Concentrations of metals and trace elements in blood of spectacled and king eiders in northern Alaska, USA
Heather M. Wilson, Margaret R. Petersen, Declan Troy
2004, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (23) 408-414
In 1996, we measured concentrations of arsenic, barium, cadmium, lead, mercury, and selenium in blood of adult king (Somateria spectabilis) and spectacled (Somateria fischeri) eiders and duckling spectacled eiders from northern Alaska, USA. Concentrations of selenium exceeded background levels in all adults sampled and 9 of 12 ducklings. Mercury was...
Glaucous gull predation of goslings on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Timothy D. Bowman, R.A. Stehn, K.T. Scribner
2004, Condor (106) 288-298
Glaucous Gulls (Larus hyperboreus) nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta frequently prey on juvenile waterfowl. We collected 434 Glaucous Gulls from late June to early August 1994 to examine diet. Identification of undigested prey tissue, based on DNA microsatellite loci, showed three species of goslings in gull stomachs: Emperor Goose...
Holocene loess deposition and soil formation as competing processes, Matanuska Valley, southern Alaska
D.R. Muhs, J. P. McGeehin, J. Beann, E. Fisher
2004, Quaternary Research (61) 265-276
Although loess-paleosol sequences are among the most important records of Quaternary climate change and past dust deposition cycles, few modern examples of such sedimentation systems have been studied. Stratigraphic studies and 22 new accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon ages from the Matanuska Valley in southern Alaska show that loess deposition there...
Complex proximal deposition during the Plinian eruptions of 1912 at Novarupta, Alaska
Bruce F. Houghton, C. J. N. Wilson, J. Fierstein, W. Hildreth
2004, Bulletin of Volcanology (66) 95-133
Proximal (<3 km) deposits from episodes II and III of the 60-h-long Novarupta 1912 eruption exhibit a very complex stratigraphy, the result of at least four transport regimes and diverse depositional mechanisms. They contrast with the relatively simple stratigraphy (and inferred emplacement mechanisms) for the previously documented, better known, medial-distal...
Temporal and geographic variation in survival of juvenile black brant
David H. Ward, Joel A. Schmutz, James S. Sedinger, Karen S. Bollinger, P. D. Martin, B.A. Anderson
2004, Condor (106) 263-274
First-year survival has important implications for the structure and growth of populations. We examined variation in seasonal survival of first-year Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) marked late in summer in Alaska at two brood-rearing areas on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (Tutakoke and Kokechik) and one area on the Arctic Coastal...
Carnivore re-colonisation: Reality, possibility and a non-equilibrium century for grizzly bears in the southern Yellowstone ecosystem
Sanjay Pyare, S. Cain, D. Moody, C. Schwartz, J. Berger
2004, Animal Conservation (7) 71-77
Most large native carnivores have experienced range contractions due to conflicts with humans, although neither rates of spatial collapse nor expansion have been well characterised. In North America, the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) once ranged from Mexico northward to Alaska, however its range in the continental USA has been reduced...
Winter ecology of Spectacled Eiders: Environmental characteristics and population change
Margaret R. Petersen, David C. Douglas
2004, Condor (106) 79-94
We described characteristics of the wintering area used by Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri) in the Bering Sea, Alaska, and evaluated these characteristics in relation to long-term population trends. Remoteness, limited daylight, and extreme weather conditions precluded direct observations, so we derived the location of the wintering area from satellite telemetry,...
Ultra-high chlorine in submarine Kı̄lauea glasses: Evidence for direct assimilation of brine by magma
Michelle L. Coombs, Thomas W. Sisson, Jun-Ichi Kimura
2004, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (217) 297-313
Basaltic glass grains from the submarine south flank of Kı̄lauea, Hawai′i, have Cl concentrations of 0.01–1.68 wt%, the latter being the highest Cl content yet recorded for a Hawaiian glass. The high-Cl glass grains are products of brine assimilation by tholeiite magma. The glasses are grains in a sandstone clast...
Mapping recent lava flows at Westdahl Volcano, Alaska, using radar and optical satellite imagery
Z. Lu, Russ Rykhus, Timothy Masterlark, K.G. Dean
2004, Remote Sensing of Environment (91) 345-353
Field mapping of young lava flows at Aleutian volcanoes is logistically difficult, and the utility of optical images from aircraft or satellites for this purpose is greatly reduced by persistent cloud cover. These factors have hampered earlier estimates of the areas and volumes of three young lava flows at Westdahl...
Landslides triggered by the 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake and the inferred nature of the strong shaking
R.W. Jibson, E. L. Harp, W. Schulz, D. K. Keefer
2004, Earthquake Spectra (20) 669-691
The 2002 M7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake triggered thousands of landslides, primarily rock falls and rock slides, that ranged in volume from rock falls of a few cubic meters to rock avalanches having volumes as great as 15 ?? 106 m3. The pattern of landsliding was unusual; the number of...
Interactions of brown bears, Ursus arctos, and gray wolves, Canis lupus, at Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska
Tom S. Smith, Steven T. Partridge, John W. Schoen
2004, Canadian Field-Naturalist (118) 247-250
We describe several encounters between Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) and Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) that were observed at Katmai National Park and Preserve in southwest Alaska. Katmai Brown Bears and Gray Wolves were observed interacting in a variety of behavioral modes that ranged from agonistic to tolerant. These observations provide...
A teleseismic study of the 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake and implications for rapid strong-motion estimation
C. Ji, D.V. Helmberger, D.J. Wald
2004, Earthquake Spectra (20) 617-637
Slip histories for the 2002 M7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake are derived rapidly from global teleseismic waveform data. In phases, three models improve matching waveform data and recovery of rupture details. In the first model (Phase I), analogous to an automated solution, a simple fault plane is fixed based on...
Geotechnical reconnaissance of the 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake
R. Kayen, E. Thompson, D. Minasian, R.E.S. Moss, B.D. Collins, N. Sitar, D. Dreger, G. Carver
2004, Earthquake Spectra (20) 639-667
The 2002 M7.9 Denali fault earthquake resulted in 340 km of ruptures along three separate faults, causing widespread liquefaction in the fluvial deposits of the alpine valleys of the Alaska Range and eastern lowlands of the Tanana River. Areas affected by liquefaction are largely confined to Holocene alluvial deposits, man-made...
Acoustic measurements of the 1999 basaltic eruption of Shishaldin volcano, Alaska 2. Precursor to the Subplinian phase
S. Vergniolle, J. Caplan-Auerbach
2004, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (137) 135-151
The 1999 eruption of Shishaldin volcano (Alaska, USA) displayed both Strombolian and Subplinian basaltic activity. The Subplinian phase was preceded by a signal of low amplitude and constant frequency (??? 2 Hz) lasting 13 h. This "humming signal" is interpreted as the coalescence of the very shallow part of a...
Migration and stopover strategies of individual Dunlin along the Pacific coast of North America
N. Warnock, John Y. Takekawa, M.A. Bishop
2004, Canadian Journal of Zoology (82) 1687-1697
We radio-marked 18 Dunlin, Calidris alpina (L., 1758), at San Francisco Bay, California, and 11 Dunlin at Grays Harbor, Washington, and relocated 90% of them along the 4200 km long coastline from north of San Francisco Bay to the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. The Copper River Delta, Alaska, was the single...
Re-Os sulfide geochronology of the Red Dog sediment-hosted Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, Brooks Range, Alaska
R.M. Morelli, R.A. Creaser, D. Selby, K.D. Kelley, D. L. Leach, A.R. King
2004, Economic Geology (99) 1569-1576
The Red Dog sediment-hosted deposit in the De Long Mountains of northern Alaska is the largest Zn producer in the world. Main stage mineralization is characterized by massive sulfide ore and crosscutting subvertical veins. Although the vein mineralization is clearly younger than the massive ore, the exact temporal relationship between...
A special issue devoted to barite and Zn-Pb-Ag deposits in the Red Dog district, Western Brooks Range, northern Alaska
K.D. Kelley, S. Jennings
2004, Economic Geology (99) 1267-1280
[No abstract available]...
Geochronology of the western and central Brooks Range, Alaska: Implications for the geologic evolution of the Anarraaq and Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposits
C.S. Rombach, P.W. Layer
2004, Economic Geology (99) 1307-1322
A compilation of published geochronology of rocks and minerals from the western and central Brooks Range provides a framework for understanding the complex history of the Brooks Range and northern Alaska. A simplified timeline of events comprises (1) Devonian extension, (2) Mississippian extension and Zn-Pb-Ag mineralization, (3) a passive interval,...
Multistage hydrothermal silicification and Fe-Tl-As-Sb-Ge-REE enrichment in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag district, northern Alaska: Geochemistry, origin, and exploration applications
J. F. Slack, K.D. Kelley, V.M. Anderson, J.L. Clark, R. A. Ayuso
2004, Economic Geology (99) 1481-1508
Geochemical analyses of major, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) in more than 200 samples of variably silicified and altered wall rocks, massive and banded sulfide, silica rock, and sulfide-rich and unmineralized barite were obtained from the Main, Aqqaluk, and Anarraaq deposits in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag district of northern...
Geophysical data reveal the crustal structure of the Alaska Range orogen within the aftershock zone of the Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake
M. A. Fisher, N. A. Ratchkovski, W. J. Nokleberg, L. Pellerin, J.M.G. Glen
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S107-S131
Geophysical information, including deep-crustal seismic reflection, magnetotelluric (MT), gravity, and magnetic data, cross the aftershock zone of the 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake. These data and aftershock seismicity, jointly interpreted, reveal the crustal structure of the right-lateral-slip Denali fault and the eastern Alaska Range orogen, as well...
Comparison of geodetic and glaciological mass-balance techniques, Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A
L.H. Cox, R.S. March
2004, Journal of Glaciology (50) 363-370
The net mass balance on Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A., has been measured since 1966 by the glaciological method, in which seasonal balances are measured at three index sites and extrapolated over large areas of the glacier. Systematic errors can accumulate linearly with time in this method. Therefore, the geodetic balance,...
Earthquake triggering at Alaskan volcanoes following the 3 November 2002 Denali fault earthquake
S.C. Moran, J.A. Power, S.D. Stihler, J.J. Sanchez, J. Caplan-Auerbach
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S300-S309
The 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake provided an excellent opportunity to investigate triggered earthquakes at Alaskan volcanoes. The Alaska Volcano Observatory operates short-period seismic networks on 24 historically active volcanoes in Alaska, 247-2159 km distant from the mainshock epicenter. We searched for evidence of triggered seismicity by...
The Susitna Glacier thrust fault: Characteristics of surface ruptures on the fault that initiated the 2002 Denali fault earthquake
A. J. Crone, S. F. Personius, P. A. Craw, Peter J. Haeussler, L. A. Staft
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S5-S22
The 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake sequence initiated on the newly discovered Susitna Glacier thrust fault and caused 48 km of surface rupture. Rupture of the Susitna Glacier fault generated scarps on ice of the Susitna and West Fork glaciers and on tundra and surficial deposits along the southern...
Remotely triggered seismicity on the United States west coast following the Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake
S. G. Prejean, D.P. Hill, E. E. Brodsky, S. E. Hough, M.J.S. Johnston, S. D. Malone, D. H. Oppenheimer, A. M. Pitt, K. B. Richards-Dinger
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S348-S359
The Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake in central Alaska of 3 November 2002 triggered earthquakes across western North America at epicentral distances of up to at least 3660 km. We describe the spatial and temporal development of triggered activity in California and the Pacific Northwest, focusing on Mount Rainier,...
Surface rupture and slip distribution of the Denali and Totschunda faults in the 3 November 2002 M 7.9 earthquake, Alaska
Peter J. Haeussler, David P. Schwartz, Timothy E. Dawson, Heidi D. Stenner, James J. Lienkaemper, Brian Sherrod, Francesca R. Cinti, Paola Montone, Patricia Craw, Anthony J. Crone, Stephen F. Personius
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S23-S52
The 3 November 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake resulted in 341 km of surface rupture on the Susitna Glacier, Denali, and Totschunda faults. The rupture proceeded from west to east and began with a 48-km-long break on the previously unknown Susitna Glacier thrust fault. Slip on this thrust averaged about...
