra (half-life = 1,600 years) inherited from the processed...
A comparison of recharge rates in aquifers of the United States based on groundwater-age data
P.B. McMahon, Niel Plummer, J.K. Böhlke, S.D. Shapiro, S.R. Hinkle
2011, Hydrogeology Journal (19) 779-800
An overview is presented of existing groundwater-age data and their implications for assessing rates and timescales of recharge in selected unconfined aquifer systems of the United States. Apparent age distributions in aquifers determined from chlorofluorocarbon, sulfur hexafluoride, tritium/helium-3, and radiocarbon measurements from 565 wells in 45 networks were used to...
Reply to "Comment on 'A model of earthquake triggering probabilities and application to dynamic deformations constrained by ground motion observations' by Ross Stein"
J. Gomberg, K. Felzer
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
Comparison and analysis of empirical equations for soil heat flux for different cropping systems and irrigation methods
A. Irmak, Ramesh K. Singh, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, S.B. Verma, A.E. Suyker
2011, Transactions of the ASABE (54) 67-80
We evaluated the performance of four models for estimating soil heat flux density (G) in maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) fields under different irrigation methods (center-pivot irrigated fields at Mead, Nebraska, and subsurface drip irrigated field at Clay Center, Nebraska) and rainfed conditions at Mead. The...
Evidence for predatory control of the invasive round goby
C.P. Madenjian, M.A. Stapanian, L.D. Witzel, D.W. Einhouse, S.A. Pothoven, H.L. Whitford
2011, Biological Invasions (13) 987-1002
We coupled bioenergetics modeling with bottom trawl survey results to evaluate the capacity of piscivorous fish in eastern Lake Erie to exert predatory control of the invading population of round goby Neogobius melanostomus. In the offshore (>20 m deep) waters of eastern Lake Erie, burbot Lota lota is a native...
CO2 plume management in saline reservoir sequestration
S.M. Frailey, R.J. Finley
2011, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
A significant difference between injecting CO2 into saline aquifers for sequestration and injecting fluids into oil reservoirs or natural gas into aquifer storage reservoirs is the availability and use of other production and injection wells surrounding the primary injection well(s). Of major concern for CO2 sequestration using a single well...
Habitat use of nesting and brood-rearing King Rails in the Illinois and Upper Mississippi River Valleys
A.J. Darrah, D.G. Krementz
2011, Waterbirds (34) 160-167
Most studies of King Rail (Rallus elegans) have investigated habitat use during the nesting season, while few comparisons have been made between the nesting and brood-rearing seasons. King Rails were located during the nesting season in Missouri using repeated surveys with call playback, and systematic searches for broods were conducted...
Classifying the hydrologic function of prairie potholes with remote sensing and GIS
Jennifer R. Rover, C.K. Wright, Ned H. Euliss Jr., David M. Mushet, Bruce K. Wylie
2011, Wetlands (31) 319-327
A sequence of Landsat TM/ETM+ scenes capturing the substantial surface water variations exhibited by prairie pothole wetlands over a drought to deluge period were analyzed in an attempt to determine the general hydrologic function of individual wetlands (recharge, flow-through, and discharge). Multipixel objects (water bodies) were clustered according to their...
Widespread inclination shallowing in Permian and Triassic paleomagnetic data from Laurentia: Support from new paleomagnetic data from Middle Permian shallow intrusions in southern Illinois (USA) and virtual geomagnetic pole distributions
M. Domeier, R. Van Der Voo, F.B. Denny
2011, Tectonophysics (511) 38-52
Recent paleomagnetic work has highlighted a common and shallow inclination bias in continental redbeds. The Permian and Triassic paleomagnetic records from Laurentia are almost entirely derived from such sedimentary rocks, so a pervasive inclination error will expectedly bias the apparent polar wander path of Laurentia in a significant way. The...
Early Mesozoic paleogeography and tectonic evolution of the western United States: Insights from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, Blue Mountains Province, northeastern Oregon
Todd A. LaMaskin, J.D. Vervoort, R.J. Dorsey, J.E. Wright
2011, Geological Society of America Bulletin (123) 1939-1965
This study assesses early Mesozoic provenance linkages and paleogeographic-tectonic models for the western United States based on new petrographic and detrital zircon data from Triassic and Jurassic sandstones of the "Izee" and Olds Ferry terranes of the Blue Mountains Province, northeastern Oregon. Triassic sediments were likely derived from the Baker...
Factors driving spatial and temporal variation in production and production/biomass ratio of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Cantabrian streams
J. Lobon-Cervia, G. Gonzalez, P. Budy
2011, Freshwater Biology (56) 2272-2287
1.The objective was to identify the factors driving spatial and temporal variation in annual production (PA) and turnover (production/biomass) ratio (P/BA) of resident brown trout Salmo trutta in tributaries of the Rio Esva (Cantabrian Mountains, Asturias, north-western Spain). We examined annual production (total production of all age-classes over a year)...
Factors affecting stream nutrient loads: A synthesis of regional SPARROW model results for the continental United States
Stephen D. Preston, Richard B. Alexander, Gregory E. Schwarz, Charles G. Crawford
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 891-915
We compared the results of 12 recently calibrated regional SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) models covering most of the continental United States to evaluate the consistency and regional differences in factors affecting stream nutrient loads. The models – 6 for total nitrogen and 6 for total phosphorus –...
Remote sensing of soil moisture using airborne hyperspectral data
M. Finn, M. Lewis, D. Bosch, Mario Giraldo, K. Yamamoto, D. Sullivan, R. Kincaid, R. Luna, G. Allam, Craig Kvien, Murray Williams
2011, GIScience and Remote Sensing (48) 522-540
Landscape assessment of soil moisture is critical to understanding the hydrological cycle at the regional scale and in broad-scale studies of biophysical processes affected by global climate changes in temperature and precipitation. Traditional efforts to measure soil moisture have been principally restricted to in situ measurements, so remote sensing techniques...
