Approaches to simulating the “March of Bricks and Mortar”
Noah Charles Goldstein, J.T. Candau, K.C. Clarke
2004, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems (28) 125-147
Re-creation of the extent of urban land use at different periods in time is valuable for examining how cities grow and how policy changes influence urban dynamics. To date, there has been little focus on the modeling of historical urban extent (other than for ancient cities). Instead, current modeling research...
Vital signs monitoring plan for the Klamath Network: Phase I report
Daniel Sarr, Dennis Odion, Robert E. Truitt, Erik A. Beever, Sarah Shafer, Andrew Duff, Sean B. Smith, Windy Bunn, Judy Rocchio, Eli Sarnat, John Alexander, Steve Jessup
2004, Report
This report chronicles the Phase 1 stage of the vital signs monitoring program for the Klamath Network. It consists of two chapters and eleven appendixes. The purposes of Chapter One are to 1) describe the network administrative structure and approach to planning; 2) introduce the Klamath Network parks, their resources,...
Pattern detection in stream networks: Quantifying spatial variability in fish distribution
Christian E. Torgersen, Robert E. Gresswell, Douglas S. Bateman
2004, Conference Paper
Biological and physical properties of rivers and streams are inherently difficult to sample and visualize at the resolution and extent necessary to detect fine-scale distributional patterns over large areas. Satellite imagery and broad-scale fish survey methods are effective for quantifying spatial variability in biological and physical variables over a range...
Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations: Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2003
Charles C. Schwartz, Mark A. Haroldson, editor(s)
2004, Report
The contents of this Annual Report summarize results of monitoring and research from the 2003 field season. The report also contains a summary of nuisance grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) management actions. The study team continues to work on issues associated with counts of unduplicated females with cubs-of-the-year (COY). These counts...
Geospatial techniques for developing a sampling frame of watersheds across a region
Robert E. Gresswell, Douglas S. Bateman, George Lienkaemper, T.J. Guy
2004, Conference Paper
Current land-management decisions that affect the persistence of native salmonids are often influenced by studies of individual sites that are selected based on judgment and convenience. Although this approach is useful for some purposes, extrapolating results to areas that were not sampled is statistically inappropriate because the sampling design is...
Integrating association data and disease dynamics: an illustration using African Buffalo in Kruger National Park
Paul C. Cross, James O. Lloyd-Smith, Justin A. Bowers, Craig T. Hay, Markus Hofmeyr, Wayne M. Getz
2004, Annales Zoologici Fennici (41) 879-892
Recognition is a prerequisite for non-random association amongst individuals. We explore how non-random association patterns (i.e. who spends time with whom) affect disease dynamics. We estimated the amount of time individuals spent together per month using radio-tracking data from African buffalo and incorporated these data into a dynamic social network...
Forecasting for natural avalanches during spring opening of Going-to-the-Sun Road, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA
Blase Reardon, Chris Lundy
2004, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2004 International Snow Science Workshop, Jackson Hole, Wyoming
The annual spring opening of the Going-to-the-Sun Road in Glacier National Park presents a unique avalanche forecasting challenge. The highway traverses dozens of avalanche paths mid-track in a 23-kilometer section that crosses the Continental Divide. Workers removing seasonal snow and avalanche debris are exposed to paths that can produce avalanches...
Modeling survival: application of the Andersen-Gill model to Yellowstone grizzly bears
Christopher J. Johnson, Mark S. Boyce, Charles C. Schwartz, Mark A. Haroldson
2004, Journal of Wildlife Management (68) 966-978
Wildlife ecologists often use the Kaplan-Meier procedure or Cox proportional hazards model to estimate survival rates, distributions, and magnitude of risk factors. The Andersen-Gill formulation (A-G) of the Cox proportional hazards model has seen limited application to mark-resight data but has a number of advantages, including the ability to accommodate...
What limits the Serengeti zebra population?
Sophie Grange, Patrick Duncan, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Anthony R.E. Sinclair, Peter J. Gogan, Craig Packer, Heribert Hofer, East Marion
2004, Oecologia (140) 523-532
The populations of the ecologically dominant ungulates in the Serengeti ecosystem (zebra, wildebeest and buffalo) have shown markedly different trends since the 1960s: the two ruminants both irrupted after the elimination of rinderpest in 1960, while the zebras have remained stable. The ruminants are resource limited (though parts of the...
Late Quaternary evolution of channel and lobe complexes of Monterey Fan
Andrea Fildani, William R. Normark
2004, Marine Geology (206) 199-223
The modern Monterey submarine fan, one of the largest deep-water deposits off the western US, is composed of two major turbidite systems: the Neogene Lower Turbidite System (LTS) and the late Quarternary Upper Turbidite System (UTS). The areally extensive LTS is a distal deposit with low-relief, poorly defined channels,...
Holocene reef accretion: southwest Molokai, Hawaii, U.S.A.
Mary S. Engels, Charles H. Fletcher III, Michael E. Field, Curt D. Storlazzi, Eric E. Grossman, John J.B. Rooney, Christopher L. Conger, Craig Glenn
2004, Journal of Sedimentary Research (74) 255-269
Two reef systems off south Molokai, Hale O Lono and Hikauhi (separated by only 10 km), show strong and fundamental differences in modern ecosystem structure and Holocene accretion history that reflect the influence of wave-induced near-bed shear stresses on reef development in Hawaii. Both sites are exposed to similar impacts...
The Colorado Plateau: cultural, biological, and physical research
Kenneth L. Cole
Charles van Riper III, editor(s)
2004, Book
Stretching from the four corners of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah, the Colorado Plateau is a natural laboratory for a wide range of studies. This volume presents 23 original articles drawn from more than 100 research projects presented at the Sixth Biennial Conference of Research on the Colorado Plateau....
Overview: Cross-habitat flux of nutrients and detritus
M.J. Vanni, D.L. DeAngelis, D.E. Schindler, G.R. Huxel
G.A. Polis, M.E. Power, G.R. Huxel, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Food Webs at the Landscape Level
Ecologists have long known that all ecosystems receive considerable quantities of materials from outside their boundaries (e.g., Elton 1927), and quantifying the magnitude of such fluxes has long been a central tenet of ecosystem ecology (e.g., Odum 1971). Thus, one might think that the consequences of such fluxes for food...
International heat flow commission celebrates 40 years
Vladimir Cermak, W.H.K. Lee
2004, Eos, Earth and Space Science News (85) 13-19
The outflow of heat from the Earth's interior is, in terms of energy, the most impressive terrestrial phenomenon. Its present rate of about 1021 joules per year is order‐of‐magnitudes greater than the energy dissipation of earthquakes or heat loss from volcanic eruptions. The study of the Earth's internal heat plays...
Evaluating mallard adaptive management models with time series
P.B. Conn, W. L. Kendall
2004, Journal of Wildlife Management (68) 1065-1081
Wildlife practitioners concerned with midcontinent mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) management in the United States have instituted a system of adaptive harvest management (AHM) as an objective format for setting harvest regulations. Under the AHM paradigm, predictions from a set of models that reflect key uncertainties about processes underlying population dynamics are...
Designation of the type species of Musaraneus Pomel, 1848 (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae)
N. Woodman
2004, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (117) 266-270
The genus name Musaraneus often is attributed to Brisson (1762), however, most of Brisson's names are unavailable. Pomel (1848) subsequently made the name Musaraneus available, but did not designate a type species. The 18 species that Pomel listed under Musaraneus currently are distributed among five modern genera, two...
Summer diet of the Peregrine Falcon in faunistically rich and poor zones of Arizona analyzed with capture-recapture modeling
D. H. Ellis, Catherine H. Ellis, B.A. Sabo, A.M. Rea, J. Dawson, J.K. Fackler, C.T. LaRue, T.G. Grubb, J. Schmitt, D.G. Smith, M. Kery
2004, Condor (106) 873-886
We collected prey remains from 25 Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) territories across Arizona from 1977 to 1988 yielding 58 eyrie-years of data. Along with 793 individual birds (107 species and six additional genera), we found seven mammals and nine insects. In addition, two nestling peregrines were consumed. We found a...
Nest-site selection and hatching success of waterbirds in coastal Virginia: Some results of habitat manipulation
R.A. Rounds, R.M. Erwin, J.H. Porter
2004, Journal of Field Ornithology (75) 317-329
Rising sea levels in the mid-Atlantic region pose a long-term threat to marshes and their avian inhabitants. The Gull-billed Tern (Sterna nilotica), Common Tern (S. hirundo), Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger), and American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus), species of concern in Virginia, nest on low shelly perimeters of salt marsh islands on...
Demographic estimation methods for plants with dormancy
M. Kery, K.B. Gregg
2004, Animal Biodiversity and Conservation (27) 129-131
Demographic studies in plants appear simple because unlike animals, plants do not run away. Plant individuals can be marked with, e.g., plastic tags, but often the coordinates of an individual may be sufficient to identify it. Vascular plants in temperate latitudes have a pronounced seasonal life–cycle, so most plant demographers...
Coping with unobservable and mis-classified states in capture-recapture studies
W. L. Kendall
2004, Animal Biodiversity and Conservation (27) 97-107
Multistate mark-recapture methods provide an excellent conceptual framework for considering estimation in studies of marked animals. Traditional methods include the assumptions that (1) each state an animal occupies is observable, and (2) state is assigned correctly at each point in time. Failure of either of these assumptions can...
Influence of weather extremes on the water levels of glaciated prairie wetlands
W.C. Johnson, S.E. Boettcher, K.A. Poiani, G. Guntenspergen
2004, Wetlands (24) 385-398
Orchid Meadows is a long-term wetland research and monitoring site on the Coteau des Prairie in extreme east-central South Dakota, USA. It is a 65-ha Waterfowl Production Area with numerous temporary, seasonal, and semi-permanent wetlands. Ground water and surface water have been monitored at the site from 1987...
Movement behavior, dispersal, and the potential for localized management of deer in a suburban environment
W.F. Porter, H.B. Underwood, J.L. Woodard
2004, Journal of Wildlife Management (68) 247-256
We examined the potential for localized management of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to be successful by measuring movements, testing site fidelity, and modeling the effects of dispersal. Fifty-nine females were radiomarked and tracked during 1997 through 2000 in Irondequoit, New York, USA, a suburb of Rochester. We constructed home ranges...
How we can learn more about the Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea)
P.B. Hamel, D.K. Dawson, P.D. Keyser
2004, The Auk (121) 7-14
A sense of urgency attends the study of species of concern, like the Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea). Sharpened by Robbins et al. (1992) and Hamel (1992), such concern prompted the U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to commission a status assessment of the Cerulean Warbler (Hamel...
Effects of rearing treatment on the behavior of captive whooping cranes (Grus americana)
M.D. Kreger, I. Estevez, Jeff S. Hatfield, G.F. Gee
2004, Applied Animal Behaviour Science (89) 243-261
Small founder populations of whooping cranes are managed to maximize egg production for the purpose of reintroducing young to the wild. This results in an excessive number of hatched chicks that cannot be naturally reared by parents. Hand-rearing techniques have been developed to raise the additional hatches. However,...
On the estimation of dispersal and movement of birds
W. L. Kendall, J.D. Nichols
2004, Condor (106) 720-731
The estimation of dispersal and movement is important to evolutionary and population ecologists, as well as to wildlife managers. We review statistical methodology available to estimate movement probabilities. We begin with cases where individual birds can be marked and their movements estimated with the use of multisite capture-recapture...
