Geochemical evolution of Jurassic diorites from the Bristol Lake region, California, USA, and the role of assimilation
E.D. Young, J. L. Wooden, Y.-N. Shieh, D. Farber
1992, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (110) 68-86
Late Jurassic dioritic plutons from the Bristol Lake region of the eastern Mojave Desert share several geochemical attributes with high-alumina basalts, continental hawaiite basalts, and high-K are andesites including: high K2O concentrations; high Al2O3 (16-19 weight %); elevated Zr/TiO2; LREE (light-rare-earth-element) enrichment (La/YbCN=6.3-13.3); and high Nb. Pearce element ratio analysis...
Volcán Quizapu, Chilean Andes
Wes Hildreth, Robert E. Drake
1992, Bulletin of Volcanology (54) 93-125
Quizapu is a flank vent of the basalt-to-rhyodacite Holocene stratocone, Cerro Azul, and lies at the focus of a complex Quaternary volcanic field on the Andean volcanic front. The Quizapu vent originated in 1846 when 5 km3 of hornblende-dacite magma erupted effusively with little accompanying tephra....
The supply and demand for pollution control: Evidence from wastewater treatment
V.D. McConnell, G. E. Schwarz
1992, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management (23) 54-77
This paper analyzes the determination of pollution control from wastewater treatment plants as an economic decision facing local or regional regulators. Pollution control is measured by plant design effluent concentration levels and is fully endogenous in a supply- and-demand model of treatment choice. On the supply side, plant costs are...
Peat accumulation in coastal-plain mires: A model for coals of the Fruitland Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of southern Colorado, USA
Roberts L. N. Robinson, P.J. McCabe
1992, International Journal of Coal Geology (21) 115-138
In the northwestern part of the San Juan basin, Colorado, thick high-volatile B bituminous coal deposits in the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland Formation are associated with nearshore marine sandstones of the Pictured Cliffs Sandstone. Detailed work along the outcrop and examination of...
Electromagnetic methods for mapping freshwater lenses on Micronesian atoll islands
S. S. Anthony
1992, Journal of Hydrology (137) 99-111
The overall shape of freshwater lenses can be determined by applying electromagnetic methods and inverse layered-earth modeling to the mapping of atoll island freshwater lenses. Conductivity profiles were run across the width of the inhabited islands at Mwoakilloa, Pingelap, and Sapwuahfik atolls of the Pohnpei State, Federated States...
Effects of climatic change and climatic variability on the Thornthwaite moisture index in the Delaware River basin
G. J. McCabe Jr., D.M. Wolock
1992, Climatic Change (20) 143-153
The Thornthwaite moisture index is useful as an indicator of the supply of water in an area relative to the demand under prevailing climatic conditions. This study examines the effects of long-term changes in climate (temperature and precipitation) on the Thornthwaite moisture index in the Delaware River basin. Temperature and...
Thermal maturity patterns of Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks, San Juan Basin, Colorado and New Mexico
B. E. Law
1992, Geological Society of America Bulletin (104) 192-207
Horizontal and vertical thermal maturity patterns and time-temperature modeling of Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks in the San Juan Basin of southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico indicate that the high levels of thermal maturity in the northern part of the basin are due...
Differentiation and magma mixing on Kilauea's east rift zone - A further look at the eruptions of 1955 and 1960. Part I. The late 1955 lavas
Rosalind Tuthill Helz, T. L. Wright
1992, Bulletin of Volcanology (54) 361-384
The lavas of the 1955 east rift eruption of Kilauea Volcano have been the object of considerable petrologic interest for two reasons. First, the early 1955 lavas are among the most differentiated ever erupted at Kilauea, and second, the petrographic character and chemical composition of the lava being erupted changed...
Energy budgets and resistances to energy transport in sparsely vegetated rangeland
William D. Nichols
1992, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (60) 221-247
Partitioning available energy between plants and bare soil in sparsely vegetated rangelands will allow hydrologists and others to gain a greater understanding of water use by native vegetation, especially phreatophytes. Standard methods of conducting energy budget studies result in measurements of latent and sensible heat fluxes above the plant canopy...
Morphology and genesis of carbonate soils on the Kyle Canyon fan, Nevada, U.S.A.
M.C. Reheis, J.M. Sowers, E. M. Taylor, L. D. McFadden, J.W. Harden
1992, Geoderma (52) 303-342
The physical and chemical properties of soils formed in an arid climate on calcareous alluvium of the Kyle Canyon alluvial fan, southern Nevada, were studied in order to infer the rates and relative importance of various soil-forming processes. These studies included field and microscopic observations and analyses of thin sections,...
Effects of urban storm-runoff control on ground-water recharge in Nassau County, New York
Henry Ku, Nathan Hagelin, Herbert Buxton
1992, Groundwater (30) 507-514
Before urban development, most ground-water recharge on Long Island, New York, occurred during the dormant season, when evapotranspiration is low. The use of recharge basins for collection and disposal of urban storm runoff in Nassau County has enabled ground-water recharge to occur also during the...
Permian and early(?) Triassic radiolarian faunas from the Grindstone Terrane, central Oregon
C.D. Blome, K. M. Reed
1992, Journal of Paleontology (66) 351-383
Moderately well preserved Permian and Early(?) Triassic radiolarian faunas from sedimentary melange cherts of the Grindstone terrane in central Oregon are nearly identical to coeval chert faunas in Japan. Although several Oregon taxa have been reported from limestone sequences in the central United States, most of the Oregon forms have...
Study of salt transport processes in Delaware Bay
Roy Walters
1992, Conference Paper
The study described here is a subset of a broader climate-related study, and is focused primarily on salinity intrusion into Delaware Bay and River. Given changes in freshwater discharge into the Delaware River as determined from the larger study, and given probable sea level rise estimates, the purpose here is...
Mapping thermal maturity in the Chainman shale, near Eureka, Nevada, with Landsat Thematic Mapper images
Lawrence C. Rowan, Mark Pawlewicz, O. D. Jones
1992, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (76) 1008-1023
The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a correlation between measurements of organic matter (OM) maturity and laboratory measurements of visible and near-infrared spectral reflectance, and if Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images could be used to map maturity. The maturity of Mississippian Chainman Shale samples collected...
Lava-flow characterization at Pisgah Volcanic Field, California, with multiparameter imaging radar
Lisa R. Gaddis
1992, Geological Society of America Bulletin (104) 695-703
Multi-incidence-angle (in the 25° to 55° range) radar data acquired by the NASA/JPL Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) at three wavelengths simultaneously and displayed at three polarizations are examined for their utility in characterizing lava flows at Pisgah volcanic field, California. Pisgah lava flows were erupted in three phases; flow...
On the state of stress in the near-surface of the earth's crust
W. Z. Savage, H.S. Swolfs, B. Amadei
1992, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (138) 207-228
Five models for near-surface crustal stresses induced by gravity and horizontal deformation and the influence of rock property contrasts, rock strength, and stress relaxation on these stresses are presented. Three of the models-the lateral constraint model, the model for crustal stresses caused by horizontal deformation, and the model for the...
A model of late quaternary landscape development in the Delaware Valley, New Jersey and Pennsylvania
J.C. Ridge, E.B. Evenson, W. D. Sevon
1992, Geomorphology (4) 319-345
In the Delaware Valley of New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania the late Quaternary history of colluviation, fluvial adjustment, and soil formation is based on the ages of pre-Wisconsinan soils and glacial deposits which are indicated by feld relationships and inferred from mid-latitude...
Use of forecasting signatures to help distinguish periodicity, randomness, and chaos in ripples and other spatial patterns
D. M. Rubin
1992, Chaos (2) 525-536
Forecasting of one-dimensional time series previously has been used to help distinguish periodicity, chaos, and noise. This paper presents two-dimensional generalizations for making such distinctions for spatial patterns. The techniques are evaluated using synthetic spatial patterns and then are applied to a natural example: ripples formed in sand by blowing...
Moment-tensor solutions estimated using optimal filter theory: global seismicity, 1990
S.A. Sipkin, R.E. Needham
1992, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (70) 16-21
Moment-tensor solutions, estimated using optimal filter theory, are listed for 114 moderate-to-large size earthquakes occurring during 1990. ?? 1992....
Consumption of freons CFC-11 and CFC-12 by anaerobic sediments and soils
Derek R. Lovley, J.C. Woodward
1992, Environmental Science & Technology (26) 925-929
A variety of anaerobic sediments and soils consumed CFC-11 (CFCl3) and CFC-12 (CF2Cl2). An aerobic soil did not. Active microbial metabolism was required for CFC-12 uptake in all of the sediments examined. CFC-11 uptake was faster in the presence of microbial activity, but reduced components in the sediments also resulted...
Grade-tonnage and other models for diamond kimberlite pipes
J. D. Bliss
1992, Nonrenewable Resources (1) 214-230
Grade-tonnage and other quantitative models help give reasonable answers to questions about diamond kimberlite pipes. Diamond kimberlite pipes are those diamondiferous kimberlite pipes that either have been worked or are expected to be worked for diamonds. These models are not applicable to kimberlite dikes and sills or to lamproite pipes....
Public-domain-software solution to data-access problems for numerical modelers
Harry Jenter, Richard Signell
1992, Conference Paper
Unidata's network Common Data Form, netCDF, provides users with an efficient set of software for scientific-data-storage, retrieval, and manipulation. The netCDF file format is machine-independent, direct-access, self-describing, and in the public domain, thereby alleviating many problems associated with accessing output from large hydrodynamic models. NetCDF has programming interfaces in both...
Subglacial water flow inferred from stream measurements at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA
A. G. Fountain
1992, Journal of Glaciology (38) 51-64
The subglacial drainage system of South Cascade Glacier is inferred by examining how discharges of water, solutes and artificial tracers in streams draining the glacier respond to meltwater and precipitation on the glacier surface. Results indicate that the glacier is divided into three (two large and one...
Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone, Wabaunsee County, Kansas, U.S.A.
J. R. Hatch, J.S. Leventhal
1992, Chemical Geology (99) 65-82
Analyses of 21 samples collected from a core of the 52.8-cm-thick Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone in Wabaunsee County, Kansas, demonstrate four cycles with two-orders-of-magnitude variations in contents of Cd, Mo, P, V and Zn, and order-of-magnitude variations in contents of organic carbon, Cr, Ni, Se and U....
Contribution of 222Rn in domestic water supplies to 222Rn in indoor air in Colorado homes
E.P. Lawrence, R. B. Wanty, P. Nyberg
1992, Health Physics (62) 171-177
The contribution of 222Rn from domestic water wells to indoor air was investigated in a study of 28 houses near Conifer, CO. Air concentrations determined by alpha-track detectors (ATDs) and continuous radon monitors were compared with the predictions of a single-cell model. In many of the houses, the water supply...
