Sensitivity of potential evapotranspiration and simulated flow to varying meteorological inputs, Salt Creek watershed, DuPage County, Illinois
David E. Whitbeck
2006, Open-File Report 2005-1430
The Lamoreux Potential Evapotranspiration (LXPET) Program computes potential evapotranspiration (PET) using inputs from four different meteorological sources: temperature, dewpoint, wind speed, and solar radiation. PET and the same four meteorological inputs are used with precipitation data in the Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) to simulate streamflow in the Salt Creek watershed,...
Food specialization and radiation of Hawaiian honeycreepers
Paul C. Banko, Winston E. Banko
2006, Acta Zoologica Sinica (52) 253-256
Hawaiian honeycreepers are renowned for adaptive radiation and diet specialization. Specialization arose from competition for the relatively few resources available in this remote archipelago and because arthropod prey sufficient to satisfy nestling protein requirements could only be captured by highly modified bills. Historically, most species fed their nestlings with larvae...
Under the Golden Gate Bridge — Views of the sea floor near the entrance to San Francisco Bay, California
Peter Dartnell, Patrick L. Barnard, John L. Chin, Daniel Hanes, Rikk G. Kvitek, Pat J. Iampietro, James V. Gardner
2006, Scientific Investigations Map 2917
San Francisco Bay in Northern California is one of the largest and most altered estuaries within the United States. The sea floor within the bay as well as at its entrance is constantly changing due to strong tidal currents, aggregate mining, dredge disposal, and the creation of new land using...
Physical habitat classification and instream flow modeling to determine habitat availability during low-flow periods, North Fork Shenandoah River, Virginia
Jennifer L. Krstolic, Donald C. Hayes, Peter M. Ruhl
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5025
Increasing development and increasing water withdrawals for public, industrial, and agricultural water supply threaten to reduce streamflows in the Shenandoah River basin in Virginia. Water managers need more information to balance human water-supply needs with the daily streamflows necessary for maintaining the aquatic ecosystems. To meet the need for comprehensive...
Land-cover trends in the Mojave basin and range ecoregion
Benjamin M. Sleeter, Christian G. Raumann
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5098
The U.S. Geological Survey's Land-Cover Trends Project aims to estimate the rates of contemporary land-cover change within the conterminous United States between 1972 and 2000. A random sampling approach was used to select a representative sample of 10-km by 10-km sample blocks and to estimate change within +/- 1 percent...
Forecasting selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary: Ecological effects of a proposed San Luis Drain extension
Theresa S. Presser, Samuel N. Luoma
2006, Professional Paper 1646
Selenium discharges to the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary (Bay-Delta) could change significantly if federal and state agencies (1) approve an extension of the San Luis Drain to convey agricultural drainage from the western San Joaquin Valley to the North Bay (Suisun Bay, Carquinez Strait, and San Pablo Bay); (2) allow...
Water-quality characteristics, including sodium-adsorption ratios, for four sites in the Powder River drainage basin, Wyoming and Montana, water years 2001-2004
Melanie L. Clark, Jon P. Mason
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5113
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, monitors streams throughout the Powder River structural basin in Wyoming and parts of Montana for potential effects of coalbed natural gas development. Specific conductance and sodium-adsorption ratios may be larger in coalbed waters than in stream waters...
Sea floor topography and backscatter intensity of the Hudson Canyon region offshore of New York and New Jersey
Bradford Butman, David C. Twichell, Peter A. Rona, Brian E. Tucholke, Tammie J. Middleton, James M. Robb
2006, Open-File Report 2004-1441
These maps show the sea floor topography and backscatter intensity of the Hudson Canyon region on the continental slope and rise offshore of New Jersey and New York (fig. 1 and fig. 2). Sheet 1 shows sea floor topography as shaded relief. Sheet 2 shows sea floor topography as shaded...
Trends of Abutment-Scour Prediction Equations Applied to 144 Field Sites in South Carolina
Stephen T. Benedict, Nikhil Deshpande, Nadim M. Aziz, Paul Conrads
2006, Open-File Report 2003-295
The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration in which predicted abutment-scour depths computed with selected predictive equations were compared with field measurements of abutment-scour depth made at 144 bridges in South Carolina. The assessment used five equations published in the Fourth Edition of...
Uncertainty management, spatial and temporal reasoning, and validation of intelligent environmental decision support systems
Miquel Sanchez-Marre, Karina Gilbert, Rick S. Sojda, Jean Philippe Steyer, Peter Struss, Ignasi Rodriguez-Roda
A.A. Voinov, A.J. Jakeman, A.E. Rizzoli, editor(s)
2006, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the iEMSs Third Biennial Meeting: "Summit on Environmental Modelling and Software"
There are inherent open problems arising when developing and running Intelligent Environmental Decision Support Systems (IEDSS). During daily operation of IEDSS several open challenge problems appear. The uncertainty of data being processed is intrinsic to the environmental system, which is being monitored by several on-line sensors and off-line data. Thus,...
Resolving model parameter values from C and N stock measurements in a wide range of tropical mature forests using nonlinear inversion
Shuguang Liu, Pamela Anderson, Guoyi Zhou, Boone Kauffman, Flint Hughes, David Schimel, Vicente Watson, Joseph Tosi
2006, Conference Paper
No abstract available....
Dealing with uncertainty and sensitivity issues in process-based models of carbon and nitrogen cycles in northern forest ecosystems
Guy R. Larocque, Jagtar S. Bhatti, A.M. Gordon, N. Luckai, Jinxun Liu, Shuguang Liu, P.A. Arp, C.F. Zhang, A Komarov, P. Grabarnik, M. Wattenbach, C. Peng, Jianfeng Sun, Thomas White
2006, Conference Paper
Many process-based models on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles have been developed for northern forest ecosystems. These models are widely used to evaluate the long-term decisions in forest management dealing with effects like particulate pollution, productivity and climate change. Regarding climate change, one of the key questions that have...
Heat-producing elements in the lunar mantle: Insights from ion microprobe analyses of lunar pyroclastic glasses
Justin Hagerty, Charles K. Shearer, David Vaniman
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 3457-3476
We provide new estimates for the abundance of heat-producing elements in the lunar mantle by using SIMS techniques to measure the concentrations of thorium and samarium in lunar pyroclastic glasses. Lunar pyroclastic glasses are utilized in this study because they represent quenched products of near-primary melts from the lunar mantle...
Host mating system and the prevalence of a disease in a plant population
Jennifer M. Koslow, Donald L. DeAngelis
2006, Proceedings of the Royal Society B (273) 1825-1831
A modified susceptible–infected–recovered (SIR) host–pathogen model is used to determine the influence of plant mating system on the outcome of a host–pathogen interaction. Unlike previous models describing how interactions between mating system and pathogen infection affect individual fitness, this model considers the potential consequences of varying mating systems on the...
Simulation of nutrient and sediment concentrations and loads in the Delaware inland bays watershed: Extension of the hydrologic and water-quality model to ungaged segments
Angelica L. Gutierrez-Magness
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5038
Rapid population increases, agriculture, and industrial practices have been identified as important sources of excessive nutrients and sediments in the Delaware Inland Bays watershed. The amount and effect of excessive nutrients and sediments in the Inland Bays watershed have been well documented by the Delaware Geological Survey, the Delaware Department...
Hydrogeology of the upper and middle Verde River watersheds, central Arizona
Kyle W. Blasch, John P. Hoffmann, Leslie F. Graser, Jeannie R. Bryson, Alan L. Flint
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5198
The upper and middle Verde River watersheds in central Arizona are primarily in Yavapai County, which in 1999 was determined to be the fastest growing rural county in the United States; by 2050 the population is projected to more than double its current size (132,000 in 2000). This study combines...
Water quality and relation to taste-and-odor compounds in the North Fork Ninnescah River and Cheney Reservoir, south-central Kansas, 1997-2003
Victoria G. Christensen, Jennifer L. Graham, Chad R. Milligan, Larry M. Pope, Andrew C. Ziegler
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5095
Cheney Reservoir, the primary water supply for the city of Wichita in south-central Kansas, and its main source of inflow, the North Fork Ninnescah River, were sampled between 1997 and 2003 for sediment, nutrients, and the taste-and-odor-causing compounds geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB). It is believed that objectionable tastes and odors...
A system for calibrating seepage meters used to measure flow between ground water and surface water
Donald O. Rosenberry, Michael A. Menheer
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5053
A system has been developed for generating controlled rates of seepage across the sediment-water interface representing flow between ground water and surface water. The seepage- control system facilitates calibration and testing of seepage measurement devices commonly called seepage meters. Two slightly different seepage-control systems were evaluated. Both designs make use...
Simulation of selected ground-water pumping scenarios at Fort Stewart and Hunter Army Airfield, Georgia
Gregory S. Cherry
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1148
A regional MODFLOW ground-water flow model of parts of coastal Georgia, Florida, and South Carolina was used to evaluate the effects of current and hypothetical groundwater withdrawal, and the relative effects of pumping in specific areas on ground-water flow in the Upper Floridan aquifer near Fort Stewart and Hunter Army...
Geohydrological characterization, water-chemistry, and ground-water flow simulation model of the Sonoma Valley area, Sonoma County, California
Christopher D. Farrar, Loren F. Metzger, Tracy Nishikawa, Kathryn M. Koczot, Eric G. Reichard, Victoria E. Langenheim
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5092
The Sonoma Valley, located about 30 miles north of San Francisco, is one of several basins in Sonoma County that use a combination of ground water and water delivered from the Russian River for supply. Over the past 30 years, Sonoma Valley has experienced rapid population growth and land-use changes....
Hydrogeophysical tracking of three‐dimensional tracer migration: The concept and application of apparent petrophysical relations
Kamini Singha, Steven M. Gorelick
2006, Water Resources Research (42)
Direct estimation of groundwater solute concentrations from geophysical tomograms has been only moderately successful because (1) reconstructed tomograms are often highly uncertain and subject to inversion artifacts, (2) the range of subsurface conditions represented in data sets is incomplete because of the paucity of colocated well or core data and...
The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) for Support of Ecological and Biological Assessments
Pamela A. Telis
2006, Fact Sheet 2006-3087
The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) is an integrated network of real-time water-level monitoring, ground-elevation modeling, and water-surface modeling that provides scientists and managers with current (1999-present), online water-depth information for the entire freshwater portion of the Greater Everglades. Presented on a 400-square-meter grid spacing, EDEN offers a consistent and...
Atlas of climatic controls of wildfire in the western United States
S. W. Hostetler, P. J. Bartlein, J.O. Holman
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5139
Wildfire behavior depends on several factors including ecologic characteristics, near-term and antecedent climatic conditions,fuel availability and moisture level, weather, and sources of ignition (lightning or human). The variability and interplay of these factors over many spatial and temporal scales present an ongoing challenge to our ability to forecast a given...
Velocity, bathymetry, and transverse mixing characteristics of the Ohio River upstream from Cincinnati, Ohio, October 2004–March 2006
G. F. Koltun, Chad J. Ostheimer, Michael S. Griffin
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1159
Velocity, bathymetry, and transverse (cross-channel) mixing characteristics were studied in a 34-mile study reach of the Ohio River extending from the lower pool of the Captain Anthony Meldahl Lock and Dam, near Willow Grove, Ky, to just downstream from the confluence of the Licking and Ohio Rivers, near Newport, Ky....
Petroleum Systems and Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas, Navarro and Taylor Groups, Western Gulf Province, Texas
U.S. Geological Survey Western Gulf Province Assessment Team
2006, Data Series 69-H
The purpose of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Oil and Gas Assessment is to develop geologically based hypotheses regarding the potential for additions to oil and gas reserves in priority areas of the United States. The USGS recently completed an assessment of undiscovered oil and gas potential of the...
