Historic Area Remediation Site
Multibeam Data in ArcView GIS Format
This
DVD-ROM contains an ArcView Project file (HARS_GIS.apr located in the GiS Directory)
that presents the 1996, 1998, and 2000 multibeam observations from the Historic
Area Remediation Site, as well as other information, in GIS format. The GIS data comprise 750 MB and are not available online. To order the DVD Open-File Report 00-503, contact USGS Information Services. The surveys
were conducted November 23 - December 3, 1996, October 26 - November 11, 1998,
and April 6 - 30, 2000. For interpretations of the data, see the report and
figures on this DVD-ROM. This section contains information on how to open the
ArcView project file, a brief description of each view, a list of themes presented
in each view, and a description of each theme with links to additional metadata.
Opening
the HARS ArcView Project File
To use this project fully, you must
have ArcView 3.2 and Spatial Analyst installed on your PC. The ArcView project
file is a relative project file and may be run directly from the DVD-ROM. Open
the project file HARS_GIS.apr in the GIS Directory. The project may run faster
if copied to a hard drive of your choice.
Description
of Views in HARS_GIS.apr
The ArcView Project file
contains 6 views:
View
1: Location Map
View 2: HARS 1996 Survey
View 3: HARS 1998 Survey
View 4: HARS 2000 Survey
View 5: Bathymetry Difference
View 6: Backscatter Intensity Difference.
The themes
included in each view are listed below. The views are presented in a Mercator
projection on the WGS84 ellipsoid, using a latitude of true scale at 40°
N. and a central meridian of -75° W.
View
1: Location Map
This view shows the location of the Historic Area
Remediation Site (HARS) offshore of New York and New Jersey near the head of
the Hudson Shelf Valley. Themes in View 1 include:
Bathymetry contours
- regional (NOAA)
Bathymetry - shaded relief
Coast
HARS Boundary
Sea level stations
View 2: HARS 1996 Survey
This
view shows the boundaries of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) and the
bathymetry, shaded relief, backscatter intensity, and pseudo-colored backscatter
intensity data collected in 1996 with the multibeam echosounder system. Themes
in View 2 include:
Backscatter
Intensity (1996 survey)
Backscatter Intensity Grid (1996 survey)
Bathymetry - 3 m grid (1996 survey)
Bathymetry - 12 m grid (1996 survey)
Bathymetry - 12 m grid smoothed 12x12
(1996 survey)
Bathymetric Contours - 1 m interval (1996 survey)
Bathymetric Contours - 5 m interval (1996 survey)
Cellar Dirt Disposal Site
HARS Boundary
HARS Buffer Zone
HARS No Discharge Zone
HARS Primary Remediation Area
HARS PRA Cells #1-9
Mud Dump Site
Pseudocolored Backscatter Intensity
(1996 survey)
Sediment texture (1993 - 1996)
Shaded Relief (1996 survey)
View
3: HARS 1998 Survey
This
view shows the boundaries of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) and the
bathymetry, shaded relief, backscatter intensity, and pseudo-colored backscatter
intensity data collected in 1998 with the multibeam echosounder system. Themes
in View 3 include:
Backscatter
Intensity (1998 survey)
Backscatter Intensity Grid
(1998 survey)
Bathymetry - 3 m grid (1998 survey)
Bathymetry - 12 m grid (1998 survey)
Bathymetry - 12 m grid smoothed
12x12 (1998 survey)
Bathymetric Contours - 1 m interval
(1998 survey)
Bathymetric Contours - 5 m interval
(1998 survey)
Cellar Dirt Disposal Site
HARS Boundary
HARS Buffer Zone
HARS No Discharge Zone
HARS Primary Remediation Area
HARSPRA Cells #1-9
Material Placement (2/18/97 -
4/14/98)
Mud Dump Site
Pseudocolored Backscatter Intensity
(1998 survey)
Sand Capping Tracklines
Sediment texture 1998
Shaded Relief (1998 survey)
View
4: HARS 2000 Survey
This
view shows the boundaries of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) and the
bathymetry, shaded relief, backscatter intensity, and pseudo-colored backscatter
intensity data collected in 2000 with the multibeam echosounder system . Themes
in View 4 include:
Backscatter
Intensity (2000 survey)
Backscatter Intensity Grid (2000
survey)
Bathymetry - 3 m grid (2000 survey)
Bathymetry - 12 m grid (2000 survey)
Bathymetry - 12 m grid smoothed
12x12 (2000 survey)
Bathymetric Contours - 1 m interval
(2000 survey)
Bathymetric Contours - 5 m interval
(2000 survey)
Cellar Dirt Disposal Site
HARS Boundary
HARS Buffer Zone
HARS No Discharge Zone
HARS Primary Remediation Area
HARSPRA Cells #1-9
Material Placement (11/17/98
- 4/20/2000)
Mud Dump Site
Pseudocolored Backscatter Intensity
(2000 survey)
Shaded Relief (2000 survey)
View 5: Bathymetry Difference Between Surveys
This
view shows the boundaries of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) and the
difference in bathymetry between 1996 and 1998, 1998 and 2000, and between 1996
and 2000. Themes in View 5 include:
Bathymetry
Difference Grid (1996 minus 1998)
Bathymetry Difference Grid (1998
minus 2000)
Bathymetry Difference Grid (1996
minus 2000)
Cellar Dirt Disposal Site
Disposal Area 1
Disposal Area 2
Disposal Area 3
Disposal Area 4
Disposal Area 5
Disposal Area 6
Disposal Area 7
Disposal Area 8
HARS Boundary
HARS Buffer Zone
HARS No Discharge Zone
HARS Primary Remediation Area
HARSPRA Cells #1-9
Material Placement (2/18/97 -
4/14/98)
Material Placement (11/17/98
- 4/20/2000)
Mud Dump Site
Sand Capping Tracklines
View
6: Backscatter Intensity Difference Between Surveys
This
view shows the boundaries of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) and the
difference in backscatter intensity between 1996 and 1998, 1998 and 2000, and
between 1996 and 2000. Themes in View 6 include:
Backscatter
Intensity Grid (1996 survey)
Backscatter Intensity Grid (1998 survey)
Backscatter Intensity Grid (2000 survey)
Backscatter Intensity Difference
Grid (1996 minus 1998)
Backscatter Intensity Difference
Grid (1998 minus 2000)
Backscatter Intensity Difference
Grid (1996 minus 2000)
Cellar Dirt Disposal Site
Disposal Area 1
Disposal Area 2
Disposal Area 3
Disposal Area 4
Disposal Area 5
Disposal Area 6
Disposal Area 7
Disposal Area 8
HARS Boundary
HARS Buffer Zone
HARS No Discharge Zone
HARS Primary Remediation Area
HARSPRA Cells #1-9
Material Placement (2/18/97 -
4/14/98)
Material Placement (11/17/98
- 4/20/2000)
Mud Dump Site
Pseudocolored Backscatter Intensity
(1996 survey)
Pseudocolored Backscatter Intensity
(1998 survey)
Pseudocolored Backscatter Intensity
(2000 survey)
Sand Capping Tracklines
Description of Themes in HARS GIS (in alphabetical order)
Backscatter
Intensity (1996 survey)
Description: Backscatter intensity, the intensity of the acoustic return from
the sea floor from the multibeam system, is a measure of the properties of the
surficial sediments and of the bottom roughness. Generally, a strong return
(light gray tones) is associated with rock or coarse-grained sediment, and a
weak return (dark gray tones) with fine-grained sediments. However, the micro-topography,
such as ripples, burrows, and benthic populations also affect the reflectivity
of the sea floor. Direct observations, using bottom photography or video, and
surface samples, are needed to verify interpretations of the backscatter intensity
data. The backscatter data have a weak striping that runs parallel to the ship's
track. Some of the striping is the result of poor data return at nadir that
appears as evenly-spaced thin speckled lines. Some striping is also due to critical
angle effects, where the intensity of return varies as a function of the angle
of incidence of the incoming sound on the seafloor (Hughes-Clark and others,
1997).
Backscatter
Intensity (1998 survey)
Description: Backscatter intensity, the intensity of the acoustic return from
the sea floor from the multibeam system, is a measure of the properties of the
surficial sediments and of the bottom roughness. Generally, a strong return
(light gray tones) is associated with rock or coarse-grained sediment, and a
weak return (dark gray tones) with fine-grained sediments. However, the micro-topography,
such as ripples, burrows, and benthic populations also affect the reflectivity
of the sea floor. Direct observations, using bottom photography or video, and
surface samples, are needed to verify interpretations of the backscatter intensity
data. The backscatter data have a weak striping that runs parallel to the ship's
track. Some of the striping is the result of poor data return at nadir that
appears as evenly-spaced thin speckled lines. Some striping is also due to critical
angle effects, where the intensity of return varies as a function of the angle
of incidence of the incoming sound on the seafloor (Hughes-Clark and others,
1997).
Backscatter
Intensity (2000 survey)
Description: Backscatter intensity, the intensity of the acoustic return from
the sea floor from the multibeam system, is a measure of the properties of the
surficial sediments and of the bottom roughness. Generally, a strong return
(light gray tones) is associated with rock or coarse-grained sediment, and a
weak return (dark gray tones) with fine-grained sediments. However, the micro-topography,
such as ripples, burrows, and benthic populations also affect the reflectivity
of the sea floor. Direct observations, using bottom photography or video, and
surface samples, are needed to verify interpretations of the backscatter intensity
data. The backscatter data have a weak striping that runs parallel to the ship's
track. Some of the striping is the result of poor data return at nadir that
appears as evenly-spaced thin speckled lines. Some striping is also due to critical
angle effects, where the intensity of return varies as a function of the angle
of incidence of the incoming sound on the seafloor (Hughes-Clark and others,
1997).
Backscatter
Intensity Difference Grid (1996 minus 1998)
Description: The change in backscatter intensity between the 1996 and 1998 survey
computed by subtracting the backscatter intensity in 1998 from the intensity
in 1996 (negative values indicate increased backscatter in 1998 compared to
1996).
Backscatter
Intensity Difference Grid (1998 minus 2000)
Description: The change in backscatter intensity between the 1998 and 2000 survey
computed by subtracting the backscatter intensity in 2000 from the intensity
in 1998 (negative values indicate increased backscatter in 2000 compared to
1998).
Backscatter
Intensity Difference Grid (1996 minus 2000)
Description: The change in backscatter intensity between the 1996 and 2000 survey
computed by subtracting the backscatter intensity in 2000 from the intensity
in 1996 (negative values indicate increased backscatter in 2000 compared to
1996).
Backscatter
Intensity Grid (1996 survey)
Description: Backscatter intensity from 1996 multibeam survey gridded at 3 m.
Backscatter
Intensity Grid (1998 survey)
Description: Backscatter intensity from 1998 multibeam survey gridded at 3 m.
Backscatter
Intensity Grid (2000 survey)
Description: Backscatter intensity from 1998 multibeam survey gridded at 3 m.
Bathymetry contours- regional (NOAA)
Description: Selected bathymetric contours of the New York Bight based on historical observations. These data were compiled from all historical data and gridded at 90 m spatial resolution. Contours produced in ArcView .
Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coastal Relief Model.
Reference: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/coastal/coastal.html
Bathymetry - shaded relief
Description: Color-coded bathymetry draped over shaded relief. The shaded relief image was created by vertically exaggerating the topography 100 times and then artificially illuminating the relief by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from the north. In the resulting image, topographic features are enhanced by strong illumination on the northward-facing slopes and by shadows cast on southern slopes. The bathymetric data used to make this image were compiled from all historical data and gridded at 90 m spatial resolution .
Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coastal Relief Model.
Reference: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/coastal/coastal.html
Bathymetry
- 3 m grid (1996 survey)
Description: Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam survey gridded at 3 m.
Bathymetry
- 3 m grid (1998 survey)
Description: Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam survey gridded at 3 m.
Bathymetry
- 3 m grid (2000 survey)
Description: Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam survey gridded at 3 m.
Bathymetry
- 12 m grid (1996 survey)
Description: Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam survey gridded at 12
m.
Bathymetry
- 12 m grid (1998 survey)
Description: Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam survey gridded at 12
m.
Bathymetry
- 12 m grid (2000 survey)
Description: Bathymetric soundings from 1996 multibeam survey gridded at 12
m.
Bathymetry
- 12 m grid smoothed (1996 survey)
Description: Smoothed bathymetric soundings at 12 m resolution from 1996 multibeam
survey. Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by
12-cell (144 m by 144 m>) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine
(ARC/INFO geographic information system software, Environmental Systems Research
Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
Bathymetry
- 12 m grid smoothed (1998 survey)
Description: Smoothed bathymetric soundings at 12 m resolution from 1996 multibeam
survey. Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by
12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine
(ARC/INFO geographic information system software, Environmental Systems Research
Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
Bathymetry
-12 m grid smoothed (2000 survey)
Description: Smoothed bathymetric soundings at 12 m resolution from 1996 multibeam
survey. Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by
12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine
(ARC/INFO geographic information system software, Environmental Systems Research
Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
Bathymetric
Contours - 1 m interval (1996 survey)
Description: Bathymetric contours at 1 m intervals based on smoothed multibeam
observations. Bathymetric data were contoured using ARC/INFO geographic information
system software (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by 12-cell
(144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine. Topographic
contours at a 1-meter interval were generated from the grid using the "latticecontour"
routine.
Bathymetric
Contours - 1 m interval (1998 survey)
Description: Bathymetric contours at 1 m intervals based on smoothed multibeam
observations. Bathymetric data were contoured using ARC/INFO geographic information
system software (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by 12-cell
(144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine. Topographic
contours at a 1-meter interval were generated from the grid using the "latticecontour"
routine.
Bathymetric
Contours - 1 m interval (2000 survey)
Description: Bathymetric contours at 1 m intervals based on smoothed multibeam
observations. Bathymetric data were contoured using ARC/INFO geographic information
system software (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., version 7.2.1).
Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell by 12-cell
(144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine. Topographic
contours at a 1-meter interval were generated from the grid using the "latticecontour"
routine.
Bathymetric
Contours - 5 m interval (1996 survey)
Description: Bathymetric contours at 5 m intervals derived from smoothed multibeam
observations. The bathymetric data were contoured using ARC/INFO geographic
information system software (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.,
version 7.2.1). Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell
by 12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine.
Topographic contours at a 1-meter interval were generated from the grid using
the "latticecontour" routine.
Bathymetric
Contours - 5 m interval (1998 survey)
Description: Bathymetric contours at 5 m intervals derived from smoothed multibeam
observations. The bathymetric data were contoured using ARC/INFO geographic
information system software (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.,
version 7.2.1). Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell
by 12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine.
Topographic contours at a 1-meter interval were generated from the grid using
the "latticecontour" routine.
Bathymetric
Contours - 5 m interval (2000 survey)
Description: Bathymetric contours at 5 m intervals derived from smoothed multibeam
observations. The bathymetric data were contoured using ARC/INFO geographic
information system software (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.,
version 7.2.1). Smoothing of the bathymetric data was accomplished using a 12-cell
by 12-cell (144 m by 144 m) median filter with the "focalmedian" routine.
Topographic contours at a 1-meter interval were generated from the grid using
the "latticecontour" routine.
Bathymetry
Difference Grid (1996 minus 1998)
Description: The difference in topography between 1996 and 1998 computed by
subtracting the water depths as measured in 1998 from the depths measured in
1996 (positive values indicate shallower water in 1998 compared to 1996).
Bathymetry
Difference Grid (1998 minus 2000)
Description: The difference in topography between 1998 and 2000 computed by
subtracting the water depths as measured in 2000 from the depths measured in
1998 (positive values indicate shallower water in 2000 compared to 1998).
Bathymetry
Difference Grid (1996 minus 2000)
Description: The difference in topography between 1996 and 2000 computed by
subtracting the water depths as measured in 2000 from the depths measured in
1996 (positive values indicate shallower water in 2000 compared to 1996).
Cellar
Dirt Disposal Site
Description: Boundary of the Cellar Dirt Disposal Site.
Reference: Massa, A.A., Vicario, M. Del, Pabst, D., Pechko, P., Lechich, A.,
Stern, E.A., Dieterich, R., and May, B., 1996, Disposal of wastes and dredged
sediments in the New York Bight: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences,
v. 18, no. 4, p. 265-285.
Coast
Description: Medium resolution coastline.
Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Reference: Coastline extracted from NOAA's Medium Resolution Shoreline using Coastline Extractor at http://rimmer.ngdc.noaa.gov/coast/getcoast.html.
Disposal
Area 1
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
placement in Area 1, which took place between February 1997 and April 1998,
the plotted locations are the position of the tug towing the scow when disposal
began, not the position of the scow carrying the material. See Table 1 for number
of disposal events, and the volume, source and texture of material placed in
Area 1.
Disposal
Area 2
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
placement in Area 2, which took place between February 1997 and April 1998,
the plotted locations are the position of the tug towing the scow when disposal
began, not the position of the scow carrying the material. See Table 1 for number
of disposal events, and the volume, source and texture of material placed in
Area 2.
Disposal
Area 3
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
placement in Area 3, which took place between February 1997 and April 1998,
the plotted locations are the position of the tug towing the scow when disposal
began, not the position of the scow carrying the material. See Table 1 for number
of disposal events, and the volume, source and texture of material placed in
Area 3.
Disposal
Area 4
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
placement in Area 4, which took place between February 1997 and April 1998,
the plotted locations are the position of the tug towing the scow when disposal
began, not the position of the scow carrying the material. See Table 1 for number
of disposal events, and the volume, source and texture of material placed in
Area 4.
Disposal
Area 5
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
placement in Area 5, which took place between February 1997 and April 1998,
the plotted locations are the position of the tug towing the scow when disposal
began, not the position of the scow carrying the material. See Table 1 for number
of disposal events, and the volume, source and texture of material placed in
Area 5.
Disposal
Area 6
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
the material placed in Area 6 between February 1997 and April 1998, the plotted
locations are the position of the tug towing the scow when disposal began, not
the position of the scow carrying the material. For the material placed in Area
6 between November 1998 and April 2000, the placement location was determined
by an automated tracking system installed on the scow (SAIC, 1998). The plotted
locations indicate the position of the scow when placement began. See Table 1 for number of disposal events, and the volume, source and texture of material
placed in Area 6.
Disposal
Area 7
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
the material placed in Area 7 between November 1998 and April 2000, the placement
location was determined by an automated tracking system installed on the scow
(SAIC, 1998). The plotted locations indicate the position of the scow when placement
began. See Table 1 for number of disposal events, and the volume, source and
texture of material placed in Area 7.
Disposal
Area 8
Description: Between November 1996 and April 2000 dredge and capping material
consisting of a heterogeneous mix of sediment types were placed in the Mud Dump
Site and within the Primary Remediation Area of the HARS. Based on records from
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, disposal was clustered in eight areas. For
the material placed in Area 8 between November 1998 and April 2000, the placement
location was determined by an automated tracking system installed on the scow
(SAIC, 1998). The plotted locations indicate the position of the scow when placement
began. See Table 1 for number of disposal events, and the volume, source and
texture of material placed in Area 8.
HARS
Boundary
Description: Boundary of the Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS)
Source: EPA , Office of Water, Ocean Dumping Sites Designated on Final Basis
Reference: http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/sites/grandlst.html#Historical Area
Remediation Site (HARS)
HARS
Buffer Zone
Description: Boundary of the Buffer Zone within the Historic Area Remediation
Site (HARS). No placement of material may take place within the Buffer Zone,
although this zone may receive material that incidentally spreads out of the
PRA. The Buffer Zone is an approximately 5.7 square nautical mile area (0.27
nautical mile wide band around the Primary Remediation Area).
Source: EPA , Office of Water, Ocean Dumping Sites Designated on Final Basis
Reference: http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/sites/grandlst.html#Historical Area
Remediation Site (HARS)
HARS
No Discharge Zone
Description: Boundary of the No Discharge Zone, within the Historic Area Remediation
Site (HARS). No placement or incidental spread of the material is allowed within
the NO Discharge Zone, an approximately 1.0 square nautical mile area.
Source: EPA , Office of Water, Ocean Dumping Sites Designated on Final Basis
Reference: http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/sites/grandlst.html#Historical Area
Remediation Site (HARS)
HARS
Primary Remediation Area
Description: The Primary Remediation Area, within the Historic Area Remediation
Site (HARS) is a 9.0 square nautical mile area to be remediated with at least
a 1 meter cap of the Material for Remediation.
Source: EPA , Office of Water, Ocean Dumping Sites Designated on Final Basis
Reference: http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/sites/grandlst.html#Historical Area
Remediation Site (HARS)
HARS
PRA Cells #1-9
Description: Boundary of the Primary Remediation Area cells 1-9 within the Historic
Area Remediation Site (HARS).
Source: EPA , Office of Water, Ocean Dumping Sites Designated on Final Basis
Reference: http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/sites/grandlst.html#Historical Area
Remediation Site (HARS)
Material
Placement (2/18/97 - 4/14/98)
Description: Location of material placement between 2/18/97 and 4/14/98 (following
the November 1996 multibeam survey of the HARS and before the October 1998 multibeam
survey of the HARS).
Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Material
Placement (11/17/98 - 4/20/2000)
Description: Location of material placement between 11/17/98 - 4/20/2000 (following
October 1998 multibeam survey of the HARS and before the April 2000 multibeam
survey of the HARS). During April, only the locations where placement occurred
after the area was surveyed are shown.
Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Mud
Dump Site
Description: Boundary of the Mud Dump Site.
Reference: Massa, A.A., Vicario, M. Del, Pabst, D., Pechko, P., Lechich, A.,
Stern, E.A., Dieterich, R., and May, B., 1996, Disposal of wastes and dredged
sediments in the New York Bight: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences,
v. 18, no. 4, p. 265-285.
Pseudocolored
Backscatter Intensity (1996 survey)
Description: The backscatter intensity is combined with the topography to display
the distribution of intensity in relation to the topography. In the image shown
here, the backscatter intensity is represented by a suite of eight colors ranging
from blue, which represents low intensity, to red, which represents high intensity.
These data are draped over a shaded relief image created by vertically exaggerating
the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the relief by a
light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from an azimuth of 350
degrees. The resulting image displays light and dark intensities within each
color band that result from a feature's position with respect to the light source.
For example, north-facing slopes, receiving strong illumination, show as a light
intensity within a color band, whereas south-facing slopes, being in shadow,
show as a dark intensity within a color band.
Pseudocolored
Backscatter Intensity (1998 survey)
Description: The backscatter intensity is combined with the topography to display
the distribution of intensity in relation to the topography. In the image shown
here, the backscatter intensity is represented by a suite of eight colors ranging
from blue, which represents low intensity, to red, which represents high intensity.
These data are draped over a shaded relief image created by vertically exaggerating
the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the relief by a
light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from an azimuth of 350
degrees. The resulting image displays light and dark intensities within each
color band that result from a feature's position with respect to the light source.
For example, north-facing slopes, receiving strong illumination, show as a light
intensity within a color band, whereas south-facing slopes, being in shadow,
show as a dark intensity within a color band.
Pseudocolored
Backscatter Intensity (2000 survey)
Description: The backscatter intensity is combined with the topography to display
the distribution of intensity in relation to the topography. In the image shown
here, the backscatter intensity is represented by a suite of eight colors ranging
from blue, which represents low intensity, to red, which represents high intensity.
These data are draped over a shaded relief image created by vertically exaggerating
the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the relief by a
light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from an azimuth of 350
degrees. The resulting image displays light and dark intensities within each
color band that result from a feature's position with respect to the light source.
For example, north-facing slopes, receiving strong illumination, show as a light
intensity within a color band, whereas south-facing slopes, being in shadow,
show as a dark intensity within a color band.
Sand
Capping Tracklines
Description: Tracklines showing the position of the tug as capping material
was released from the scow. This area was covered with a minimum of one meter
of sand (approximately 2.4 million cubic yards or 1.83 million cubic meters)
dredged from the Ambrose entrance channel to New York harbor. This sand was
slowly released from scows and/or hopper dredges along ship tracks oriented
north to south. Capping was completed in February 1998.
Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Sea Level Stations
Description: Sea level measured at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sandy Hook tide station (Sandy Hook) and at Station A were used to adjust the measured water depths for fluctuations in sea level during the survey
Sediment
texture 1996
Description: Percent gravel, sand, silt and clay, based on analysis of upper
2 cm of grab samples collected between 1993 and 1996. Table also includes Phi
classes. Analysis carried out according to the methods described in Poppe (below).
Source: This report
Reference: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/cdroms/ofr00-358/
Sediment
texture 1998
Description: Percent gravel, sand, silt and clay, based on analysis of upper
2 cm of grab samples obtained in 1998. Table also includes Phi classes. Analysis
carried out according to the methods described in Poppe (below).
Source: This report
Reference: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/cdroms/ofr00-358/
Shaded
Relief (1996 survey)
Description: The shaded relief image (3 m pixel size) was created by vertically
exaggerating the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the
relief by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from the north.
In the resulting image, topographic features are enhanced by strong illumination
on the northward-facing slopes and by shadows cast on southern slopes. The image
also accentuates small features (relief of a few meters) that could not be effectively
shown as contours alone at this scale. Unnatural-looking features or patterns
oriented parallel or perpendicular to survey tracklines (tracklines run north-south)
are artifacts of data collection and environmental conditions.
Shaded
Relief (1998 survey)
Description: The shaded relief image (3 m pixel size) was created by vertically
exaggerating the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the
relief by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from the north.
In the resulting image, topographic features are enhanced by strong illumination
on the northward-facing slopes and by shadows cast on southern slopes. The image
also accentuates small features (relief of a few meters) that could not be effectively
shown as contours alone at this scale. Unnatural-looking features or patterns
oriented parallel or perpendicular to survey tracklines (tracklines run north-south)
are artifacts of data collection and environmental conditions.
Shaded
Relief (2000 survey)
Description: The shaded relief image (3 m pixel size) was created by vertically
exaggerating the topography four times and then artificially illuminating the
relief by a light source positioned 45 degrees above the horizon from the north.
In the resulting image, topographic features are enhanced by strong illumination
on the northward-facing slopes and by shadows cast on southern slopes. The image
also accentuates small features (relief of a few meters) that could not be effectively
shown as contours alone at this scale. Unnatural-looking features or patterns
oriented parallel or perpendicular to survey tracklines (tracklines run north-south)
are artifacts of data collection and environmental conditions.
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