Constraints and conundrums resulting from ground-deformation measurements made during the 2004-2005 dome-building eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
Daniel Dzurisin, Michael Lisowski, Michael P. Poland, David R. Sherrod, Richard G. LaHusen
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-14
A prolonged period of dome growth at Mount St. Helens starting in September-October 2004 provides an opportunity to study how the volcano deforms before, during, and after an eruption by using modern instruments and techniques, such as global positioning system (GPS) receivers and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), together with...
Trace element and Pb isotope composition of plagioclase from dome samples from the 2004-2005 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
Adam J. R. Kent, Michael C. Rowe, Carl R. Thornber, John S. Pallister
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-35
We report the results of in-situ laser ablation ICP–MS analyses of anorthite content, trace-element (Li, Ti, Sr, Ba, La, Pr, Ce, Nd, Eu, Pb) concentrations, and Pb-isotope compositions in plagioclase from eight dome-dacite samples collected from the 2004-5 eruption of Mount St. Helens and, for comparison, from three dome samples...
Dynamics of seismogenic volcanic extrusion resisted by a solid surface plug, Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005
Richard M. Iverson
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-21
The 2004-5 eruption of Mount St. Helens exhibited sustained, near-equilibrium behavior characterized by nearly steady extrusion of a solid dacite plug and nearly periodic occurrence of shallow earthquakes. Diverse data support the hypothesis that these earthquakes resulted from stick-slip motion along the margins of the plug as it was forced...
Evolving magma storage conditions beneath Mount St. Helens inferred from chemical variations in melt inclusions from the 1980-1986 and current (2004-2006) eruptions
Jon Blundy, Katharine V. Cashman, Kim Berlo
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-33
Major element, trace element, and volatile concentrations in 187 glassy melt inclusions and 25 groundmass glasses from the 1980-86 eruption of Mount St. Helens are presented, together with 103 analyses of touching FE-Ti oxide pairs from the same samples. These data are used to evaluate the temporal evolution of...
Chemistry, mineralogy, and petrology of amphibole in Mount St. Helens 2004-2006 dacite
Carl R. Thornber, John S. Pallister, Heather Lowers, Michael C. Rowe, Charlie Mandeville, Gregory P. Meeker
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-32
Textural, compositional, and mineralogical data are reported and interpreted for a large population of clinoamphibole phenocrysts in 22 samples from the seven successive dacite spines erupted at Mount St. Helens between October 2004 and January 2006. Despite the uniformity in bulk composition of magma erupted since 2004, there is striking...
Methane hydrates
Ray Boswell, Koji Yamamoto, Sung-Rock Lee, Timothy S. Collett, Pushpendra Kumar, Scott Dallimore
2008, Book chapter, Future energy: Improved, sustainable and clean options for our planet
Gas hydrate is a solid, naturally occurring substance consisting predominantly of methane gas and water. Recent scientific drilling programs in Japan, Canada, the United States, Korea and India have demonstrated that gas hydrate occurs broadly and in a variety of forms in shallow sediments of the outer continental shelves and...
Use of digital aerophotogrammetry to determine rates of lava dome growth, Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2004-2005
Steve P. Schilling, Ren A. Thompson, James A. Messerich, Eugene Y. Iwatsubo
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-8
Beginning in October 2004, a new lava dome grew on the glacier-covered crater floor of Mount St. Helens, Washington, immediately south of the 1980s lava dome. Seventeen digital elevation models (DEMs) constructed from vertical aerial photographs have provided quantitative estimates of extruded lava volumes and total volume change. To extract...
Seismic-monitoring changes and the remote deployment of seismic stations (seismic spider) at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005
Patrick J. McChesney, Marvin R. Couchman, Seth C. Moran, Andrew B. Lockhart, Kelly J. Swinford, Richard G. LaHusen
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-7
The instruments in place at the start of volcanic unrest at Mount St. Helens in 2004 were inadequate to record the large earthquakes and monitor the explosions that occurred as the eruption developed. To remedy this, new instruments were deployed and the short-period seismic network was modified. A new method...
Petrology of the 2004-2006 Mount St. Helens lava dome -- implications for magmatic plumbing and eruption triggering
John S. Pallister, Carl R. Thornber, Katharine V. Cashman, Michael A. Clynne, Heather Lowers, Charlie Mandeville, Isabelle K. Brownfield, Gregory P. Meeker
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-30
Eighteen years after dome-forming eruptions ended in 1986, and with little warning, Mount St. Helens began to erupt again in October 2004. During the ensuing two years, the volcano extruded more than 80×106 m3 of gas-poor, crystal-rich dacite lava. The 2004-6 dacite is remarkably uniform in bulk-rock composition and, at...
Buy it now: A hybrid internet market institution
Steven T. Anderson, Daniel Friedman, Garrett Milam, Nirvikar Singh
2008, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research (9) 137-153
This paper analyzes seller choices and outcomes in approximately 700 Internet auctions of a relatively homogeneous good. The ‘Buy it Now’ option allows the seller to convert the auction into a posted price market. We use a structural model to control for the conduct of the auction as well as...
Analysis of GPS-measured deformation associated with the 2004-2006 dome-building eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
Michael Lisowski, Daniel Dzurisin, Roger P. Denlinger, Eugene Y. Iwatsubo
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-15
Detecting far-field deformation at Mount St. Helens since the crater-forming landslide and blast in 1980 has been difficult despite frequent volcanic activity and improved monitoring techniques. Between 1982 and 1991, the systematic extension of line lengths in a regional GPS trilateration network is consistent with recharge of a deep magma...
Use of a groundwater flow model to assess the location, extent, and hydrologic properties of faults in the Rialto-Colton Basin, California
Linda R. Woolfenden
Eileen Poeter, Mary C. Hill, Chunmiao Zheng, editor(s)
2008, Conference Paper, MODFLOW and More 2008: Ground water and public policy — Conference proceedings
Faults within a groundwater basin can greatly influence the direction of groundwater flow and contaminant migration. Existing steady-state and transient groundwater flow models were used to assess the location, extent, and hydrologic properties of two alternative fault configurations within the Rialto-Colton basin. Adjustments were made to the hydrologic properties of...
Broadband characteristics of earthquakes recorded during a dome-building eruption at Mount St. Helens, Washington, between October 2004 and May 2005
Stephen P. Horton, Robert D. Norris, Seth C. Moran
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-5
From October 2004 to May 2005, the Center for Earthquake Research and Information of the University of Memphis operated two to six broadband seismometers within 5 to 20 km of Mount St. Helens to help monitor recent seismic and volcanic activity. Approximately 57,000 earthquakes identified during the 7-month deployment had...
Chlorine degassing during the lava dome-building eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005
Marie Edmonds, Kenneth A. McGee, Michael P. Doukas
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-27
Remote measurements of volcanic gases from the Mount St. Helens lava dome were carried out using OpenPath Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy on August 31, 2005. Measurements were performed at a site ~1 km from the lava dome, which was used as a source of IR radiation. On average, during the period...
Lightning‐driven electric fields measured in the lower ionosphere: Implications for transient luminous events
Jeremy N. Thomas, Benjamin H. Barnum, Erin Lay, Robert H. Holzworth, Mengu Cho, Michael C. Kelley
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics (113) 1-8
Transient luminous events above thunderstorms such as sprites, halos, and elves require large electric fields in the lower ionosphere. Yet very few in situ measurements in this region have been successfully accomplished, since it is typically too low in altitude for rockets and satellites and too high for balloons. In...
Absolute and relative locations of earthquakes at Mount St. Helens, Washington, using continuous data: Implications for magmatic processes
Weston A. Thelen, Robert S. Crosson, Kenneth C. Creager
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-4
This study uses a combination of absolute and relative locations from earthquake multiplets to investigate the seismicity associated with the eruptive sequence at Mount St. Helens between September 23, 2004, and November 20, 2004. Multiplets, a prominent feature of seismicity during this time period, occurred as volcano-tectonic, hybrid, and low-frequency...
Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005
D. Bergfeld, William C. Evans, Kenneth A. McGee, Kurt R. Spicer
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-25
Samples of gas and water from thermal springs in Loowit and Step canyons and creeks that drain the crater at Mount St. Helens have been collected since October 2004 to monitor the flux of dissolved magmatic volatiles in the hydrologic system. The changing composition of the waters highlights a trend...
Lake Manix shorelines and Afton Canyon terraces: Implications for incision of Afton Canyon
Marith C. Reheis, Joanna L. Redwine
2008, Book chapter, Late Cenozoic Drainage History of the Southwestern Great Basin and Lower Colorado River Region: Geologic and Biotic Perspectives
Lake Manix, in south-central California, was the terminal basin of the Mojave River until the late Pleistocene, when it drained east to the Lake Mojave Basin. Based on new field observations, radiocarbon ages, and soil development, we propose modifications to previously published hypotheses on the timing of the last 543...
Overview of the 2004 to 2006, and continuing, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
William E. Scott, David R. Sherrod, Cynthia A. Gardner
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-1
Rapid onset of unrest at Mount St. Helens on September 23, 2004, initiated an uninterrupted lava-dome-building eruption that continues to the time of writing this overview (spring 2006) for a volume of papers focused on this eruption. About three weeks of intense seismic unrest and localized surface uplift, punctuated by...
Relating streamflow characteristics to specialized insectivores in the Tennessee River Valley: a regional approach
Rodney R. Knight, M. Brian Gregory, Amy K. Wales
2008, Ecohydrology (1) 394-407
Analysis of hydrologic time series and fish community data across the Tennessee River Valley identified three hydrologic metrics essential to habitat suitability and food availability for insectivorous fish communities in streams of the Tennessee River Valley: constancy (flow stability or temporal invariance), frequency of moderate flooding (frequency of habitat disturbance),...
Integration of regional hydrologic modeling using FORTRAN and ArcGIS
Alan L. Flint, Lorraine E. Flint
2008, Water Resources Impact (10) 31-35
Toward a time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Alaska
Oliver S. Boyd, Yuehua Zeng, Charles G. Bufe, Robert L. Wesson, Frederick Pollitz, Jeanne L. Hardebeck
Jeffery T. Freymueller, Peter J. Haeussler, Robert L. Wesson, Goran Ekstrom, editor(s)
2008, Book chapter, Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska
We report on a time-dependent seismic hazard analysis for Alaska and the Aleutians to complement our recently completed time-independent map. Whereas the time-independent map treats all sources as statistically independent, the time-dependent analysis is based on calculations of the conditional probability of occurrence for the next 50 years by using...
Numerical modeling of rainfall thresholds for shallow landsliding in the Seattle, Washington, area
Jonathan W. Godt, Jonathan P. McKenna
2008, Reviews in Engineering Geology (20) 121-136
The temporal forecasting of landslide hazard has typically relied on empirical relations between rainfall characteristics and landslide occurrence to identify conditions that may cause shallow landslides. Here, we describe an alternate, deterministic approach to define rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence in the Seattle, Washington, area. This approach combines an infinite...
Assessing deep-seated landslide susceptibility using 3-D groundwater and slope-stability analyses, southwestern Seattle, Washington
Dianne L. Brien, Mark E. Reid
2008, Reviews in Engineering Geology (20) 83-101
In Seattle, Washington, deep-seated landslides on bluffs along Puget Sound have historically caused extensive damage to land and structures. These large failures are controlled by three-dimensional (3-D) variations in strength and pore-water pressures. We assess the slope stability of part of southwestern Seattle using a 3-D limit-equilibrium analysis coupled with...
Shallow landslide hazard map of Seattle, Washington
Edwin L. Harp, John A. Michael, William T. Laprade
2008, Reviews in Engineering Geology (20) 67-82
Landslides, particularly debris flows, have long been a significant cause of damage and destruction to people and property in the Puget Sound region. Following the years of 1996 and 1997, the Federal Emergency Management Agency designated Seattle as a “Project Impact” city with the goal of encouraging the city to...
