Geology of the Waynesboro East and Waynesboro West Quadrangles, Virginia
Thomas M. Gathright II, William S. Henika, John L. Sullivan
1977, Book, Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Publication
The Waynesboro East and Waynesboro West Quadrangles comprise an area of approximately 117 square miles (304 sq km) in portions of Albemarle, Augusta, and Nelson counties in north-central Virginia. Included in the quadrangles are portions of the Piedmont, Blue Ridge, and Valley and Ridge physiographic provinces and two major regional...
Geohydrology of Muscatine Island, Muscatine County, Iowa
R.E. Hansen, W. L. Steinhilber
1977, Water Supply Bulletin 11
Muscatine Island is a wide segment of the west bank of the Mississippi River flood plain that covers about 50 square miles in Muscatine and Louisa Counties; the project area encompasses the 30 square miles in Muscatine County. The flood plain is underlain by thick, permeable alluvial deposits that comprise...
Geochemical and petrological studies of a uraniferous granite from the Granite Mountains, Wyoming
John S. Stuckless, C. M. Bunker, C. A. Bush, W. P. Doering, J. H. Scott
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 61-81
Granite rocks from the Granite Mountains, Wyo. have been proposed as the source of uranium deposits in the Crooks Gap, Gas Hills and Shirley Basin uranium districts, Wyoming. We have divided these granitic rocks into four units: (1) a biotitic phase which forms the dominant unit at the western end...
Application of a hydrometeorological model to the south-central Sierra Nevada of California
Wendell V. Tangborn, Lowell A. Rasmussen
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 33-48
A hydrometeorological streamflow-prediction model (HM model) developed for the North Cascades of Washington has been tested in the south-central Sierra Nevada of California. Twenty-four drainages ranging in mean altitude from 770 to 3,160 metres, including several of the major ones such as those of the Kern, Kings, and Merced Rivers,...
Chemical variability in the Lakeview Mountains pluton, southern California batholith: A comparison of the methods of correspondence analysis and extended Q-mode factor analysis
A.T. Miesch, Douglas M. Morton
1977, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (5) 103-116
An extended method of Q-mode factor analysis that has been described previously offers a number of important advantages over conventional Q-mode factor analysis and correspondence analysis when applied to compositional data. Among these are the ability to compute the compositions, in the original units of the data, represented by the...
Mechanical and hydraulic properties of rocks related to induced seismicity
P. A. Witherspoon, J.E. Gale
1977, Engineering Geology (11) 23-55
Witherspoon, P.A. and Gale, J.E., 1977. Mechanical and hydraulic properties of rocks related to induced seismicity. Eng. Geol., 11(1): 23-55. The mechanical and hydraulic properties of fractured rocks are considered with regard to the role they play in induced seismicity. In many cases, the mechanical properties of fractures determine the...
Modeling chloride movement in the alluvial aquifer at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado
Leonard F. Konikow
1977, Water Supply Paper 2044
A solute-transport model that can be used to predict the movement of dissolved chemicals in flowing ground water was applied to a problem of ground-water contamination at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, near Denver, Colo. The model couples a finite-difference solution to the ground-water flow equation with the method-of-characteristics solution to...
Interpretation of discordant 40Ar/39Ar age-spectra of mesozoic tholeiites from Antarctica
R.J. Fleck, J. F. Sutter, D.H. Elliot
1977, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (41) 15-32
Conventional K-Ar ages of tholeiitic basalts of the Ferrar Group in the central Transantarctic Mountains indicate significant loss of radiogenic 40Ar from this unit over much of its outcrop area. Argon loss varies inversely with amount of devitrified matrix in the basalts, which have not been thermally or tectonically disturbed since...
Fluorite solubility equilibria in selected geothermal waters
D. Kirk Nordstrom, E. A. Jenne
1977, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (41) 175-188
Calculation of chemical equilibria in 351 hot springs and surface waters from selected geothermal areas in the western United States indicate that the solubility of the mineral fluorite, CaF2, provides an equilibrium control on dissolved fluoride activity. Waters that are undersaturated...
Estimation of the probability of success in petroleum exploration
J.C. Davis
1977, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (9) 409-427
A probabilistic model for oil exploration can be developed by assessing the conditional relationship between perceived geologic variables and the subsequent discovery of petroleum. Such a model includes two probabilistic components, the first reflecting the association between a geologic condition (structural closure, for example) and the occurrence of oil, and...
Chemical geothermometers and mixing models for geothermal systems
R.O. Fournier
1977, Geothermics (5) 41-50
Qualitative chemical geothermometers utilize anomalous concentrations of various "indicator" elements in groundwaters, streams, soils, and soil gases to outline favorable places to explore for geothermal energy. Some of the qualitative methods, such as the delineation of mercury and helium anomalies in soil gases, do not require the presence of hot...
Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska
Thomas W. Custer, Frank A. Pitelka
1977, The Auk (94) 505-525
Breeding density, clutch size, hatching and fledging success, and survival of adult Lapland Longspurs (Calcarius lapponicus) were monitored over a 7-year period near the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory, Barrow, Alaska. Nesting begins as soon as the tundra starts to clear of snow and appears to be timed so that the...
Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments in intact and pre-fractured rock
Mark D. Zoback, F. Rummel, R. Jung, C.B. Raleigh
1977, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts (14) 49-58
Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments were conducted to investigate two factors which could influence the use of the hydrofrac technique for in-situ stress determinations; the possible dependence of the breakdown pressure upon the rate of borehole pressurization, and the influence of pre-existing cracks on the orientation of generated fractures. The experiments...
Earthquakes, October-November 1976
W. J. Person
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 32-36
October brought two damaging earthquakes to Ecuador and New Guinea. The Ecuador earthquake, although only magnitude 5.5, caused casualties and damage. The new Guinea earthquake, a major quake, caused a loss of life and damage. Two major earthquakes were experienced during November, in eastern Turkey on November 24 and in...
Evaluating the intensity of U.S. earthquakes
R. Simon, C. Stover
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 24-29
The intensity scale based on the Modified Mercalli Scale of 1931 (MM scale) measures the effects of seismic shaking. Intensity estimations are often the only representation of the size of an earthquake when small shocks occur in areas far removed from seismograph stations that can record them instrumentally. The impossibility...
Use of natural basin wetlands by breeding waterfowl in North Dakota
H.A. Kantrud, R. E. Stewart
1977, Journal of Wildlife Management (41) 243-253
Use of basin wetlands by breeding populations of 12 species of waterfowl was investigated in 1965 and during 1967-69 throughout the prairie pothole region of North Dakota. Data were obtained primarily by random sampling techniques. Of the total population occupying natural basin wetlands 55 percent occupied seasonal and 36 percent...
Earthquake history of Tennessee
C. A. von Hake
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 37-39
The western part of the State was shaken strongly by the New Madrid, Mo., earthquakes of 1811-12 and by earthquakes in 1843 and 1895. The area has also experienced minor shocks. Additional activity has occurred in the eastern part of the State, near the North Carolina border. Forty shocks of...
Earthquake history of South Dakota
C. A. von Hake
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 35-36
Twelve earthquakes of intensity V or greater (Modified Mercalli scale) have centered within the borders of South Dakota. All the shocks were rather localized, except that of 1911 which was felt over an area of approximately 100,000 km2. Some earthquakes from neighboring States were felt strongly in South Dakota. ...
Climatologic and hydrologic data, southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado, water years 1975 and 1976
Loretta S. Conroy, F.K. Fields
1977, Utah Basic-Data Release 29
This report contains climatologic and hydrologic data that were collected as a part of an investigation of the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado, by the U.S. Geological Survey. The data apply mainly to water years 1975 and 1976, which includes the period from October 1974 through September 1976. Included...
Earthquake history of Virginia
C. A. von Hake
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 28-30
Virginia is a State of considerable seismic activity, although the earthquakes are rarely strong. Thirty-five shocks, intensity MM V or greater (Modified Mercalli Scale), are listed with epicenters within its borders. The locations of several of the older events are not precise; thus, the above count i subject to alteration....
Techniques for the conversion to carbon dioxide of oxygen from dissolved sulfate in thermal waters
N.L. Nehring, P.A. Bowen, A.H. Truesdell
1977, Geothermics (5) 63-66
The fractionation of oxygen isotopes between dissolved sulfate ions and water provides a useful geothermometer for geothermal waters. The oxygen isotope composition of dissolved sulfate may also be used to indicate the source of the sulfate and processes of formation. The methods described here for separation, purification and reduction of...
Cell dimensions and antiferromagnetism of lunar and terrestrial ilmenite single crystals
A. N. Thorpe, J.A. Minkin, F. E. Senftle, Corrine Alexander, Charles Briggs, H. T. Evans Jr., Gordon L. Nord Jr.
1977, Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids (38) 115-123
X-Ray diffraction and anisotropic magnetic measurements have been made on single crystals of lunar ilmenite and on terrestrial ilmenite from Bancroft, Ontario, Canada and the Ilmen Mountains, U.S.S.R. The elongated c">c-axis of lunar ilmenite, previously reported, is confirmed by new measurements. The shorter <span...
Ore transport and deposition in the Red Sea geothermal system: a geochemical model
Wayne C. Shanks III, J. L. Bischoff
1977, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (41) 1507-1519
Thermodynamic calculation of distribution of dissolved aqueous species in the Red Sea geothermal brine provides a model of ore transport and deposition in good agreement with observed accumulations of base metal sulfides, anhydrite, and barite.The Red Sea brine is recirculated seawater that acquires high salinity by low-temperature interaction with Miocene...
Implications of a magnetic model of the Long Valley caldera, California
D.L. Williams, F. Berkman, Edward A. Mankinen
1977, Journal of Geophysical Research (82) 3030-3038
A quantitative magnetic model of Long Valley, California, shows that the magnetic field above this caldera is dominated by intracaldera Bishop tuff, part of the ash flow tuff whose eruption precipitated the caldera collapse. We propose that about half of the 350 km3 of intracaldera Bishop tuff, or that part beneath...
Earthquake history of Vermont
C. A. von Hake
1977, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (9) 27-28
Seven earthquakes of intensity V or greater on the Modified Mercalli Scale (MM) are known to have originated within Vermont. Many additional shocks centered in other New England States and Canada have been strongly felt in Vermont. ...
