Postimpact heat conduction and compaction-driven fluid flow in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure based on downhole vitrinite reflectance data, ICDP-USGS Eyreville deep core holes and Cape Charles test holes
M.L. Malinconico, W. E. Sanford, Horton W.J.J. Wright Jr.
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 905-930
Vitrinite reflectance data from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP)-U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Eyreville deep cores in the centralcrater moat of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure and the Cape Charles test holes on the central uplift show patterns of postimpact maximum-temperature distribution that result from a combination of conductive...
A method to assess longitudinal riverine connectivity in tropical streams dominated by migratory biota
K.E. Crook, C. M. Pringle, Mary C. Freeman
2009, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (19) 714-723
1. One way in which dams affect ecosystem function is by altering the distribution and abundance of aquatic species. 2. Previous studies indicate that migratory shrimps have significant effects on ecosystem processes in Puerto Rican streams, but are vulnerable to impediments to upstream or downstream passage, such as dams and...
Evidence for an Alleghanian (Early Carboniferous to Late Permian) tectonothermal event in the New Jersey Coastal Plain basement from 40Ar/39Ar biotite data, geochemistry and gravity modeling
T.J. Maguire, R.A. Volkert, C. C. Swisher III, R. E. Sheridan
2009, Journal of Geodynamics (48) 23-36
40Ar/39Ar dating of biotite from felsic orthogneiss recovered from the -3890-foot level of the Island Beach State Park (IBSP) well beneath the outer New Jersey Coastal Plain was accomplished using CO2 laser incremental-heating techniques. Over 75% of the Ar released from the incremental-heating experiment form a well-behaved plateau with a...
Rapid middle Miocene collapse of the Mesozoic orogenic plateau in north-central Nevada
Joseph P. Colgan, Christopher D. Henry
2009, International Geology Review (51) 920-961
The modern Sierra Nevada and Great Basin were likely the site of a high-elevation orogenic plateau well into Cenozoic time, supported by crust thickened during Mesozoic shortening. Although crustal thickening at this scale can lead to extension, the relationship between Mesozoic shortening and subsequent formation of the Basin and Range...
Patterns and determinants of mammal species occurrence in India
K.K. Karanth, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines, K. U. Karanth, N.L. Christensen
2009, Journal of Applied Ecology (46) 1189-1200
Many Indian mammals face range contraction and extinction, but assessments of their population status are hindered by the lack of reliable distribution data and range maps. 2. We estimated the current geographical ranges of 20 species of large mammals by applying occupancy models to data from country-wide expert. We modelled...
Weathering of the New Albany Shale, Kentucky: II. Redistribution of minor and trace elements
M.L.W. Tuttle, G. N. Breit, M. B. Goldhaber
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1565-1578
During weathering, elements enriched in black shale are dispersed in the environment by aqueous and mechanical transport. Here a unique evaluation of the differential release, transport, and fate of Fe and 15 trace elements during progressive weathering of the Devonian New Albany Shale in Kentucky is presented. Results of chemical...
Environmental correlates of breeding in the Crested Caracara (Caracara cheriway)
J. L. Morrison, Kyle E. Pias, J.B. Cohen, D.H. Catlin
2009, The Auk (126) 755-764
We evaluated the influence of weather on reproduction of the Crested Caracara (Caracara cheriway) in an agricultural landscape in south-central Florida. We used a mixed logistic-regression modeling approach within an information-theoretic framework to examine the influence of total rainfall, rainfall frequency, and temperature on the number of breeding pairs, timing...
The moon as a radiometric reference source for on-orbit sensor stability calibration
T.C. Stone
2009, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
The wealth of data generated by the world's Earth-observing satellites, now spanning decades, allows the construction of long-term climate records. A key consideration for detecting climate trends is precise quantification of temporal changes in sensor calibration on-orbit. For radiometer instruments in the solar reflectance wavelength range (near-UV to shortwave-IR), the...
Impact of land use and land cover change on the water balance of a large agricultural watershed: Historical effects and future directions
Keith E. Schilling, Manoj K. Jha, You-Kuan Zhang, Philip W. Gassman, Calvin F. Wolter
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Over the last century, land use and land cover (LULC) in the United States Corn Belt region shifted from mixed perennial and annual cropping systems to primarily annual crops. Historical LULC change impacted the annual water balance in many Midwestern basins by decreasing annual evapotranspiration (ET) and increasing streamflow and...
Influence of flow variability on floodplain formation and destruction, Little Missouri River, North Dakota
J.R. Miller, Jonathan M. Friedman
2009, Geological Society of America Bulletin (121) 752-759
Resolving observations of channel change into separate planimetric measurements of floodplain formation and destruction reveals distinct relations between these processes and the flow regime. We analyzed a time sequence of eight bottomland images from 1939 to 2003 along the Little Missouri River, North Dakota, to relate geomorphic floodplain change to...
Structured decision making as a conceptual framework to identify thresholds for conservation and management
J. Martin, M.C. Runge, J.D. Nichols, B. C. Lubow, W. L. Kendall
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1079-1090
Thresholds and their relevance to conservation have become a major topic of discussion in the ecological literature. Unfortunately, in many cases the lack of a clear conceptual framework for thinking about thresholds may have led to confusion in attempts to apply the concept of thresholds to conservation decisions. Here, we...
Evaluation of acute copper toxicity to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, lampsilis siliquoidea) in natural and reconstituted waters
N. Wang, C.A. Mebane, J.L. Kunz, C.G. Ingersoll, T.W. May, W.R. Arnold, R.C. Santore, T. Augspurger, F.J. Dwyer, M.C. Barniiart
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 2367-2377
The influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and water composition on the toxicity of copper to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) were evaluated in natural and reconstituted waters. Acute 96‐h copper toxicity tests were conducted at four nominal DOC concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L...
An evaluation of sex-age-kill (SAK) model performance
Joshua J. Millspaugh, John R. Skalski, Richard L. Townsend, Duane R. Diefenbach, Mark S. Boyce, Lonnie P. Hansen, Kent Kammermeyer
2009, Journal of Wildlife Management (73) 442-451
The sex-age-kill (SAK) model is widely used to estimate abundance of harvested large mammals, including white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Despite a long history of use, few formal evaluations of SAK performance exist. We investigated how violations of the stable age distribution and stationary population assumption, changes to male or female...
Analysis of lidar elevation data for improved identification and delineation of lands vulnerable to sea-level rise
Dean B. Gesch
2009, Journal of Coastal Research (Special Issue 53) 49-58
The importance of sea-level rise in shaping coastal landscapes is well recognized within the earth science community, but as with many natural hazards, communicating the risks associated with sea-level rise remains a challenge. Topography is a key parameter that influences many of the processes involved in coastal change, and thus,...
Nutrient dynamics in the lower Mississippi river floodplain: Comparing present and historic hydrologic conditions
H.L. Schramm Jr., M.S. Cox, T.E. Tietjen, A.W. Ezell
2009, Wetlands (29) 476-487
Alterations to the lower Mississippi River-floodplain ecosystem to facilitate commercial navigation and to reduce flooding of agricultural lands and communities in the historic floodplain have changed the hydrologic regime. As a result, the flood pulse usually has a lower water level, is of shorter duration, has colder water temperatures, and...
Elevated CO2 enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise
J. A. Cherry, K.L. McKee, J.B. Grace
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 67-77
1. Sea-level rise, one indirect consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2, poses a major challenge to long-term stability of coastal wetlands. An important question is whether direct effects of elevated CO 2 on the capacity of marsh plants to accrete organic material and to maintain surface elevations outweigh indirect negative effects...
Dynamics of national forests assessed using the Landsat record: Case studies in eastern United States
C. Huang, S.N. Goward, K. Schleeweis, N. Thomas, J. G. Masek, Z. Zhu
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 1430-1442
The national forests (NFs) in the United States are protected areas managed for multiple purposes, and therefore are subject to both natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Monitoring forest changes arising from such disturbances and the post-disturbance recovery processes is essential for assessing the conditions of the NFs and the effectiveness...
Transport of viruses through saturated and unsaturated columns packed with sand
R. Anders, C.V. Chrysikopoulos
2009, Transport in Porous Media (76) 121-138
Laboratory-scale virus transport experiments were conducted in columns packed with sand under saturated and unsaturated conditions. The viruses employed were the male-specific RNA coliphage, MS2, and the Salmonella typhimurium phage, PRD1. The mathematical model developed by Sim and Chrysikopoulos (Water Resour Res 36:173–179, 2000) that accounts for processes responsible for...
Sulfur geochemistry of hydrothermal waters in Yellowstone National Park: IV Acid-sulfate waters
D. Kirk Nordstrom, R. Blaine McCleskey, J.W. Ball
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 191-207
Many waters sampled in Yellowstone National Park, both high-temperature (30-94 ??C) and low-temperature (0-30 ??C), are acid-sulfate type with pH values of 1-5. Sulfuric acid is the dominant component, especially as pH values decrease below 3, and it forms from the oxidation of elemental S whose origin is H2S in...
THEMIS high-resolution digital terrain: Topographic and thermophysical mapping of Gusev Crater, Mars
G.E. Cushing, T.N. Titus, L.A. Soderblom, R. L. Kirk
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
We discuss a new technique to generate high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) and to quantitatively derive and map slope-corrected thermophysical properties such as albedo, thermal inertia, and surface temperatures. This investigation is a continuation of work started by Kirk et al. (2005), who empirically deconvolved Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS)...
Co-seismic ruptures of the 12 May 2008, Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan: East-west crustal shortening on oblique, parallel thrusts along the eastern edge of Tibet
J. Liu-Zeng, Z. Zhang, L. Wen, P. Tapponnier, Jielun Sun, X. Xing, G. Hu, Q. Xu, L. Zeng, L. Ding, C. Ji, K.W. Hudnut, J. van der Woerd
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (286) 355-370
The Ms 8.0, Wenchuan earthquake, which devastated the mountainous western rim of the Sichuan basin in central China, produced a surface rupture over 200??km-long with oblique thrust/dextral slip and maximum scarp heights of ~ 10??m. It thus ranks as one of the world's largest continental mega-thrust events in the last...
Comparison of alternative representations of hydraulic-conductivity anisotropy in folded fractured-sedimentary rock: Modeling groundwater flow in the Shenandoah Valley (USA)
R. M. Yager, C.I. Voss, S. Southworth
2009, Hydrogeology Journal (17) 1111-1131
A numerical representation that explicitly represents the generalized three-dimensional anisotropy of folded fractured-sedimentary rocks in a groundwater model best reproduces the salient features of the flow system in the Shenandoah Valley, USA. This conclusion results from a comparison of four alternative representations of anisotropy in which the hydraulic-conductivity tensor...
Polar organic compounds in pore waters of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Eyreville core hole: Character of the dissolved organic carbon and comparison with drilling fluids
Colleen E. Rostad, Ward E. Sanford
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (458) 891-903
Pore waters from the Chesapeake Bay impact structure cores recovered at Eyreville Farm, Northampton County, Virginia, were analyzed to characterize the dissolved organic carbon. After squeezing or centrifuging, a small volume of pore water, 100 μL, was taken for analysis by electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry. Pore-water samples were analyzed directly without...
Does sulphate enrichment promote the expansion of Typha domingensis (cattail) in the Florida Everglades?
S. Li, I.A. Mendelssohn, Chen Hao, W. H. Orem
2009, Freshwater Biology (54) 1909-1923
1. The expansion of Typha domingensis into areas once dominated by Cladium jamaicense in the Florida Everglades has been attributed to altered hydrology and phosphorus enrichment, although increased concentrations of sulphate and phosphorus often coincide. The potential importance of hydrogen sulphide produced from sulphate in the expansion of Typha has...
A constant stress-drop model for producing broadband synthetic seismograms: Comparison with the next generation attenuation relations
A. Frankel
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 664-680
Broadband (0.1-20 Hz) synthetic seismograms for finite-fault sources were produced for a model where stress drop is constant with seismic moment to see if they can match the magnitude dependence and distance decay of response spectral amplitudes found in the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) relations recently developed from strong-motion data...
