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- Title:
-
Sea Floor Topography and Backscatter Intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site
- Abstract:
-
This data set includes topography and backscatter intensity of the sea floor of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS), located offshore of New York and New Jersey. The data were collected with a multibeam sea floor mapping system on surveys conducted November 23 - December 3, 1996, October 26 - November 11, 1998, and April 6 - 30, 2000. The surveys were conducted using a Simrad EM 1000 multibeam echo sounder mounted aboard the Canadian Hydrographic Service vessel Frederick G. Creed. This multibeam system utilizes 60 electronically aimed receive beams spaced at intervals of 2.5 degrees that insonify a strip of sea floor up to 7.5 times the water depth (swath width of 100 to 200 m within the survey area). The horizontal resolution of the beam on the sea floor is approximately 10% of the water depth (3-5 meters in the survey region). Vertical resolution is approximately 1 percent of the water depth, or 0.3 m. Maps derived from the mulitbeam observations show sea floor topography, shaded relief, and backscatter intensity (a measure of sea floor texture and roughness) at a spatial resolution of 3 m/pixel.
- How should this data set be cited?
U.S. Geological Survey, 2000, Sea Floor Topography and Backscatter Intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site: U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole, MA.
Online Links:
- <URL: https://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of00-503>
This is part of the following larger work.
Butman, Bradford, Danforth, William W., Knowles, S.C., May, Brian, and Serrett, Laurie, 2000, Sea Floor Topography and Backscatter Intensity of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS), Offshore of New York, Based on Multibeam Surveys Conducted in 1996, 1998, and 2000: Open File Reports (OFR) 00-503, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.
Online Links:
- <URL: https://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of00-503>
- What geographic area does the data set cover?
- West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.900124
- East_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.812264
- North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.433605
- South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.349975
- What does it look like?
- Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
- Beginning_Date: 1996
- Ending_Date: 2000
- Currentness_Reference: ground condition
- What is the general form of this data set?
- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image and raster digital data
- How does the data set represent geographic features?
- How are geographic features stored in the data set?
This is a Raster data set.
It contains the following raster data types:
- Dimensions 2487 x 3098, type Pixel
- What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
- Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: other grid system
- Other_Grid_System's_Definition:
-
Mercator
Standard Parallel: 40.0
Longitude of Central Meridian: -75
False Easting: 0
False Northing: 0
Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 3
Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 3
Planar coordinates are specified in meters
The ellipsoid used is World Geodetic System 84.
The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257.
- Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
-
- Depth_System_Definition:
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- Depth_Datum_Name: Mean lower low water
- Depth_Resolution: 0.3
- Depth_Distance_Units: Meters
- Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
- How does the data set describe geographic features?
- What are the components of this data set?
- Gridded bathymetry
(raster digital data)
-
Bathymetric data was compiled from multibeam echosounder surveys conducted during the time periods of; 11/23/96 to 12/3/96, 10/26/98 to 11/11/98 and 4/6/2000 to 4/30/2000.
- hars1996_3m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam echosounder survey gridded at 3 meters.
- hars1998_3m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Bathymetric soundings from 1998 multibeam echosounder survey gridded at 3 meters.
- hars2000_3m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Bathymetric soundings from 2000 multibeam echosounder survey gridded at 3 meters.
- hars1996_12m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam echosounder survey gridded at 12 meters.
- hars1998_12m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Bathymetric soundings from 1998 multibeam echosounder survey gridded at 12 meters.
- hars2000_12m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Bathymetric soundings from 2000 multibeam echosounder survey gridded at 12 meters.
- 12hars1996_12m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Smoothed bathymetric soundings at 12 m resolution from 1996 multibeam survey. Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by 12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the focalmedian routine (ARC/INFO geographic information system software, Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
- 12hars1998_12m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Smoothed bathymetric soundings at 12 m resolution from 1998 multibeam survey. Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by 12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the focalmedian routine (ARC/INFO geographic information system software, Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
- 12hars2000_12m
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
Smoothed bathymetric soundings at 12 m resolution from 2000 multibeam survey. Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by 12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the focalmedian routine (ARC/INFO geographic information system software, Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
- Bathymetric contours
(vector digital data)
-
Bathymetric contours at 1 and 5 meter intervals based on smoothed multibeam observations. Bathymetric data were contoured using ARC/INFO geographic information system software (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1). Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by 12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the focalmedian routine. Topographic contours at a 1-meter interval were generated from the grid using the latticecontour routine.
- 12hars9612c1g.shp
(Arcview shapefile)
-
Bathymetric contours at 1 meter intervals, from bathymetry grids compiled from bathymetric soundings collected on the 1996 multibeam echosounder survey.
- 12hars9812c1g.shp
(Arcview shapefile)
-
Bathymetric contours at 1 meter intervals, from bathymetry grids compiled from bathymetric soundings collected on the 1998 multibeam echosounder survey.
- 12hars0012c1g.shp
(Arcview shapefile)
-
Bathymetric contours at 1 meter intervals, from bathymetry grids compiled from bathymetric soundings collected on the 2000 multibeam echosounder survey.
- 12hars9612c5g.shp
(Arcview shapefile)
-
Bathymetric contours at 5 meter intervals, from bathymetry grids compiled from bathymetric soundings collected on the 1996 multibeam echosounder survey.
- 12hars9812c5g.shp
(Arcview shapefile)
-
Bathymetric contours at 5 meter intervals, from bathymetry grids compiled from bathymetric soundings collected on the 1998 multibeam echosounder survey.
- 12hars0012c5g.shp
(Arcview shapefile)
-
Bathymetric contours at 5 meter intervals, from bathymetry grids compiled from bathymetric soundings collected on the 2000 multibeam echosounder survey.
- Sun illuminated topography
(remote-sensing images)
-
The shaded relief image (3 m pixel size) was created by vertically exaggerating the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the relief by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from the north. In the resulting image, topographic features are enhanced by strong illumination on the northward-facing slopes and by shadows cast on southern slopes. The image also accentuates small features (relief of a few meters) that could not be effectively shown as contours alone at this scale. Unnatural-looking features or patterns oriented parallel or perpendicular to survey tracklines (tracklines run north-south) are artifacts of data collection and environmental conditions.
- Hars1996Sun.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing sea floor topography with an artificial illumination source. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1996. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Hars1998Sun.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing sea floor topography with an artificial illumination source. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1998. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Hars2000Sun.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing sea floor topography with an artificial illumination source. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 2000. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Backscatter Intensity
(remote-sensing images and raster digital data)
-
Backscatter intensity, the intensity of the acoustic return from the sea floor from the multibeam system, is a function of the properties of the surficial sediments and of the bottom roughness. Generally, a strong return (light gray tones) is associated with rock or coarse-grained sediment, and a weak return (dark gray tones) with fine-grained sediments. However, the micro-topography, such as ripples, burrows, and benthic populations also affect the reflectivity of the sea floor. Direct observations, using bottom photography or video, and surface samples, are needed to verify interpretations of the backscatter intensity data. The backscatter data have a weak striping that runs parallel to the ship´s track. Some of the striping is the result of poor data return at nadir that appears as evenly-spaced thin speckled lines. Some striping is also due to critical angle effects, where the intensity of return varies as a function of the angle of incidence of the incoming sound on the seafloor (Hughes-Clark and others, 1997).
- Hars1996Mos.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing backscatter intensity. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1996. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Hars1998Mos.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing backscatter intensity. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1998. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Hars2000Mos.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing backscatter intensity. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 2000. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- hars96bsgrd
(ArcView/Arcinfo grid)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution grid representing backscatter intensity. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1996.
- hars98bsgrd
(ArcView/Arcinfo grid)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution grid representing backscatter intensity. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1998.
- hars00bsgrd
(ArcView/Arcinfo grid)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution grid representing backscatter intensity. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 2000.
- Pseudocolored Backscatter Intensity
(remote-sensing image)
-
The backscatter intensity is combined with the topography to display the distribution of intensity in relation to the topography. In the image shown here, the backscatter intensity is represented by a suite of eight colors ranging from blue, which represents low intensity, to red, which represents high intensity. These data are draped over a shaded relief image created by vertically exaggerating the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the relief by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from an azimuth of 350 degrees. The resulting image displays light and dark intensities within each color band that result from a feature's position with respect to the light source. For example, north-facing slopes, receiving strong illumination, show as a light intensity within a color band, whereas south-facing slopes, being in shadow, show as a dark intensity within a color band.
- Hars1996Pseudo.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing backscatter intensity with a RGB color scale. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1996. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Hars1998Pseudo.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing backscatter intensity with a RGB color scale. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 1998. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Hars1996Pseudo.tif
(remote-sensing image)
-
This is a 3 meter resolution tiff image representing backscatter intensity with a RGB color scale. It was compiled from multibeam echosounder data collected in 2000. There is a corresponding tiff world file for georeferencing purposes.
- Backscatter intensity difference grids
(raster digital data)
-
The difference grids were created in Arcview 3.2 utilizing the Spatial Analyst 1.0 extension. Backscatter intensity grids from two different years were opened and the younger grid was subtracted from the older grid.
- bs96_00ntc
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
The change in backscatter intensity between the 1996 and 2000 survey computed by subtracting the backscatter intensity in 2000 from the intensity in 1996 (negative values indicate increased backscatter in 2000 compared to 1996).
- bs96_98ntc
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
The change in backscatter intensity between the 1996 and 1998 survey computed by subtracting the backscatter intensity in 1998 from the intensity in 1996 (negative values indicate increased backscatter in 1998 compared to 1996).
- bs98_00ntc
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
The change in backscatter intensity between the 1998 and 2000 survey computed by subtracting the backscatter intensity in 2000 from the intensity in 1998 (negative values indicate increased backscatter in 2000 compared to 1998).
- Bathymetry difference grids
(raster digital data)
-
- bathy96_00ntc
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
The difference in topography between 1996 and 2000 computed by subtracting the water depths as measured in 2000 from the depths measured in 1996 (positive values indicate shallower water in 2000 compared to 1996).
- bathy96_98ntc
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
The difference in topography between 1996 and 1998 computed by subtracting the water depths as measured in 1998 from the depths measured in 1996 (positive values indicate shallower water in 1998 compared to 1996).
- bathy98_00ntc
(Arcview/Arcinfo grid)
-
The difference in topography between 1998 and 2000 computed by subtracting the water depths as measured in 2000 from the depths measured in 1998 (positive values indicate shallower water in 2000 compared to 1998).
- Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
- Who also contributed to the data set?
- To whom should users address questions about the data?
U. S. Geological Survey
c/o Bradford Butman
Oceanographer
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598
USA
508.548.8700x2212 (voice)
508-457-2309 (FAX)
bbutman@usgs.gov
- Hours_of_Service: 8 a.m. - 5 p.m.
The purpose of this project is to map the surficial geology of the sea floor of Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) and changes in surficial characteristics over time. The sea floor of the HARS, approximately 9 square nautical miles in area, is being remediated by placing at least a one-meter of clean dredged material on top of the existing surface sediments that exhibit varying degrees degradation resulting from previous disposal of dredged and other material. This GIS project presents multibeam and other data in a digital format for analysis and display by scientists, policy makers, managers and the general public. Comparison of the topography and backscatter intensity from the three surveys show changes in topography and surficial sediment properties resulting from placement of dredged material in 1996 and 1997 prior to designation of the HARS, as well as placement of material for remediation of the HARS. This study is carried out cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
- From what previous works were the data drawn?
- How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
- Date: 1996 (process 1 of 1)
-
(1) Data and acquisition processing at sea
After the echo sounder data
were logged onto the hard disk of the Sun workstation, a
suite of processing software developed by the Ocean
Mapping Group (www.omg.unb.ca/~jhc/SwathEd.html)
was used to correct for artifacts and errors that may have
been introduced during data collection. This software also
enhanced the corrected data by resolving beam pattern
and aspect ratio distortions and by imposing a linear
contrast stretch before it generated bathymetric and
sidescan sonar image mosaicks in a Mercator projection.
All data processing described here is initiated using Silicon
Graphics workstations as soon as each acquisition file is
closed by the Simrad Mermaid workstation (usually at the
end of each survey line). Additional
processing was done in the lab to correct for fluctuations in sea level during the survey and for artifacts in the
data files that were not corrected in the field (see below).
The processing and editing steps on board the ship were:
(A.) Demultiplex, or unravel, the acquired Simrad
data files using RT to generate separate files containing
navigation, depth soundings, sidescan sonar backscatter
values, and sound velocity information.
(B.) Automatically reject bad data
(autoRejectSoundings). For the multibeam soundings,
reject data outside expected depth ranges (operator's
decision based on nautical chart data); for navigation data,
reject fixes with poor GPS statistics.
(C.) Edit the navigation data on-screen using jview to
remove undesirable points, including turns at the ends of
survey lines.
(D.) Edit the multibeam soundings on-screen using
swathed to remove individual anomalous soundings.
(E). Merge tidal information and the corrected
navigation back (mergetide and mergenav) into the data
files. Tidal information was obtained from the NOAA
tide
server using tide station 8531680 located at Sandy Hook,
//www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/) Final tidal corrections were made in the lab using a different procedure (see below).
(F.) Map the bathymetric soundings from each
processed data file onto a Mercator grid using weigh_grid
with node spacings and scale selected by the operator.
(G.) Map the extracted sidescan sonar backscatter
values onto a digital mosaic using mos2 in the Mercator
projection at a scale selected by the user.
(H.) Using addSUN, generate bathymetric raster files
using the mapped grid node information to depict the depth
information in a shaded relief Mercator map. A Mercator
projection allows individual map areas to be joined edge to
edge when creating a composite image. The shaded relief
images were generated using a sun elevation angle of 45
degrees from an azimuth of 0 degrees, and a vertical
exaggeration of four times to emphasize seafloor features.
(I.) Generate a false colored image using mix_ci by
combining the bathymetric and backscatter raster mosaics
into a single image, also in the Mercator projection.
(2) Data processing and analysis
Processing in the lab included:
(A.) Removing sound refraction artifacts from the data (using the
refraction tool in swathed) due to insufficient sound velocity
profile information and varying water masses within the
study area.
(B.)The measured elevations were adjusted for fluctuations in sea level during the survey by subtracting tidal elevations predicted by a tidal model and low-frequency sea level observed at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sandy Hook tide station located at 40 degrees 28 minutes N., 74 degrees 0.6 minutes W. The tidal model utilized 9 constituents derived from a 4-month bottom pressure record obtained at Station A, located at 40 degrees 23.4 minutes N., 73 degrees 47.1 minutes W. in 38 m water depth about 2.7 km east of the HARS, during the winter of 1999-2000. An estimate of the error due to sea level remaining in the multibeam observations after the sea level correction is about 3 cm.
(C.)The difference grids were created in Arcview 3.2 utilizing the Spatial Analyst 1.0 extension. Backscatter intensity/Bathymetry grids from two different years were opened and the younger grid was subtracted from the older grid.
All mapped files are in the Mercator projection, having a
central longitude of -75 degrees West, a latitude of true scale of 40 degrees north
and the horizontal datum is WGS84. The vertical datum is mean lower low water.
Person who carried out this activity:
William Danforth
U.S. Geological Survey
Operational Geologist
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598
USA
508.548.8700x2274 (voice)
508.457.2310 (FAX)
bdanforth@usgs.gov
- Hours_of_Service: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST
- How well have the observations been checked?
No attributes are associated with these data.
- How accurate are the geographic locations?
These data were navigated with a Differential Global
Positioning System (DGPS); they are accurate to +/- 3
meters, horizontally.
- How accurate are the heights or depths?
These data have been corrected for vessel motion
(roll, pitch, heave, yaw) and tidal offsets, and referenced to
mean lower low water. The theoretical vertical resolution
of the Simrad EM-1000 multibeam echosounder is 1 % of
water depth; roughly 30 - 50 cm within the study area.
However, the working vertical resolution of the system, is
roughly +/- 50 cm.
- Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
These data are complete. No further processing and/or
modifications will be made to these data.
- How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
These data are logically consistent.
Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
- Access_Constraints:
-
These data were prepared by an agency of the United
States Government. Neither the United States Government
nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make
any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal
liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or
usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or
process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use
would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference
therein to any specific commercial product, process, or
service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or
otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its
endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United
States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and
opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily
state or reflect those of the United States Government or
any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by
the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by
the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related
materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any
such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the
USGS in the use of these data or related materials.
- Use_Constraints:
-
These data were prepared by an agency of the United
States Government. Neither the United States Government
nor any agency thereof, nor any of employees, make any
warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability
or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or
usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or
process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use
would not infringe privately rights. Reference therein to any
specific commercial product, process, or service by trade
name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not
necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by the United States
Government or any agency thereof. Any views and
opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily
state or reflect those of the United States Government or
any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by
the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by
the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related
materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any
such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the
USGS in the use of these data or related materials.
- Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 2)
Bradford Butman
U.S. Geological Survey
Oceanographer
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543-1598
USA
508.548.8700x2212 (voice)
508.457.2309 (FAX)
bbutman@usgs.gov
- Hours_of_Service: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST
- What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
- What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.
- How can I download or order the data?
- Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 2 of 2)
U.S. Geological Survey Information Services
Box 25286 Denver Federal Center
Denver, Colorado 80225-0046
USA
303.202.4700 (voice)
303.202.4188 (FAX)
- Hours_of_Service: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Mountain Time
- What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
- What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.
- How can I download or order the data?
- Dates:
- Last modified: 18-Jun-2001
- Metadata author:
-
Brad Butman
U.S. Geological Survey
Oceanographer
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598
508.548.8700x2212 (voice)
- Metadata standard:
- FGDCContent Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Generated by mp (URL: http://geology.usgs.gov/tools/metadata/tools/doc/mp.html) version 2.7.3 on Wed Nov 28 17:12:41 2001