High-frequency filtering of strong-motion records
J. Douglas, D.M. Boore
2011, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (9) 395-409
The influence of noise in strong-motion records is most problematic at low and high frequencies where the signal to noise ratio is commonly low compared to that in the mid-spectrum. The impact of low-frequency noise (<1 Hz) on strong-motion intensity parameters such as ground velocities, displacements and response spectral ordinates...
A Bayesian network to predict coastal vulnerability to sea level rise
B.T. Gutierrez, N.G. Plant, E.R. Thieler
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (116)
Sea level rise during the 21st century will have a wide range of effects on coastal environments, human development, and infrastructure in coastal areas. The broad range of complex factors influencing coastal systems contributes to large uncertainties in predicting long-term sea level rise impacts. Here we explore and demonstrate the...
Predicting community responses to perturbations in the face of imperfect knowledge and network complexity
M. Novak, J.T. Wootton, D.F. Doak, M. Emmerson, J. A. Estes, M. T. Tinker
2011, Ecology (92) 836-846
How best to predict the effects of perturbations to ecological communities has been a long-standing goal for both applied and basic ecology. This quest has recently been revived by new empirical data, new analysis methods, and increased computing speed, with the promise that ecologically important insights may be obtainable from...
Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four Yucca moths
C.I. Smith, S. Tank, W. Godsoe, J. Levenick, Espen Strand, T. Esque, O. Pellmyr
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Comparative phylogeographic studies have had mixed success in identifying common phylogeographic patterns among co-distributed organisms. Whereas some have found broadly similar patterns across a diverse array of taxa, others have found that the histories of different species are more idiosyncratic than congruent. The variation in the results of comparative phylogeographic...
Frictional strengths of talc-serpentine and talc-quartz mixtures
Diane E. Moore, D.A. Lockner
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
Talc is a constituent of faults in a variety of settings, and it may be an effective weakening agent depending on its abundance and distribution within a fault. We conducted frictional strength experiments under hydrothermal conditions to determine the effect of talc on the strengths of synthetic gouges of lizardite...
Using a genetic mixture model to study phenotypic traits: Differential fecundity among Yukon river Chinook Salmon
Jeffrey F. Bromaghin, D.F. Evenson, T.H. McLain, Blair G. Flannery
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 235-249
Fecundity is a vital population characteristic that is directly linked to the productivity of fish populations. Historic data from Yukon River (Alaska) Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha suggest that length‐adjusted fecundity differs among populations within the drainage and either is temporally variable or has declined. Yukon River Chinook salmon have been harvested in...
San Andreas fault earthquake chronology and Lake Cahuilla history at Coachella, California
B. Philibosian, T. Fumal, R. Weldon
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 13-38
The southernmost ~100 km of the San Andreas fault has not ruptured historically. It is imperative to determine its rupture history to better predict its future behavior. This paleoseismic investigation in Coachella, California, establishes a chronology of at least five and up to seven major earthquakes during the past ~1100...
Late Holocene slip rate of the San Andreas fault and its accommodation by creep and moderate-magnitude earthquakes at Parkfield, California
N.A. Toke, J.R. Arrowsmith, Michael J. Rymer, A. Landgraf, D.E. Haddad, M. Busch, J. Coyan, A. Hannah
2011, Geology (39) 243-246
Investigation of a right-laterally offset channel at the Miller's Field paleoseismic site yields a late Holocene slip rate of 26.2 +6.4/−4.3 mm/yr (1σ) for the main trace of the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California. This is the first well-documented geologic slip rate between the Carrizo and creeping sections of...
Modeling PSInSAR time series without phase unwrapping
L. Zhang, X. Ding, Z. Lu
2011, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (49) 547-556
In this paper, we propose a least-squares-based method for multitemporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry that allows one to estimate deformations without the need of phase unwrapping. The method utilizes a series of multimaster wrapped differential interferograms with short baselines and focuses on arcs at which there are no phase ambiguities....
Improving national-scale invasion maps: Tamarisk in the western United States
Catherine S. Jarnevich, P. Evangelista, Thomas J. Stohlgren, Jeffrey T. Morisette
2011, Western North American Naturalist (71) 164-175
New invasions, better field data, and novel spatial-modeling techniques often drive the need to revisit previous maps and models of invasive species. Such is the case with the at least 10 species of Tamarix, which are invading riparian systems in the western United States and expanding their range throughout...
Quantifying home range habitat requirements for bobcats (Lynx rufus) in Vermont, USA
Therese Donovan, M. Freeman, H. Abouelezz, Kim Royar, A. Howard, R. Mickey
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 2799-2809
We demonstrate how home range and habitat use analysis can inform landscape-scale conservation planning for the bobcat, Lynx rufus, in Vermont USA. From 2005 to 2008, we outfitted fourteen bobcats with GPS collars that collected spatially explicit locations from individuals every 4 h for 3–4 months. Kernel home range techniques were used to...
Testing earthquake source inversion methodologies
M. Page, P.M. Mai, D. Schorlemmer
2011, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (92) 75-75
Source Inversion Validation Workshop; Palm Springs, California, 11-12 September 2010; Nowadays earthquake source inversions are routinely performed after large earthquakes and represent a key connection between recorded seismic and geodetic data and the complex rupture process at depth. The resulting earthquake source models quantify the spatiotemporal evolution of ruptures. They...
Evaluating the growth potential of sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) feeding on siscowet lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Superior
E.K. Moody, B.C. Weidel, T.D. Ahrenstorff, W.P. Mattes, J.F. Kitchell
2011, Journal of Great Lakes Research (37) 343-348
Differences in the preferred thermal habitat of Lake Superior lake trout morphotypes create alternative growth scenarios for parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) attached to lake trout hosts. Siscowet lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) inhabit deep, consistently cold water (4–6 °C) and are more abundant than lean lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) which...
2-D inner-shelf current observations from a single VHF WEllen RAdar (WERA) station
G. Voulgaris, N. Kumar, K.-W. Gurgel, John C. Warner, Jeffrey H. List
2011, Conference Paper, 2011 IEEE/OES/CWTM 10th working conference on current, waves and turbulence measurement, CWTM 2011
The majority of High Frequency (HF) radars used worldwide operate at medium to high frequencies (8 to 30 MHz) providing spatial resolutions ranging from 3 to 1.5 km and ranges from 150 to 50 km. This paper presents results from the deployment of a single Very High Frequency (VHF, 48...
Scaling earthquake ground motions for performance-based assessment of buildings
Y.-N. Huang, A.S. Whittaker, N. Luco, R.O. Hamburger
2011, Journal of Structural Engineering (137) 311-321
The impact of alternate ground-motion scaling procedures on the distribution of displacement responses in simplified structural systems is investigated. Recommendations are provided for selecting and scaling ground motions for performance-based assessment of buildings. Four scaling methods are studied, namely, (1) geometric-mean scaling of pairs of ground motions, (2) spectrum...
Sensitivity of leaf size and shape to climate: Global patterns and paleoclimatic applications
D.J. Peppe, D.L. Royer, B. Cariglino, S.Y. Oliver, S. Newman, E. Leight, G. Enikolopov, M. Fernandez-Burgos, F. Herrera, J.M. Adams, E. Correa, E.D. Currano, J.M. Erickson, L.F. Hinojosa, J.W. Hoganson, A. Iglesias, C.A. Jaramillo, K.R. Johnson, G.J. Jordan, N.J.B. Kraft, E.C. Lovelock, C.H. Lusk, U. Niinemets, J. Penuelas, G. Rapson, S.L. Wing, I.J. Wright
2011, New Phytologist (190) 724-739
Paleobotanists have long used models based on leaf size and shape to reconstruct paleoclimate. However, most models incorporate a single variable or use traits that are not physiologically or functionally linked to climate, limiting their predictive power. Further, they often underestimate paleotemperature relative to other proxies.Here we quantify leaf–climate correlations...
Allelopathic cover crop prior to seeding is more important than subsequent grazing/mowing in Grassland establishment
D.G. Milchunas, Mark W. Vandever, L.O. Ball, S. Hyberg
2011, Rangeland Ecology and Management (64) 291-300
The effects of grazing, mowing, and type of cover crop were evaluated in a previous winter wheat–fallow cropland seeded to grassland under the Conservation Reserve Program in eastern Colorado. Prior to seeding, the fallow strips were planted to forage sorghum or wheat in alternating strips (cover crops), with no grazing, moderate to...
Seismic hazard and risk assessments for Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, China, area
F. Xie, Z. Wang, J. Liu
2011, Pure and Applied Geophysics (168) 731-738
Seismic hazard and risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–Tangshan, China, area were estimated from 500-year intensity observations. First, we digitized the intensity observations (maps) using ArcGIS with a cell size of 0.1 × 0.1°. Second, we performed a statistical analysis on the digitized intensity data, determined an average b value (0.39), and derived the intensity–frequency relationship...
Potential increase in floods in California's Sierra Nevada under future climate projections
T. Das, M. D. Dettinger, D.R. Cayan, H.G. Hidalgo
2011, Climatic Change (109) 71-94
California’s mountainous topography, exposure to occasional heavily moisture-laden storm systems, and varied communities and infrastructures in low lying areas make it highly vulnerable to floods. An important question facing the state—in terms of protecting the public and formulating water management responses to climate change—is “how might future climate changes affect...
Shallow conduit system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, revealed by seismic signals associated with degassing bursts
Bernard Chouet, Phillip Dawson
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116) B12317
Eruptive activity at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, beginning in March, 2008 and continuing to the present time is characterized by episodic explosive bursts of gas and ash from a vent within Halemaumau Pit Crater. These bursts are accompanied by seismic signals that are well recorded by a broadband...
Compensatory effects of recruitment and survival when amphibian populations are perturbed by disease
E. Muths, R. D. Scherer, D. S. Pilliod
2011, Journal of Applied Ecology (48) 873-879
The need to increase our understanding of factors that regulate animal population dynamics has been catalysed by recent, observed declines in wildlife populations worldwide. Reliable estimates of demographic parameters are critical for addressing basic and applied ecological questions and understanding the response of parameters to perturbations (e.g. disease, habitat loss,...
A heuristic simulation model of Lake Ontario circulation and mass balance transport
J.E. McKenna Jr., M.A. Chalupnicki
2011, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (26) 123-132
The redistribution of suspended organisms and materials by large-scale currents is part of natural ecological processes in large aquatic systems but can contribute to ecosystem disruption when exotic elements are introduced into the system. Toxic compounds and planktonic organisms spend various lengths of time in suspension before settling to the...
Spatial modeling for groundwater arsenic levels in North Carolina
D. Kim, M.L. Miranda, J. Tootoo, P. Bradley, A.E. Gelfand
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 4824-4831
To examine environmental and geologic determinants of arsenic in groundwater, detailed geologic data were integrated with well water arsenic concentration data and well construction data for 471 private wells in Orange County, NC, via a geographic information system. For the statistical analysis, the geologic units were simplified into four generalized...
Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling
Robert A. Long, Therese M. Donovan, Paula MacKay, William J. Zielinski, Jeffrey S. Buzas
2011, Landscape Ecology (26) 327-340
Terrestrial carnivores typically have large home ranges and exist at low population densities, thus presenting challenges to wildlife researchers. We employed multiple, noninvasive survey methods—scat detection dogs, remote cameras, and hair snares—to collect detection–nondetection data for elusive American black bears (Ursus americanus), fishers (Martes pennanti), and bobcats (<i...
Whole-edifice ice volume change A.D. 1970 to 2007/2008 at Mount Rainier, Washington, based on LiDAR surveying
T. W. Sisson, J.E. Robinson, D.D. Swinney
2011, Geology (39) 639-642
Net changes in thickness and volume of glacial ice and perennial snow at Mount Rainier, Washington State, have been mapped over the entire edifice by differencing between a highresolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging) topographic survey of September-October 2007/2008 and the 10 m lateral resolution U.S. Geological Survey digital elevation...
