Introduction
A major objective of Everglades restoration, as defined in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), (accessed December 8, 2004, at http://www.evergladesplan.org/) is to restore sheet-flow behavior in the Everglades to a more natural pre-drainage condition. This effort requires scientific insight into hydrologic and hydraulic factors that affect sheet-flow behavior for restoration planning as well as background knowledge of sheet-flow conditions for restoration assessment, identified as a critical need in the CERP Monitoring and Assessment Plan (MAP) (accessed December 8, 2004, at http://www.evergladesplan.org/pm/recover/recover_map_2004.cfm). Moreover, knowledge of sheet-flow behavior is essential for the development and use of models to evaluate and compare restoration scenarios for implementation, refinement, and evaluation of the CERP.
Flow-velocity, water-temperature, and conductivity data were collected in Everglades National Park (ENP), Florida, from July 1999 to July 2003 to document the temporal and spatial variability of sheet-flow conditions. These data serve to define the range of sheet-flow conditions in various vegetative communities in the wetlands and to identify internal and external factors that affect sheet-flow behavior. Flow-velocity, water-temperature, and conductivity data collected during the 4-year timeframe of this study are described and presented in this report. The data were collected in Shark River Slough, ENP, during the 2000-01, 2001-02, and 2002-03 wet seasons and during part of the 1999-2000 wet season. All data presented in this report have been processed, quality-checked, and edited.
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Conversion Factors, Abbreviations, and Horizontal Datum
| Multiply | By | To obtain |
|---|---|---|
| Length | ||
| centimeter (cm) | 0.3937 | inch (in.) |
| millimeter (mm) | 0.03937 | inch (in.) |
| meter (m) | 3.281 | foot (ft) |
| kilometer (km) | 0.6214 | mile (mi) |
| Flow rate | ||
| centimeter per second (cm/s) | 0.03281 | foot per second (ft/s) |
Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to
degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows:
°F=(1.8×°C)+32
Direction of flow is reported in degrees clockwise from magnetic north (°CW from MN).
Frequency is reported in hertz (Hz).
Salinity is reported in parts per thousand (ppt).
Signal-to-noise ratio is reported in decibels (dB).
Conductivity is reported in Siemens per meter (S/m)
Specific conductance is reported in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (µS/cm at 25°C).
Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83).
U.S. Department of the Interior
Gale A. Norton, Secretary
U.S. Geological Survey
Charles G. Groat, Director
U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 2004
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U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USAContact: Raymond W. Schaffranek