Habitat Suitability Index Models: Lesser scaup (breeding)
Arthur W. Allen
1986, FWS/OBS 82/10.117
A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the lesser scaup (Aythya affinis). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum...
Bajada de Rahue, Province of Neuquen, Argentina: An interstadial deposit in northern Patagonia
Vera Markgraf, J.P. Bradbury, J. Fernandez
1986, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (56) 251-258
Pollen and diatom analyses of a radiocarbon dated lacustrine section in the temperate Andean region of Argentina (Rahue, Province Neuquen) suggest interglacial type climatic conditions between 27,000 and 33,000 yr B.P., with environments that resemble the modern conditions at the locality. This finding correlates with a woodland record from central...
Carbonate apron models: Alternatives to the submarine fan model for paleoenvironmental analysis and hydrocarbon exploration
H.T. Mullins, H. E. Cook
1986, Sedimentary Geology (48) 37-79
Sediment gravity flow deposition along the deep-water flanks of carbonate platforms typically does not produce submarine fans. Rather, wedge-shaped carbonate aprons develop parallel to the adjacent shelf/slope break. The major difference between submarine fans and carbonate aprons is a point source with channelized sedimentation on fans, versus a line source...
Mechanical response of the south flank of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, to intrusive events along the rift systems
J.J. Dvorak, A.T. Okamura, T.T. English, R. Y. Koyanagi, J. S. Nakata, M. K. Sako, W.T. Tanigawa, K.M. Yamashita
1986, Tectonophysics (124) 193-209
Increased earthquake activity and compression of the south flank of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, have been recognized by previous investigators to accompany rift intrusions. We further detail the temporal and spatial changes in earthquake rates and ground strain along the south flank induced by six major rift intrusions which occurred...
A boundary element-Random walk model of mass transport in groundwater
M. Kemblowski
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 305-318
A boundary element solution to the convective mass transport in groundwater is presented. This solution produces a continuous velocity field and reduces the amount of data preparation time and bookkeeping. By combining this solution and the random walk procedure, a convective-dispersive mass transport model is obtained. This model may be...
River meanders and channel size
G. P. Williams
1986, Journal of Hydrology (88) 147-164
This study uses an enlarged data set to (1) compare measured meander geometry to that predicted by the Langbein and Leopold (1966) theory, (2) examine the frequency distribution of the ratio radius of curvature/channel width, and (3) derive 40 empirical equations (31 of which are original) involving meander and channel...
Groundwater model of the Blue River basin, Nebraska-Twenty years later
W.M. Alley, P. A. Emery
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 225-249
Groundwater flow models have become almost a routine tool of the practicing hydrologist. Yet, surprisingly little attention has been given to true verification analysis of studies using these models. This paper examines predictions for 1982 of water-level declines and streamflow depletions that were made in 1965 using an electric analog...
Groundwater flow into Lake Michigan from Wisconsin
D.S. Cherkauer, B.R. Hensel
1986, Journal of Hydrology (84) 261-271
Detailed hydrogeological study has been done at six sites along the Lake Michigan shoreline in Wisconsin. At each site a flux of groundwater to the lake has been calculated for both natural conditions and the existing conditions created by pumping. The values from each site have then been extrapolated to...
A comparison of the coupled fresh water-salt water flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg sharp interface approaches to modeling of transient behavior in coastal aquifer systems
H.I. Essaid
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 169-193
A quasi-three dimensional finite difference model which simulates coupled, fresh water and salt water flow, separated by a sharp interface, is used to investigate the effects of storage characteristics, transmissivity, boundary conditions and anisotropy on the transient responses of such flow systems. The magnitude and duration of the departure of...
Use of the chloride ion in determining hydrologic-basin water budgets - A 3-year case study in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S.A.
H.C. Claassen, M.M. Reddy, D.R. Halm
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 49-71
Measurement of chloride concentration and water equivalent in precipitation and recharge at a site can be extrapolated to determine available moisture in a nearby basin. This method also may be extrapolated to a basin with similar climatic characteristics if precipitation, vegetation, and topographic data are available. The average accuracy of...
Assessment of low-flow water quality in Richland Creek, Illinois
W.O. Freeman, A.R. Schmidt
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4323
To study the effects of urbanization on water quality, the relations of several stream processes to concentrations of dissolved oxygen and other constituents were evaluated during low-flow periods for a 30.1-mi reach of Richland Creek in southwestern Illinois. The study used both measured data and computer simulations. Reaeration rates and...
Estimation of recharge rates to the sand and gravel aquifer using environmental tritium, Nantucket Island, Massachusetts
Jayne Fifield Knott, Julio C. Olimpio
1986, Water Supply Paper 2297
Estimation of the average annual rate of ground-water recharge to sand and gravel aquifers using elevated tritium concentrations in ground water is an alternative to traditional steady-state and water-balance recharge-rate methods. The concept of the tritium tracer method is that the average annual rate of ground-water recharge over a period...
Rock riprap design for protection of stream channels near highway structures; Volume 2, Evaluation of Riprap design procedures
J. C. Blodgett, C.E. McConaughy
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4128
In volume 2, seven procedures now being used for design of rock riprap installations were evaluated using data from 26 field sites. Four basic types of riprap failures were identified: Particle erosion, translational slide, modified slump, and slump. Factors associated with riprap failure include stone size , bank side slope,...
Prospects for mineral resource assessments on public lands: Proceedings of the Leesburg workshop
Simon M. Cargill, Steven B. Green, editor(s)
1986, Circular 980
Modern geological surveys pursue a wide spectrum of research activities in the earth sciences. From the beginning, however, one of the core tasks of any national geological survey has been the assessment and evaluation of its nation's mineral and fuel resources. The methods by which such assessments are carried out...
Investigation of possible effects of surface coal mining on hydrology and landscape stability in part of the Powder River structural basin, northeastern Wyoming
R. M. Bloyd, P. B. Daddow, P.R. Jordon, H. W. Lowham
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4329
The effects of surface coal mining on the surface- and groundwater systems in a 5,400 sq mi area in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, that includes 20 major coal mines were evaluated using three approaches: A surface water model, a landscape-stability analysis, and a groundwater model. A surface water model...
Preliminary delineation and description of the regional aquifers of Tennessee – The central basin aquifer system
J. V. Brahana, M. W. Bradley
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4002
A sand and gravel aquifer about 65 feet thick underlies Wurtsmith Air Force Base in northeastern lower Michigan. The water table ranges in depth from 10 feet to 25 feet below land surface. Mathematical models indicate that ground-water flow ranges from 0.8 feet per day in the eastern part of...
Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River plain, Idaho
Stephen P. Garabedian
1986, Water Supply Paper 2278
A nonlinear, least-squares regression technique for the estimation of ground-water flow model parameters was applied to the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho. The technique uses a computer program to simulate two-dimensional, steady-state ground-water flow. Hydrologic data for the 1980 water year were used to calculate recharge...
Theoretical technique for predicting the cumulative impact of iron and manganese oxidation in streams receiving discharge from coal mines
Keith E. Bobay
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4039
Two U.S. Geological Survey computer programs are modified and linked to predict the cumulative impact of iron and manganese oxidation in coal-mine discharge water on the dissolved chemical quality of a receiving stream. The coupled programs calculate the changes in dissolved iron, dissolved manganese, and dissolved oxygen concentrations; alkalinity; and,...
Modifications to the Megatek Wand software package for the model 3355 color graphics workstation with IEEE-488 bus interface option
L.M. Baker
1986, Open-File Report 86-212
Conceptual design for the National Water Information System
Melvin D. Edwards, Arthur L. Putnam, Norman E. Hutchison
1986, Open-File Report 86-604
The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey began the design and development of a National Water Information System (NWIS) in 1983. The NWIS will replace and integrate the existing data systems of the National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System, National Water Data Exchange, National Water-Use Information Program,...
Assessment of low-flow water quality in the Du Page River, Illinois
W.O. Freeman, A.R. Schmidt, J. K. Stamer
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4344
The relations of several stream processes to concentrations of dissolved oxygen and other constituents during low-flow periods were evaluated for a 70.3-mile reach of the Du Page River in northeastern Illinois, using measured data and computer simulations. Reaeration rates and traveltimes were measured at various flow rates using a steady-state...
Reconnaissance of the water resources of the Hoh Indian Reservation and the Hoh River basin, Washington
W. E. Lum, L. M. Nelson
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4018
Ground- and surface-water resources of the Hoh Indian Reservation and the Hoh River basin were studied from 1977 to 1980 under a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Hoh Indian Tribe. It was determined that moderate quantities of groundwater can be obtained from near-surface, river-deposited sands and...
Connecticut observation wells; guidelines for network modification
R.L. Melvin
1986, Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4079
The U.S. Geological Survey and Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection are developing a baseline observation well network to assess the present status of groundwater storage and relate it to long-term conditions and to describe and characterize natural changes in groundwater storage in relation to climatic variations, topography, and hydrogeologic setting....
Simple models for the estimation and measurement of frictional heating by an earthquake
A.H. Lachenbruch
1986, Open-File Report 86-508
Analytical results and sample locality map of nonmagnetic and moderately magnetic heavy-mineral concentrates from stream sediments from the Glens Falls 1° x 2° quadrangle, New York, Vermont, and New Hampshire
G.W. Day, E. P. Welsch, K. C. Watts Jr., J. C. Gray
1986, Open-File Report 86-422
No abstract available....
