Crustal processes of the Mid-Ocean Ridge
Richard D. Ballard, H. Craig, J. Edmond, M. Einaudi, R. Holcomb, H.D. Holland, C.A. Hopson, B.P. Luyendyk, K. Macdonald, J. Morton, J. Orcutt, N. Sleep
1981, Science (213) 31-40
Independent geological and geophysical investigations of the Mid-Ocean Ridge system have begun to focus on the nature of the magma chamber system underlying its central axis. Thermal models predict the existence of a steady-state chamber beneath a thin crustal lid ranging in thickness from 2 to 13...
Continental accretion: From oceanic plateaus to allochthonous terranes
Z. Ben-Avraham, A. Nur, D. Jones, A. Cox
1981, Science (213) 47-54
Some of the regions of the anomalously high sea-floor topography in today's oceans may be modern allochthonous terranes moving with their oceanic plates. Fated to collide with and be accreted to adjacent continents, they may create complex volcanism, cut off and trap oceanic crust, and cause orogenic...
Processes controlling the characteristics of the surficial sand sheet, U.S. Atlantic outer continental shelf
Harley J. Knebel
1981, Marine Geology (42) 349-368
A review of recent data on the velocity of bottom currents, the frequency of bottom-sediment movement, the kinds and amounts of suspended sediments in near-bottom waters, and the acoustic and sedimentary features of subbottom strata indicates that the characteristics of the ubiquitous sand sheet on the Atlantic outer continental shelf...
Establishing backcountry use quotas: an example from Mineral King, California
David J. Parsons, Thomas J. Stohlgren, Paul A. Fodor
1981, Environmental Management (5) 335-340
Increasing levels of visitor use and consequent resource damage have necessitated that backcountry use restrictions be established in the Mineral King area of Sequoia National Park, California. In this paper we review the steps taken in developing a trailhead quota system. The availability of acceptable campsites, based on a detailed...
Geologic setting, petrology, and geochemistry of zoned tungsten-bearing skarns at the Strawberry Mine, central Sierra Nevada, California
Warren J. Nokleberg
1981, Economic Geology (76) 111-133
The Strawberry mine, 90 km northeast of Fresno, California, occurs on the margin of a small roof pendant of Early Jurassic metasedimentary rocks and middle Cretaceous metaigneous rocks. Middle Cretaceous granitic intrusions surround and intrude the roof pendant. Adjacent to one granodiorite intrusion, several subvertical marble layers are replaced by...
Use of captive starlings to determine effects of pollutants on passerine reproduction
C.E. Grue, C.L. Christian
D.W. Lamb, E.E. Kenaga, editor(s)
1981, Book chapter, Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference: A symposium
Three reproductive trials were conducted to develop techniques for propagation of captive starlings (Stumus vulgaris) which could determine the effects of environmental contaminants on passerine reproduction. Trials were conducted during the spring of 1979 in five adjacent 2.4 by 3 by 12-m outdoor wire pens containing four or ten pairs...
Population dynamics and bioenergetics of a fossorial herbivore, Thomomys talpoides (Rodentia: Geomyidae), in a spruce-fir sere
Douglas C. Andersen, James A. MacMahon
1981, Ecological Monographs (51) 179-202
Studies of the bioenergetics of the northern pocket gopher, Thomomys talpoides, are coupled with data on demography, activity budgets, and microclimates to model the energy requirements of individuals and populations in the Wasatch Mountains of Utah during 1976-1979. Metabolic rates during rest increased linearly with decreasing ambient temperature, but...
Broad area forest fuels and topography mapping using digital Landsat and terrain data
Mark Shasby, Robert E. Burgan, Gregg R. Johnson
1981, Conference Paper, Seventh international symposium: Machine processing of remotely sensed data
A spatially registered digital data base of fuels and terrain information was generated for a test site on the Lolo National Forest in Montana. The data base was developed specifically for providing spatially relevant data to a mathematical fire behavior model developed by the Forest Service which integrates this information...
Origin of organic-carbon-rich mid-Cretaceous limestones, Mid-Pacific Mountains and southern Hess Rise
Walter E. Dean, George E. Claypool, Jorn Thiede
1981, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (62) 877-890
Limestones of mid-Cretaceous age containing as much as 8.6 percent organic carbon were cored at one site (463) in the Mid-Pacific Mountains and at two sites (465, 466) on southern Hess Rise, central North Pacific Ocean, during Leg 62 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. In the Mid-Pacific Mountains, three...
Development of the benethic nepheloid layer on the south Texas continental shelf, western Gulf of Mexico
Gerald L. Shideler
1981, Marine Geology (41) 37-61
A monitoring study of suspended sediment on the South Texas Continental Shelf indicates that a turbid benthic nepheloid layer is regionally persistent. A sequence of quasi-synoptic measurements of the water column obtained during six cruises in an 18-month period indicates substantial spatial and temporal variability in nepheloidlayer characteristics. Regionally, the...
Encounter with Saturn: Voyager 1 imaging science results
B.A. Smith, L. Soderblom, R. Beebe, J. Boyce, G. Briggs, A. Bunker, S.A. Collins, C.J. Hansen, T. V. Johnson, J.L. Mitchell, R.J. Terrile, M. Carr, A.F. Cook II, J. Cuzzi, James B. Pollack, G. Edward Danielson, A. Ingersoll, M. E. Davies, G.E. Hunt, H. Masursky, E. Shoemaker, D. Morrison, Tobias Owen, C. Sagan, J. Veverka, R. Strom, V.E. Suomi
1981, Science (212) 163-191
As Voyager 1 flew through the Saturn system it returned photographs revealing many new and surprising characteristics of this complicated community of bodies. Saturn's atmosphere has numerous, low-contrast, discrete cloud features and a pattern of circulation significantly different from that of Jupiter. Titan is shrouded in a...
Exploration decisions and firms in the mineral industries
Emil Attanasi
1981, Energy Economics (3) 105-112
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how physical characteristics of deposits and results of past exploration enter future exploration decisions. A proposed decision model is presented that is consistent with a set of primitive probabilistic assumptions associated with deposit size distributions and discoverability. Analysis of optimal field exploration...
Silicoflagellate stratigraphy of offshore California and Baja California, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 63.
David Bukry
1981, Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P. (63) 539-557
Quantitative study of middle and upper Miocene silicoflagellate assemblages from Pacific Coast Sites 467 and 469 to 472 has permitted identification of warm- and temperate-water biostratigraphic zones and the formulation of a model for relative paleotemperature values (Ts) on the basis of warm- and temperate-genera abundances. Geographic and temporal trends...
Recovery of brain and plasma cholinesterase activities in ducklings exposed to organophosphorus pesticides
W. James Fleming
1981, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (10) 215-229
Brain and plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activities were determined for mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos) exposed to dicrotophos and fenthion. Recovery rates of brain ChE did not differ between ducklings administered a single oral dose vs. a 2-week dietary dose of these organophosphates. Exposure to the organophosphates, followed by recovery of brain...
Tectonic elements of the southern part of the Gulf of California
J. W. Niemitz, James L. Bischoff
1981, GSA Bulletin (92) 360-407
Closely spaced seismic and bathymetric surveys in the southern province of the Gulf of California reveal a tectonically active and structurally complex plate boundary. While heat-flow measurements, seismicity, large sediment accumulations on continental margins, and the presence of oceanic crust in deep basins strongly suggest divergent plate motion, magnetic anomaly...
An empirical methodology for estimating entrainment losses at power plants sited on estuaries
J. Boreman, C.P. Goodyear, S.W. Christensen
1981, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (110) 253-260
A model based on empirically derived age‐, time‐, and space‐variant entrainment susceptibility data may be used for estimating conditional entrainment mortality of aquatic organisms, particularly fish and shellfish, caused by operation of one or more power plants on an estuary. Model application requires knowledge of the morphometry of the water...
Geologic remote sensing
Alexander F.H. Goetz, L. C. Rowan
1981, Science (211) 781-791
Remote-sensing techniques are now being used routinely in geologic interpretation for mineral and energy exploration, plant siting, waste disposal, and the development of models for regional and continental tectonics. New spaceborne methods and associated technologies are being developed to produce data from which geologic information about large areas can be...
Age estimations based on amino acid racemization: Reply to comments of J.F. Wehmiller
Keith A. Kvenvolden, D. Blunt, H. Edward Clifton
1981, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (45) 205-207
Determining geologic ages of fossils by amino acid racemization techniques is often difficult because of the uncertainties in assumptions about diagenetic temperatures. Two kinetic model methods have been employed. Method 1, used by us, assumes that racemization of amino acids in the bivalve mollusk Saxidomus giganteus from Willapa Bay, Washington, follows linear...
A Pleistocene sand sea on the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain
L. D. Carter
1981, Science (211) 381-383
A ridge and thermokarst-basin landscape that is strikingly portrayed in Landsat winter imagery consists of large Pleistocene dunes that have been modified by younger eolian activity and thermokarst processes. This is the most extensive area of large stabilized dunes yet reported in the North American Arctic; the...
IASPEI workshop: Seismic modeling of laterally varying structures
Walter D. Mooney
1981, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (62) 18-19
During the past 10 years, significant progress has been made in the methods of collection and analysis of seismic reflection and refraction data. This progress has led to the development of new models for the structure and composition of the earth's crust, based on sophisticated analysis of...
Early evolution of the Bering Sea by collision of oceanic rises and North Pacific subduction zones
Z. Ben-Avraham, Alan K. Cooper
1981, GSA Bulletin (92) 485-495
Three major bathymetric features exist in the Bering Sea: Shirshov Ridge, Bowers Ridge, and Umnak Plateau. New refraction data over Umnak Plateau and previous geophysical data across Bowers Ridge indicate that a thickened welt of crustal material is present beneath both features. The crustal structure is transitional between oceanic and...
Biological and economic impact of stream alteration in the Virginia Piedmont
James B. Whelan
1981, FWS/OBS 81/33
A 31 month (September 1974 - March 1977) study was conducted on warmwater streams located in the Roanoke Creek watershed of the Piedmont Region of Virginia. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of stream channelization on the aquatic/riparian wildlife resource and agricultural land-use patterns associated with...
Predictive models of macroinvertebrate density for use in instream flow studies and regulated flow management
J.A. Gore, R.D. Judy
1981, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (38)
No abstract available....
Results of a modeling workshop concerning resource development and management in Jackson Hole, Wyoming
A.K. Andrews, R.A. Ellison, David B. Hamilton, J. E. Roelle, P.J. McNamee
1981, Report
No abstract available....
Results of a modeling workshop concerning preservation and protection of wetlands in North Dakota
Austin K. Andrews, Gregor T. Auble, Richard A. Ellison, David B. Hamilton, James E. Roelle
1981, Report
In a recently signed letter, the Governor of North Dakota and the Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Fish and Wildlife and Parks charged a joint state-federal study group with examination of two separate questions: 1) mitigation for the Garrison Diversion Project; and 2) planning for long-range protection and preservation...
