A habitat assessment for Florida panther population expansion into central Florida
C.A. Thatcher, F.T. Van Manen, J. D. Clark
2009, Journal of Mammalogy (90) 918-925
One of the goals of the Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) recovery plan is to expand panther range north of the Caloosahatchee River in central Florida. Our objective was to evaluate the potential of that region to support panthers. We used a geographic information system and the Mahalanobis distance statistic...
A prototype feature system for feature retrieval using relationships
J. Choi, E.L. Usery
2009, Cartography and Geographic Information Science (36) 331-345
Using a feature data model, geographic phenomena can be represented effectively by integrating space, theme, and time. This paper extends and implements a feature data model that supports query and visualization of geographic features using their non-spatial and temporal relationships. A prototype feature-oriented geographic information system (FOGIS) is then developed...
Monitoring benthic aIgal communides: A comparison of targeted and coefficient sampling methods
Matthew S. Edwards, M. Tim Tinker
2009, Algae (24) 111-120
Choosing an appropriate sample unit is a fundamental decision in the design of ecological studies. While numerous methods have been developed to estimate organism abundance, they differ in cost, accuracy and precision.Using both field data and computer simulation modeling, we evaluated the costs and benefits associated with two methods commonly...
A spatial model of bird abundance as adjusted for detection probability
P. M. Gorresen, G.P. Mcmillan, R.J. Camp, T.K. Pratt
2009, Ecography (32) 291-298
Modeling the spatial distribution of animals can be complicated by spatial and temporal effects (i.e. spatial autocorrelation and trends in abundance over time) and other factors such as imperfect detection probabilities and observation-related nuisance variables. Recent advances in modeling have demonstrated various approaches that handle most of these factors but...
Toward a comprehensive areal model of earthquake-induced landslides
S.B. Miles, D. K. Keefer
2009, Natural Hazards Review (10) 19-28
This paper provides a review of regional-scale modeling of earthquake-induced landslide hazard with respect to the needs for disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. Based on this review, it sets out important research themes and suggests computing with words (CW), a methodology that includes fuzzy logic systems, as a fruitful...
Intra-annual NDVI validation of the Landsat 5 TM radiometric calibration
G. Chander, D.P. Groeneveld
2009, International Journal of Remote Sensing (30) 1621-1628
Multispectral data from the Landsat 5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor provide the backbone of the extensive archive of moderate‐resolution Earth imagery. Even after more than 24 years of service, the L5 TM is still operational. Given the longevity of the satellite, the detectors have aged and the sensor's radiometric...
Generalized analytical model for benthic water flux forced by surface gravity waves
J.N. King, A.J. Mehta, R.G. Dean
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (114)
A generalized analytical model for benthic water flux forced by linear surface gravity waves over a series of layered hydrogeologic units is developed by adapting a previous solution for a hydrogeologic unit with an infinite thickness (Case I) to a unit with a finite thickness (Case II) and to a...
Environmental and climatic variables as potential drivers of post-fire cover of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) in seeded and unseeded semiarid ecosystems
D.J. Shinneman, W.L. Baker
2009, International Journal of Wildland Fire (18) 191-202
Cheatgrass, a non-native annual grass, dominates millions of hectares in semiarid ecosystems of the Intermountain West (USA). Post-fire invasions can reduce native species diversity and alter ecological processes. To curb cheatgrass invasion, land managers often seed recently burned areas with perennial competitor species. We sampled vegetation within burned (19 years...
Seasonal source-sink dynamics at the edge of a species' range
L.L. Kanda, T.K. Fuller, P.R. Sievert, R.L. Kellogg
2009, Ecology (90) 1574-1585
The roles of dispersal and population dynamics in determining species' range boundaries recently have received theoretical attention but little empirical work. Here we provide data on survival, reproduction, and movement for a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population at a local distributional edge in central Massachusetts (USA). Most juvenile females that...
CHRONOS architecture: Experiences with an open-source services-oriented architecture for geoinformatics
D. Fils, C. Cervato, J. Reed, P. Diver, X. Tang, G. Bohling, D. Greer
2009, Computers & Geosciences (35) 774-782
CHRONOS's purpose is to transform Earth history research by seamlessly integrating stratigraphic databases and tools into a virtual on-line stratigraphic record. In this paper, we describe the various components of CHRONOS's distributed data system, including the encoding of semantic and descriptive data into a service-based architecture. We give examples of...
VP Structure of Mount St. Helens, Washington, USA, imaged with local earthquake tomography
G.P. Waite, S.C. Moran
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (182) 113-122
We present a new P-wave velocity model for Mount St. Helens using local earthquake data recorded by the Pacific Northwest Seismograph Stations and Cascades Volcano Observatory since the 18 May 1980 eruption. These data were augmented with records from a dense array of 19 temporary stations deployed during the second...
Testing the importance of auditory detections in avian point counts
J.P. Brewster, T.R. Simons
2009, Journal of Field Ornithology (80) 178-182
Recent advances in the methods used to estimate detection probability during point counts suggest that the detection process is shaped by the types of cues available to observers. For example, models of the detection process based on distance-sampling or time-of-detection methods may yield different results for auditory versus visual cues...
A prelanding assessment of the ice table depth and ground ice characteristics in Martian permafrost at the Phoenix landing site
Michael T. Mellon, William V. Boynton, William C. Feldman, Raymond E. Arvidson, Timothy N. Titus, Joshua L. Bandfield, Nathaniel E. Putzig, H.G. Sizemore
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
We review multiple estimates of the ice table depth at potential Phoenix landing sites and consider the possible state and distribution of subsurface ice. A two-layer model of ice-rich material overlain by ice-free material is consistent with both the observational and theoretical lines of evidence. Results indicate ground ice to...
Seasonal movements and Home-range use by female pronghorns in sagebrush-steppe communities of western South Dakota
C.N. Jacques, J.A. Jenks, R. W. Klaver
2009, Journal of Mammalogy (90) 433-441
Knowledge of seasonal movements by pronghorns (Antilocapra americana) within the easternmost extension of sagebrush-steppe communities is limited. Current hypotheses regarding movement patterns suggest that pronghorns initiate seasonal movements in response to severe winter weather, snowfall patterns, spatial and temporal variation in forage abundance, and availability of water. From January 2002...
Regression models for explaining and predicting concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in fish from streams in the United States
Lisa H. Nowell, Charles G. Crawford, Robert J. Gilliom, Naomi Nakagaki, Wesley W. Stone, Gail Thelin, David M. Wolock
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 1346-1358
Empirical regression models were developed for estimating concentrations of dieldrin, total chlordane, and total DDT in whole fish from U.S. streams. Models were based on pesticide concentrations measured in whole fish at 648 stream sites nationwide (1992-2001) as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Quality Assessment Program. Explanatory...
Peptide synthesis in early earth hydrothermal systems
K.H. Lemke, R.J. Rosenbauer, D.K. Bird
2009, Astrobiology (9) 141-146
We report here results from experiments and thermodynamic calculations that demonstrate a rapid, temperature-enhanced synthesis of oligopeptides from the condensation of aqueous glycine. Experiments were conducted in custom-made hydrothermal reactors, and organic compounds were characterized with ultraviolet-visible procedures. A comparison of peptide yields at 260??C with those obtained at more...
Using occupancy models of forest breeding birds to prioritize conservation planning
A. A. De Wan, P.J. Sullivan, A.J. Lembo, C. R. Smith, J.C. Maerz, J.P. Lassoie, M. E. Richmond
2009, Biological Conservation (142) 982-991
As urban development continues to encroach on the natural and rural landscape, land-use planners struggle to identify high priority conservation areas for protection. Although knowing where urban-sensitive species may be occurring on the landscape would facilitate conservation planning, research efforts are often not sufficiently designed to make quality predictions at...
Earthquake stress drops and inferred fault strength on the Hayward Fault, east San Francisco Bay, California
J.L. Hardebeck, A. Aron
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 1801-1814
We study variations in earthquake stress drop with respect to depth, faulting regime, creeping versus locked fault behavior, and wall-rock geology. We use the P-wave displacement spectra from borehole seismic recordings of M 1.0-4.2 earthquakes in the east San Francisco Bay to estimate stress drop using a stack-and-invert empirical Green's...
Ultrahigh resolution topographic mapping of Mars with MRO HiRISE stereo images: Meter-scale slopes of candidate Phoenix landing sites
Randolph L. Kirk, Elpitha Howington-Kraus, Mark R. Rosiek, Jeffery A. Anderson, Brent A. Archinal, Kris J. Becker, D.A. Cook, Donna M. Galuszka, Paul E. Geissler, Trent M. Hare, I.M. Holmberg, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Bonnie L. Redding, W.A. Delamere, D. Gallagher, J.D. Chapel, Eric M. Eliason, R. King, Alfred S. McEwen
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
The objectives of this paper are twofold: first, to report our estimates of the meter‐to‐decameter‐scale topography and slopes of candidate landing sites for the Phoenix mission, based on analysis of Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) images with a typical pixel scale of 3 m and Mars Reconnaissance...
Temporal response of hydraulic head, temperature, and chloride concentrations to sea-level changes, Floridan aquifer system, USA
J.D. Hughes, H. Leonard Vacher, W. E. Sanford
2009, Hydrogeology Journal (17) 793-815
Three-dimensional density-dependent flow and transport modeling of the Floridan aquifer system, USA shows that current chloride concentrations are not in equilibrium with current sea level and, second, that the geometric configuration of the aquifer has a significant effect on system responses. The modeling shows that hydraulic head equilibrates first, followed...
Sea-level rise in New Jersey over the past 5000 years: Implications to anthropogenic changes
Kenneth G. Miller, Peter J. Sugarman, James V. Browning, Benjamin P. Horton, Alissa Stanley, Alicia Kahn, Jane Uptegrove, Michael Aucott
2009, Global and Planetary Change (66) 10-18
We present a mid to late Holocene sea-level record derived from drilling the New Jersey coast that shows a relatively constant rise of 1.8??mm/yr from ~ 5000 to 500 calibrated calendar years before present (yrBP). This contrasts with previous New Jersey estimates that showed only 0.5??mm/yr rise since 2000??yrBP. Comparison...
Stable isotope and petrologic evidence for open-system degassing during the climactic and pre-climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon
C.W. Mandeville, J.D. Webster, C. Tappen, B.E. Taylor, A. Timbal, A. Sasaki, E. Hauri, C. R. Bacon
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 2978-3012
Evaluation of the extent of volatile element recycling in convergent margin volcanism requires delineating likely source(s) of magmatic volatiles through stable isotopic characterization of sulfur, hydrogen and oxygen in erupted tephra with appropriate assessment of modification by degassing. The climactic eruption of Mt. Mazama ejected approximately 50 km3 of rhyodacitic magma into...
Sedimentary basin effects in Seattle, Washington: Ground-motion observations and 3D simulations
Arthur Frankel, William Stephenson, David Carver
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 1579-1611
Seismograms of local earthquakes recorded in Seattle exhibit surface waves in the Seattle basin and basin-edge focusing of S waves. Spectral ratios of Swaves and later arrivals at 1 Hz for stiff-soil sites in the Seattle basin show a dependence on the direction to the earthquake, with earthquakes to the...
Sensitivity of system stability to model structure
G.R. Hosack, H.W. Li, P.A. Rossignol
2009, Ecological Modelling (220) 1054-1062
A community is stable, and resilient, if the levels of all community variables can return to the original steady state following a perturbation. The stability properties of a community depend on its structure, which is the network of direct effects (interactions) among the variables within the community. These direct effects...
Wildland-urban interface maps vary with purpose and context
S. I. Stewart, B. Wilmer, R. B. Hammer, G. H. Aplet, T. J. Hawbaker, C. Miller, V. C. Radeloff
2009, Journal of Forestry (107) 78-83
Maps of the wildland-urban interface (WUI) are both policy tools and powerful visual images. Although the growing number of WUI maps serve similar purposes, this article indicates that WUI maps derived from the same data sets can differ in important ways related to their original intended application. We discuss the...
