Management case study: Tampa Bay, Florida
Gerold Morrison, Holly Greening, Kimberly K. Yates
Eric Wolanski, Donald S. McLusky, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Management of Estuaries and Coasts
Tampa Bay, Florida, USA, is a shallow, subtropical estuary that experienced severe cultural eutrophication between the 1940s and 1980s, a period when the human population of its watershed quadrupled. In response, citizen action led to the formation of a public- and private-sector partnership (the Tampa Bay Estuary Program), which...
Simulating effects of microtopography on wetland specific yield and hydroperiod
David M. Summer
Xixi Wang, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Modeling hydrologic effects of microtopographic features
Specific yield and hydroperiod have proven to be useful parameters in hydrologic analysis of wetlands. Specific yield is a critical parameter to quantitatively relate hydrologic fluxes (e.g., rainfall, evapotranspiration, and runoff) and water level changes. Hydroperiod measures the temporal variability and frequency of land-surface inundation. Conventionally, hydrologic analyses used these...
Waste isolation and contaminant migration - Tools and techniques for monitoring the saturated zone-unsaturated zone-plant-atmosphere continuum
Brian J. Andraski, David A. Stonestrom
T.J. Nicholson, H.D. Arlt, editor(s)
2011, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the workshop on engineered barrier performance related to low-level radioactive waste, decommissioning, and uranium mill tailings facilities (NUREG/CP-0195)
In 1976 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began studies of unsaturated zone hydrology next to the Nation’s first commercial disposal facility for low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) near Beatty, NV. Recognizing the need for long-term data collection, the USGS in 1983 established research management areas in the vicinity of the waste-burial...
Responses of wind erosion to climate-induced vegetation changes on the Colorado Plateau
Seth M. Munson, Jayne Belnap, Gregory S. Okin
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (108) 3854-3859
Projected increases in aridity throughout the southwestern United States due to anthropogenic climate change will likely cause reductions in perennial vegetation cover, which leaves soil surfaces exposed to erosion. Accelerated rates of dust emission from wind erosion have large implications for ecosystems and human well-being, yet there is poor understanding...
Wilcox group (Paleocene to Eocene) coals of the Sabine Uplift area, Texas and Louisiana
Robert W. Hook, Peter D. Warwick, John R. SanFilipo
Peter D. Warwick, Alexander K. Karlsen, Matthew D. Merrill, Brett J. Valentine, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Geologic assessment of coal in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain
The Wilcox Group (Paleocene to Eocene) of the Sabine uplift, a structural arch in northeastern Texas and northwestern Louisiana (Figure 1), has lignite zones that approach subbituminous rank (see Chapter 4, this publication). These coals are among the highest quality resources known within the Gulf Coastal Plain because of their...
Fire-related plant traits
Jon E. Keeley, William J. Bond, Ross A. Bradstock, Juli G. Pausas, Philip W. Rundel
2011, Book chapter, Fire in Mediterranean ecosystems: Ecology, evolution and management
As illustrated in Fig. 2.1 there are four environmental parameters that are necessary to determine the distribution of fire-prone ecosystems. However, they are insufficient to predict ecosystem responses to fire without a detailed understanding of the fire regime (see Fig. 2.7). Different fire regimes have very different potentials for recovery...
Hydrogeology of the Hawaiian islands
Stephen B. Gingerich, Delwyn S. Oki
Maria del Carmen Cabrera, Luis Javier Lamban, Margarida Valverde, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Cuatro décadas de investigación y formación en aguas subterráneas: Libro homenaje al profesor Emilio Custodio
Volcanic-rock aquifers are the most extensive and productive aquifers in the Hawaiian Islands. These aquifers contain different types of groundwater systems depending on the geologic setting in which they occur. The most common groundwater systems include coastal freshwater-lens systems in the dike-free flanks of the volcanoes and dike-impounded systems within...
Fire-adaptive trait evolution
Jon E. Keeley, William J. Bond, Ross A. Bradstock, Juli G. Pausas, Philip W. Rundel
2011, Book chapter, Fire in Mediterranean ecosystems: Ecology, evolution and management
Until relatively recently the importance of fire and the origin of fire-adaptive traits have received minimal attention from paleoecologists, and appreciation of this importance has varied across the different mediterranean-type climate (MTC) ecosystems. For example, Axelrod (1973) and Raven & Axelrod (1978) wrote extensive treatises on the origins of the...
Wave-current interaction in Willapa Bay
Maitane Olabarrieta, John C. Warner, Nirnimesh Kumar
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (116)
This paper describes the importance of wave-current interaction in an inlet-estuary system. The three-dimensional, fully coupled, Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system was applied in Willapa Bay (Washington State) from 22 to 29 October 1998 that included a large storm event. To represent the interaction between waves and currents, the...
Effects of model layer simplification using composite hydraulic properties
Eve L. Kuniansky, Nicasio Sepulveda
Lakshmanan Elango, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Hydraulic conductivity: Issues, determination and applications
Groundwater provides much of the fresh drinking water to more than 1.5 billion people in the world (Clarke et al., 1996) and in the United States more that 50 percent of citizens rely on groundwater for drinking water (Solley et al., 1998). As aquifer systems are developed for water supply,...
Genetic diversity and demographic instability in Riftia pachyptila tubeworms from eastern Pacific hydrothermal vents
Dolly Coykendall, S.B. Johnson, S.A. Karl, R.A. Lutz, R.C. Vrijenhoek
2011, BMC Evolutionary Biology (11)
Deep-sea hydrothermal vent animals occupy patchy and ephemeral habitats supported by chemosynthetic primary production. Volcanic and tectonic activities controlling the turnover of these habitats contribute to demographic instability that erodes genetic variation within and among colonies of these animals. We examined DNA sequences from one mitochondrial and three nuclear gene...
Relationship of external fish condition to pathogen prevalence and out-migration survival in juvenile steelhead
Nathan J. Hostetter, A.F. Evans, Daniel D. Roby, K. Collis, M. Hawbecker, B.P. Sandford, D.E. Thompson, F.J. Loge
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 1158-1171
Understanding how the external condition of juvenile salmonids is associated with internal measures of health and subsequent out‐migration survival can be valuable for population monitoring programs. This study investigated the use of a rapid, nonlethal, external examination to assess the condition of run‐of‐the‐river juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss migrating from the Snake River...
Modeling sulfate reduction in methane hydrate-bearing continental margin sediments: Does a sulfate-methane transition require anaerobic oxidation of methane?
A. Malinverno, John W. Pohlman
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
The sulfate‐methane transition (SMT), a biogeochemical zone where sulfate and methane are metabolized, is commonly observed at shallow depths (1–30 mbsf) in methane‐bearing marine sediments. Two processes consume sulfate at and above the SMT, anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) and organoclastic sulfate reduction (OSR). Differentiating the relative contribution of each...
Effects of temperature changes on maize production in Mozambique
L. Harrison, J. Michaelsen, Chris Funk, G. Husak
2011, Climate Research (46) 211-222
We examined intraseasonal changes in maize phenology and heat stress exposure over the 1979-2008 period, using Mozambique meteorological station data and maize growth requirements in a growing degree-day model. Identifying historical effects of warming on maize growth is particularly important in Mozambique because national food security is highly dependent on...
Exploring the sensitivity of soil carbon dynamics to climate change, fire disturbance and permafrost thaw in a black spruce ecosystem
J. A. O'Donnell, Jennifer W. Harden, A. David McGuire, V.E. Romanovsky
2011, Biogeosciences (8) 1367-1382
In the boreal region, soil organic carbon (OC) dynamics are strongly governed by the interaction between wildfire and permafrost. Using a combination of field measurements, numerical modeling of soil thermal dynamics, and mass-balance modeling of OC dynamics, we tested the sensitivity of soil OC storage to a suite of individual...
From intuition to statistics in building subsurface structural models
J.P. Brandenburg, F.O. Alpak, S. Naruk, J. Solum
2011, World Oil (232) 97-101
Experts associated with the oil and gas exploration industry suggest that combining forward trishear models with stochastic global optimization algorithms allows a quantitative assessment of the uncertainty associated with a given structural model. The methodology is applied to incompletely imaged structures related to deepwater hydrocarbon reservoirs and results are compared...
Multilevel regression models describing regional patterns of invertebrate and algal responses to urbanization across the USA
T. F. Cuffney, R. Kashuba, S.S. Qian, I. Alameddine, Y.K. Cha, B. Lee, J.F. Coles, G. McMahon
2011, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (30) 797-819
Multilevel hierarchical regression was used to examine regional patterns in the responses of benthic macroinvertebrates and algae to urbanization across 9 metropolitan areas of the conterminous USA. Linear regressions established that responses (intercepts and slopes) to urbanization of invertebrates and algae varied among metropolitan areas. Multilevel hierarchical regression models were...
Characterization of the Cretaceous aquifer structure of the Meskala region of the Essaouira Basin, Morocco
L. Hanich, L. Zouhri, J. Dinger
2011, Journal of African Earth Sciences (59) 313-322
The aquifer of early Cretaceous age in the Meskala region of the Essaouira Basin is defined by interpretation of geological drilling data of oil and hydrogeological wells, field measurement and analysis of in situ fracture orientations, and the application of a morphostructural method to identify lineaments. These analyzes are used...
Nutrient sources and transport in the Missouri River Basin, with emphasis on the effects of irrigation and reservoirs
J.B. Brown, L.A. Sprague, J.A. Dupree
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 1034-1060
SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were used to relate instream nutrient loads to sources and factors influencing the transport of nutrients in the Missouri River Basin. Agricultural inputs from fertilizer and manure were the largest nutrient sources throughout a large part of the basin, although atmospheric and...
Dust: Small-scale processes with global consequences
G. S. Okin, J. E. Bullard, Richard L. Reynolds, J. #NAME? Ballantine, K. Schepanski, M. C. Todd, Jayne Belnap, M. C. Baddock, T. E. Gill, M. E. Miller
2011, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (92) 241-242
Desert dust, both modern and ancient, is a critical component of the Earth system. Atmospheric dust has important effects on climate by changing the atmospheric radiation budget, while deposited dust influences biogeochemical cycles in the oceans and on land. Dust deposited on snow and ice decreases its albedo, allowing more...
Complex mean circulation over the inner shelf south of Martha's Vineyard revealed by observations and a high-resolution model
Neil K. Ganju, Steven J. Lentz, Anthony R. Kirincich, J. Thomas Farrar
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (116)
Inner-shelf circulation is governed by the interaction between tides, baroclinic forcing, winds, waves, and frictional losses; the mean circulation ultimately governs exchange between the coast and ocean. In some cases, oscillatory tidal currents interact with bathymetric features to generate a tidally rectified flow. Recent observational and modeling efforts in an...
Biogeochemistry of a temperate forest nitrogen gradient
Steven S. Perakis, Emily R. Sinkhorn
2011, Ecology (92) 1481-1491
Wide natural gradients of soil nitrogen (N) can be used to examine fundamental relationships between plant–soil–microbial N cycling and hydrologic N loss, and to test N-saturation theory as a general framework for understanding ecosystem N dynamics. We characterized plant production, N uptake and return in litterfall, soil gross and net...
The significance of turbulent flow representation in single-continuum models
Thomas Reimann, C. Rehrl, W.B. Shoemaker, T. Geyer, S. Birk
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
Karst aquifers exhibit highly conductive features caused from rock dissolution processes. Flow within these structures can become turbulent and therefore can be expressed by nonlinear gradient functions. One way to account for these effects is by coupling a continuum model with a conduit network. Alternatively, turbulent flow can be considered...
Management intensity alters decomposition via biological pathways
Kyle Wickings, A. Stuart Grandy, Sasha Reed, Cory Cleveland
2011, Biogeochemistry (104) 365-379
Current conceptual models predict that changes in plant litter chemistry during decomposition are primarily regulated by both initial litter chemistry and the stage-or extent-of mass loss. Far less is known about how variations in decomposer community structure (e.g., resulting from different ecosystem management types) could influence litter chemistry during decomposition....
Use of the superpopulation approach to estimate breeding population size: An example in asynchronously breeding birds
K.A. Williams, P. C. Frederick, James D. Nichols
2011, Ecology (92) 821-828
Many populations of animals are fluid in both space and time, making estimation of numbers difficult. Much attention has been devoted to estimation of bias in detection of animals that are present at the time of survey. However, an equally important problem is estimation of population size when all animals...
