Occurrence of dichloroacetamide herbicide safeners and co-applied herbicides in midwestern U.S. streams
Emily E. Woodward, Michelle L. Hladik, Dana W. Kolpin
2018, Environmental Science & Technology Letters (5) 3-8
Dichloroacetamide safeners (e.g., AD-67, benoxacor, dichlormid, and furilazole) are co-applied with chloroacetanilide herbicides to protect crops from herbicide toxicity. While such safeners have been used since the early 1970s, there are minimal data about safener usage, occurrence in streams, or potential ecological effects. This study focused on one of these...
Inferring epidemiologic dynamics from viral evolution: 2014–2015 Eurasian/North American highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses exceed transmission threshold, R0 = 1, in wild birds and poultry in North America
Daniel R. Grear, Jeffrey S. Hall, Robert J. Dusek, S. Ip
2018, Evolutionary Applications (11) 547-557
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) is a multihost pathogen with lineages that pose health risks for domestic birds, wild birds, and humans. One mechanism of intercontinental HPAIV spread is through wild bird reservoirs, and wild birds were the likely sources of a Eurasian (EA) lineage HPAIV into North America...
The geomorphic legacy of water and erosion control structures in a semiarid rangeland watershed
Mary H. Nichols, Christopher S. Magirl, N.F. Sayre, Jeremy R. Shaw
2018, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (43) 909-918
Control over water supply and distribution is critical for agriculture in drylands where manipulating surface runoff often serves the dual purpose of erosion control. However, little is known of the geomorphic impacts and legacy effects of rangeland water manipulation infrastructure, especially if not maintained. This study investigated the geomorphic impacts...
Weekly summer diet of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in northeastern Minnesota
Thomas D. Gable, Steve K. Windels, John G. Bruggink, Shannon Barber-Meyer
2018, American Midland Naturalist (179) 15-27
Wolves (Canis lupus) are opportunistic predators and will capitalize on available abundant food sources. However, wolf diet has primarily been examined at monthly, seasonal, or annual scales, which can obscure short-term responses to available food. We examined weekly wolf diet from late June to early October by collecting scats from...
Watershed export of fine sediment, organic carbon, and chlorophyll-a to Chesapeake Bay: Spatial and temporal patterns in 1984–2016
Qian Zhang, Joel D. Blomquist
2018, Science of the Total Environment (619-620) 1066-1078
Chesapeake Bay has long experienced nutrient enrichment and water clarity deterioration. This study provides new quantification of loads and yields for sediment (fine and coarse grained), organic carbon (total, dissolved, and particulate), and chlorophyll-a from the monitored nontidal Chesapeake Bay watershed (MNTCBW), all of which are expected to drive estuarine water clarity. We...
Urban raptor communities: Why some raptors and not others occupy urban environments
Clint W. Boal
Clint W. Boal, Cheryl R. Dykstra, editor(s)
2018, Book chapter, Urban raptors: Ecology and conservation of birds of prey in cities
No abstract available....
Anticoagulant rodenticides and wildlife: Concluding remarks
Nico W. van den Brink, John E. Elliott, Richard F. Shore, Barnett A. Rattner
2018, Book chapter, Anticoagulant rodenticides and wildlife
Rodents are known to affect human society globally in various adverse ways, resulting in a widespread demand for their continuous control. Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) have been, and currently remain, the cornerstone of rodent control throughout the world. Although alternative control methods exist, they are generally less effective. ARs work by...
An extirpated lineage of a threatened frog species resurfaces in southern California
Adam R. Backlin, Jonathan Q. Richmond, Elizabeth Gallegos, Clinton K. Christensen, Robert N. Fisher
2018, Oryx (52) 718-722
Southern California has experienced widespread amphibian declines since the 1960s. One species, the Vulnerable California red-legged frog Rana draytonii, is now considered to be extirpated from most of southern California. In February 2017 a population of R. draytonii was discovered in the southern foothills of the San Bernardino Mountains of Riverside...
Effects of host injury on susceptibility of marine reef fishes to ectoparasitic gnathiid isopods
William G. Jenkins, Amanda W.J. Demopoulos, Paul C. Sikkel
2018, Symbiosis (75) 113-121
The importance of the role that parasites play in ecological communities is becoming increasingly apparent. However much about their impact on hosts and thus populations and communities remains poorly understood. A common observation in wild populations is high variation in levels of parasite infestation among hosts. While high variation could...
Anticoagulant rodenticides and wildlife: Introduction
Nico W. van den Brink, John E. Elliott, Richard F. Shore, Barnett A. Rattner
Nico W. van den Brink, John E. Elliott, Richard F. Shore, Barnett A. Rattner, editor(s)
2018, Book chapter, Anticoagulant rodenticides and wildlife
Rodents have interacted with people since the beginning of systematic food storage by humans in the early Neolithic era. Such interactions have had adverse outcomes such as threats to human health, spoiling and consumption of food sources, damage to human infrastructure and detrimental effects on indigenous island wildlife (through inadvertent...
Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity to non-target wildlife under controlled exposure conditions
Barnett A. Rattner, F. Nicholas Mastrota
Nico van den Brink, J. Elliott, R. Shore, B. Rattner, editor(s)
2018, Book chapter, Anticoagulant rodenticides and wildlife
Much of our understanding of anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity to non-target wildlife has been derived from molecular through whole animal research and registration studies in domesticated birds and mammals, and to a lesser degree from trials with captive wildlife. Using these data, an adverse outcome pathway identifying molecular initiating and anchoring...
Living on the edge: Opportunities for Amur tiger recovery in China
Tianming Wang, J. Andrew Royle, J.L.D. Smith, Liang Zou, Xinyue Lu, Tong Li, Haitao Yang, Zhilin Li, Rongna Feng, Yajing Bian, Limin Feng, Jianping Ge
2018, Biological Conservation (217) 269-279
Sporadic sightings of the endangered Amur tiger Panthera tigris altaica along the China-Russia border during the late 1990s sparked efforts to expand this subspecies distribution and abundance by restoring potentially suitable habitats in the Changbai Mountains. To guide science-based recovery efforts and provide a baseline for future monitoring of this...
Characterizing storm response and recovery using the beach change envelope: Fire Island, New York
Owen T. Brenner, Erika E. Lentz, Cheryl J. Hapke, Rachel E. Henderson, Kathleen Wilson, Timothy Nelson
2018, Geomorphology (300) 189-202
Hurricane Sandy at Fire Island, New York presented unique challenges in the quantification of storm impacts using traditional metrics of coastal change, wherein measured changes (shoreline, dune crest, and volume change) did not fully reflect the substantial changes in sediment redistribution following the storm. We used a time series of...
Viscous relaxation as a prerequisite for tectonic resurfacing on Ganymede: Insights from numerical models of lithospheric extension
Michael T. Bland, William B. McKinnon
2018, Icarus (306) 285-305
Ganymede’s bright terrain formed during a near-global resurfacing event (or events) that produced both heavily tectonized and relatively smooth terrains. The mechanism(s) by which resurfacing occurred on Ganymede (e.g., cryovolcanic or tectonic), and the relationship between the older, dark and the younger, bright terrain are fundamental to understanding the geological...
Varve formation during the past three centuries in three large proglacial lakes in south-central Alaska
Evelin Boes, Maarten Van Daele, Jasper Moernaut, Sabine Schmidt, Britta J.L. Jensen, Nore Praet, Darrell Kaufman, Peter J. Haeussler, Michael G. Loso, Marc De Batist
2018, Geological Society of America Bulletin (130) 757-774
The sediments stored in the large, deep proglacial lakes of south-central Alaska are largely unstudied. We analyzed sediments in 20 cores, up to 160 cm long, from Eklutna, Kenai, and Skilak Lakes, using a combination of repeated lamination counting, radionuclide dating, event stratigraphy, and tephrochronology. We show that the characteristically...
Effects of climate change on forest vegetation in the northern Rockies
Robert E. Keane, Mary Frances Mahalovich, Barry L. Bollenbacher, Mary E. Manning, Rachel A. Loehman, Terrie B. Jain, Lisa M. Holsinger, Andrew J. Larson
Jessica E. Halofsky, David L. Peterson, editor(s)
2018, Book chapter, Climate change and Rocky Mountain ecosystems; Advances in Global Change Research v. 63
Increasing air temperature, through its influence on soil moisture, is expected to cause gradual changes in the abundance and distribution of tree, shrub, and grass species throughout the Northern Rockies, with drought tolerant species becoming more competitive. The earliest changes will be at ecotones between lifeforms (e.g., upper and lower...
Effects of climate change on ecological disturbance in the northern Rockies
Rachel A. Loehman, Barbara J. Bentz, Gregg A. DeNitto, Robert E. Keane, Mary E. Manning, Jacob P. Duncan, Joel M. Egan, Marcus B. Jackson, Sandra Kegley, I. Blakey Lockman, Dean E. Pearson, James A. Powell, Steve Shelly, Brytten E. Steed, Paul J. Zambino
Jessica E. Halofsky, David L. Peterson, editor(s)
2018, Book chapter, Climate change and Rocky Mountain ecosystems; Advances in Global Change Research v. 63
Disturbances alter ecosystem, community, or population structure and change elements of the biological and/or physical environment. Climate changes can alter the timing, magnitude, frequency, and duration of disturbance events, as well as the interactions of disturbances on a landscape, and climate change may already be affecting disturbance events and regimes....
The Station Information System (SIS): A centralized seismic station repository for populating, managing, and distributing metadata
Ellen Yu, Prabha Acharya, Justin Jaramillo, Sue Kientz, Valerie I. Thomas, Egill Hauksson
2018, Seismological Research Letters (89) 47-55
Creating, maintaining, and archiving accurate station metadata is critical for successful seismic network operations, data discovery, and research. The Station Information System (SIS) is a centralized repository of seismic station equipment inventory, instrument response, and site information of stations operated by regional seismic networks (RSNs) of the Advanced National Seismic...
Spring fasting behavior in a marine apex predator provides an index of ecosystem productivity
Karyn D. Rode, Ryan H. Wilson, David C. Douglas, Vanessa L Muhlenbruch, Todd C. Atwood, Eric V. Regehr, Evan Richardson, Nicholas Pilfold, Andrew E. Derocher, George M. Durner, Ian Stirling, Steven C. Amstrup, Michelle St. Martin, Anthony M. Pagano, Kristin S. Simac
2018, Global Change Biology (24) 410-423
The effects of declining Arctic sea ice on local ecosystem productivity are not well understood but have been shown to vary inter-specifically, spatially, and temporally. Because marine mammals occupy upper trophic levels in Arctic food webs, they may be useful indicators for understanding variation in ecosystem productivity. Polar bears (Ursus...
6th international conference on Mars polar science and exploration: Conference summary and five top questions
Isaac B. Smith, Serina Diniega, David W. Beaty, Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson, Patricio Becerra, Ali Bramson, Stephen M. Clifford, Christine S. Hvidberg, Ganna Portyankina, Sylvain Piqueux, Aymeric Spiga, Timothy N. Titus
2018, Icarus (308) 2-14
We provide a historical context of the International Conference on Mars Polar Science and Exploration and summarize the proceedings from the 6th iteration of this meeting. In particular, we identify five key Mars polar science questions based primarily on presentations and discussions at the conference and discuss the overlap between...
Variability in eddy sandbar dynamics during two decades of controlled flooding of the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon
Erich R. Mueller, Paul E. Grams, Joseph E. Hazel Jr., John C. Schmidt
2018, Sedimentary Geology (363) 181-199
Sandbars are iconic features of the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, U.S.A. Following completion of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963, sediment deficit conditions caused erosion of eddy sandbars throughout much of the 360 km study reach downstream from the dam. Controlled floods in 1996, 2004, and 2008 demonstrated that...
Broken bones and hammerstones at the Cerutti Mastodon site: A reply to Haynes
Steven R. Holen, Thomas A. Demere, Daniel C. Fisher, Richard Fullagar, James B. Paces, George T. Jefferson, Jared M. Beeton, Adam N. Rountrey, Kathleen A. Holen
2018, PaleoAmerica (4) 8-11
Haynes [2017 “The Cerutti Mastodon.” PaleoAmerica 3 (3): 196–199] criticizes numerous aspects of our analysis of the Cerutti Mastodon (CM) site, but central among his points is the claim that heavy equipment broke the bones and stones that we interpret as evidence of ancient human activity. This notion can be discounted primarily...
The 2015 Gorkha (Nepal) Earthquake sequence: I. Source modeling and deterministic 3D ground shaking
Shengji Wei, Meng Chen, Xin Wang, Robert Graves, Eric Lindsey, Teng Wang, Cagil Karakas, Don Helmberger
2018, Tectonophysics (722) 447-461
To better quantify the relatively long period (< 0.3 Hz) shaking experienced during the 2015 Gorkha (Nepal) earthquake sequence, we study the finite rupture processes and the associated 3D ground motion of the Mw7.8 mainshock and the Mw7.2 aftershock. The 3D...
A Holocene record of ocean productivity and upwelling from the northern California continental slope
Jason A. Addison, John A. Barron, Bruce P. Finney, Jennifer E. Kusler, David Bukry, Linda E. Heusser, Clark R. Alexander
2018, Quaternary International (469) 96-108
The Holocene upwelling history of the northern California continental slope is examined using the high-resolution record of TN062-O550 (40.9°N, 124.6°W, 550 m water depth). This 7-m-long marine sediment core spans the last ∼7500 years, and we use it to test the hypothesis that marine productivity in the California Current System (CCS)...
Waterbird communities and seed biomass in managed and reference-restored wetlands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley
Jessica L. Tapp, Matthew M. Weegman, Elisabeth B. Webb, Richard M. Kaminski, J. Brian Davis
2018, Restoration Ecology (26) 591-599
The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) commenced the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative (MBHI) in summer 2010 after the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The MBHI enrolled in the program 193,000 ha of private wet- and cropland inland from potential oil-impaired wetlands. We evaluated waterfowl and...
