Bald Eagles consume Emperor Geese during late-winter in the Aleutian Archipelago
Mark A. Ricca, Robert G. Anthony, Jeffrey C. Williams
2004, Journal of Raptor Research (38) 81-85
Emperor Geese (Chen canagica) are a species of concern because their population has declined rapidly since the mid-1960s and continues to remain below management objectives (Petersen et al. 1994). Emperor Geese are restricted primarily to Alaska and exhibit an east-west migration pattern, whereby most birds begin breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim...
Evidence of chromosomal damage in common eiders (Somateria mollissima) from the Baltic Sea
C. W. Matson, J. C. Franson, Tuula E. Hollmén, Mikael Kilpi, Martti Hario, Paul L. Flint, J. W. Bickham
2004, Marine Pollution Bulletin (49) 1066-1071
Common eiders nesting in the Baltic Sea are exposed to generally high levels of contaminants including potentially genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorines. Blood samples were collected from eiders at eight sites in the Baltic Sea and two sites in the Beaufort Sea. DNA content variation was estimated using the...
Differential spring migration by male and female Western Sandpipers at interior and coastal stopover sites
Mary Anne Bishop, Nils Warnock, John Y. Takekawa
2004, Ardea (92) 185-196
Western Sandpipers Calidris mauri are differential migrants on their non-breeding areas, with females wintering farther south. Earlier passage of males in the spring has been explained by sexual differences in winter latitude (male-biased sex ratios at more northerly areas) and onset of migration (males departing earlier). We investigated sex differences...
Trace elements in moose (Alces alces) found dead in Northwestern Minnesota, USA
T. W. Custer, E. Cox, B. Gray
2004, Science of the Total Environment (330) 81-87
The moose (Alces alces) population in bog and forest areas of Northwestern Minnesota has declined for more than 25 years, and more recently the decline is throughout Northwestern Minnesota. Both deficiencies and elevations in trace elements have been linked to the health of moose worldwide. The objective of this study...
Landslides triggered by the 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake and the inferred nature of the strong shaking
R.W. Jibson, E. L. Harp, W. Schulz, D. K. Keefer
2004, Earthquake Spectra (20) 669-691
The 2002 M7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake triggered thousands of landslides, primarily rock falls and rock slides, that ranged in volume from rock falls of a few cubic meters to rock avalanches having volumes as great as 15 ?? 106 m3. The pattern of landsliding was unusual; the number of...
Duration of the Arctic sea ice melt season: Regional and interannual variability, 1979-2001
G. I. Belchansky, David C. Douglas, Nikita G. Platonov
2004, Journal of Climate (17) 67-80
Melt onset dates, freeze onset dates, and melt season duration were estimated over Arctic sea ice, 1979–2001, using passive microwave satellite imagery and surface air temperature data. Sea ice melt duration for the entire Northern Hemisphere varied from a 104-day minimum in 1983 and 1996 to a 124-day maximum in...
Detecting denning polar bears with Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) imagery
Steven C. Amstrup, G. York, T. L. McDonald, R. Nielson, Kristin S. Simac
2004, BioScience (54) 337-344
Polar bears give birth in snow dens in midwinter and remain in dens until early spring. The survival and development of cubs is dependent on a stable environment within the maternal den. To mitigate potential disruption of polar bear denning by existing and proposed petroleum activities, we used forward-looking infrared...
Using satellite radiotelemetry data to delineate and manage wildlife populations
Steven C. Amstrup, T. L. McDonald, George M. Durner
2004, Wildlife Society Bulletin (32) 661-679
The greatest promise of radiotelemetry always has been a better understanding of animal movements. Telemetry has helped us know when animals are active, how active they are, how far and how fast they move, the geographic areas they occupy, and whether individuals vary in these traits. Unfortunately, the inability to...
Redistribution and growth of the Caspian Tern population in the Pacific Coast region of North America, 1981-2000
R.M. Suryan, D. P. Craig, D.D. Roby, N.D. Chelgren, K. Collis, W.D. Shuford, Donald E. Lyons
2004, Condor (106) 777-790
We examined nesting distribution and demography of the Pacific Coast population of Caspian Terns (Sterna caspia) using breeding records and band recoveries spanning two decades since the first population assessment. Since 1980, population size has more than doubled to about 12 900 pairs, yet the proportion of the population nesting...
Depositional settings, correlation, and age carboniferous rocks in the western Brooks Range, Alaska
Julie A. Dumoulin, Anita G. Harris, Charles D. Blome, Lorne E. Young
2004, Economic Geology (99) 1355-1384
The Kuna Formation (Lisburne Group) in northwest Alaska hosts the Red Dog and other Zn-Pb-Ag massive sulfide deposits in the Red Dog district. New studies of the sedimentology and paleontology of the Lisburne Group constrain the setting, age, and thermal history of these deposits. In the western and west-central Brooks...
Inverse kinematic and forward dynamic models of the 2002 Denali fault earthquake, Alaska
D. D. Oglesby, Douglas S. Dreger, R.A. Harris, N. Ratchkovski, R. Hansen
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S214-S233
We perform inverse kinematic and forward dynamic models of the M 7.9 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake to shed light on the rupture process and dynamics of this event, which took place on a geometrically complex fault system in central Alaska. We use a combination of local seismic and Global...
Multistage hydrothermal silicification and Fe-Tl-As-Sb-Ge-REE enrichment in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag district, northern Alaska: Geochemistry, origin, and exploration applications
J. F. Slack, K.D. Kelley, V.M. Anderson, J.L. Clark, R. A. Ayuso
2004, Economic Geology (99) 1481-1508
Geochemical analyses of major, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) in more than 200 samples of variably silicified and altered wall rocks, massive and banded sulfide, silica rock, and sulfide-rich and unmineralized barite were obtained from the Main, Aqqaluk, and Anarraaq deposits in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag district of northern...
Rupture process of the M 7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake: Subevents, directivity, and scaling of high-frequency ground motions
A. Frankel
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S234-S255
Displacement waveforms and high-frequency acceleration envelopes from stations at distances of 3-300 km were inverted to determine the source process of the M 7.9 Denali fault earthquake. Fitting the initial portion of the displacement waveforms indicates that the earthquake started with an oblique thrust subevent (subevent # 1) with an...
An integrated geospatial approach to monitoring the Bering Glacier system, Alaska
E.G. Josberger, J. Payne, S. Savage, R. Shuchman, G. Meadows
2004, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
The Bering Glacier is the largest and longest glacier in continental North America, with an area of approximately 5,175 km2, and a length of 190 km. It is also the largest surging glacier in America, having surged at least five times during the twentieth century. The last surge of the...
Density dependence and risk of extinction in a small population of sea otters
L.R. Gerber, K.E. Buenau, G. VanBlaricom
2004, Biodiversity and Conservation (13) 2741-2757
Sea otters (Enhydra lutris (L.)) were hunted to extinction off the coast of Washington State early in the 20th century. A new population was established by translocations from Alaska in 1969 and 1970. The population, currently numbering at least 550 animals, A major threat to the population is the ongoing...
Remotely triggered seismicity on the United States west coast following the Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake
S. G. Prejean, D.P. Hill, E. E. Brodsky, S. E. Hough, M.J.S. Johnston, S. D. Malone, D. H. Oppenheimer, A. M. Pitt, K. B. Richards-Dinger
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S348-S359
The Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake in central Alaska of 3 November 2002 triggered earthquakes across western North America at epicentral distances of up to at least 3660 km. We describe the spatial and temporal development of triggered activity in California and the Pacific Northwest, focusing on Mount Rainier,...
Surface rupture and slip distribution of the Denali and Totschunda faults in the 3 November 2002 M 7.9 earthquake, Alaska
Peter J. Haeussler, David P. Schwartz, Timothy E. Dawson, Heidi D. Stenner, James J. Lienkaemper, Brian Sherrod, Francesca R. Cinti, Paola Montone, Patricia Craw, Anthony J. Crone, Stephen F. Personius
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) S23-S52
The 3 November 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake resulted in 341 km of surface rupture on the Susitna Glacier, Denali, and Totschunda faults. The rupture proceeded from west to east and began with a 48-km-long break on the previously unknown Susitna Glacier thrust fault. Slip on this thrust averaged about...
Observations of deep long-period (DLP) seismic events beneath Aleutian arc volcanoes; 1989-2002
J.A. Power, S.D. Stihler, R.A. White, S.C. Moran
2004, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (138) 243-266
Between October 12, 1989 and December 31, 2002, the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) located 162 deep long-period (DLP) events beneath 11 volcanic centers in the Aleutian arc. These events generally occur at mid- to lower-crustal depths (10-45 km) and are characterized by emergent phases, extended codas, and a strong...
Chemical versus temporal controls on the evolution of tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magmas at two volcanoes in the Alaska-Aleutian arc
R. George, S. Turner, C. Hawkesworth, C. R. Bacon, C. Nye, P. Stelling, S. Dreher
2004, Journal of Petrology (45) 203-219
The Alaska-Aleutian island arc is well known for erupting both tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magmas. To investigate the relative roles of chemical and temporal controls in generating these contrasting liquid lines of descent we have undertaken a detailed study of tholeiitic lavas from Akutan volcano in the oceanic A1eutian arc and...
The influence of diet, consumption and lipid use on recruitment of white bass
W.J. Eckmayer, F.J. Margraf
2004, Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management (9) 133-141
The abundance of white bass (Morone chrysops) in Lake Erie has declined in recent years, sparking interest in mechanisms influencing its recruitment. We evaluate two mechanisms affecting recruitment: diet and the potential for competition, and storage of lipid energy reserves and the relationship to overwinter survival. The fish in our...
Temporal and geographic variation in survival of juvenile black brant
David H. Ward, Joel A. Schmutz, James S. Sedinger, Karen S. Bollinger, P. D. Martin, B.A. Anderson
2004, Condor (106) 263-274
First-year survival has important implications for the structure and growth of populations. We examined variation in seasonal survival of first-year Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) marked late in summer in Alaska at two brood-rearing areas on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (Tutakoke and Kokechik) and one area on the Arctic Coastal...
Dynamics of intertidal foraging by coastal brown bears in Southwestern Alaska
T. S. Smith, Steven T. Partridge
2004, Journal of Wildlife Management (68) 233-240
Shoreline areas provide early season foraging opportunities for coastal bears in Alaska. We investigated use by brown bears (Ursus arctos) of soft-shelled (Mya arenaria) and Pacific razor (Siliqua patula) clams at Katmai National Park, Alaska, USA, to identify the potential importance of these clams to bears. We used direct observations...
Variation in responses to spawning Pacific salmon among three south-eastern Alaska streams
D. T. Chaloner, G. A. Lamberti, R.W. Merritt, N.L. Mitchell, P.H. Ostrom, M.S. Wipfli
2004, Freshwater Biology (49) 587-599
1. Pacific salmon are thought to stimulate the productivity of the fresh waters in which they spawn by fertilising them with marine-derived nutrients (MDN). We compared the influence of salmon spawners on surface streamwater chemistry and benthic biota among three southeastern Alaska streams. Within each stream, reaches up- and downstream...
Density and success of bird nests relative to grazing on western Montana grasslands
Thomas F. Fondell, I.J. Ball
2004, Biological Conservation (117) 203-213
Grassland birds are declining at a faster rate than any other group of North American bird species. Livestock grazing is the primary economic use of grasslands in the western United States, but the effects of this use on distribution and productivity of grassland birds are unclear. We examined nest density...
Earthquake nucleation by transient deformations caused by the M = 7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake
J. Gomberg, P. Bodin, K. Larson, H. Dragert
2004, Nature (427) 621-624
The permanent and dynamic (transient) stress changes inferred to trigger earthquakes are usually orders of magnitude smaller than the stresses relaxed by the earthquakes themselves, implying that triggering occurs on critically stressed faults. Triggered seismicity rate increases may therefore be most likely to occur in areas where loading rates are...
