Land use/land cover change effects on temperature trends at U.S. Climate Normals stations
R. C. Hale, K. P. Gallo, T.W. Owen, Thomas R. Loveland
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
Alterations in land use/land cover (LULC) in areas near meteorological observation stations can influence the measurement of climatological variables such as temperature. Urbanization near climate stations has been the focus of considerable research attention, however conversions between non-urban LULC classes may also have an impact. In this study, trends of...
Use of Picard and Newton iteration for solving nonlinear ground water flow equations
S. Mehl
2006, Ground Water (44) 583-594
This study examines the use of Picard and Newton iteration to solve the nonlinear, saturated ground water flow equation. Here, a simple three-node problem is used to demonstrate the convergence difficulties that can arise when solving the nonlinear, saturated ground water flow equation in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems with...
Denali fault slip rates and Holocene-late Pleistocene kinematics of central Alaska
A. Matmon, David P. Schwartz, Peter J. Haeussler, R. Finkel, J. J. Lienkaemper, Heidi D. Stenner, T. E. Dawson
2006, Geology (34) 645-648
The Denali fault is the principal intracontinental strike-slip fault accommodating deformation of interior Alaska associated with the Yakutat plate convergence. We obtained the first quantitative late Pleistocene-Holocene slip rates on the Denali fault system from dating offset geomorphic features. Analysis of cosmogenic 10Be concentrations in boulders (n = 27) and...
Can hunting of translocated nuisance Canada geese reduce local conflicts?
R.A. Holevinski, R.A. Malecki, Paul D. Curtis
2006, Wildlife Society Bulletin (34) 845-849
Resident Canada geese (Branta canadensis) nest or reside in the temperate latitudes of North America. In past years, translocation-the capture and subsequent release of geese at distant locations-has been used to establish resident goose populations and to reduce nuisance problems. However, with new special hunting seasons designed to target resident...
A model for autumn pelagic distribution of adult female polar bears in the Chukchi Seas, 1987-1994
George M. Durner, David C. Douglas, R. M. Nielson, Steven C. Amstrup
2006, Report
We made predictions of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) autumn distribution in the Chukchi Sea with a Resource Selection Function (RSF) developed from 1198 satellite radio-collar locations on 124 adult female polar bears, 1987 – 1994. The RSF was created to assist in an aerial survey design for polar bears proposed...
Future for polar bears in a declining sea ice environment: What do we know?
Steven C. Amstrup
2006, Conference Paper
During an April 22, 2006, interview on the CBC radio program “The House,” Tim Flannery, author of the recent book “The Weathermakers,” stated, “Projections of the polar bear specialists are that by about 2030, around that date, the species will be extinct because of global warming induced changes in the...
Modeling of gene expression pattern alteration by p,p′-DDE and dieldrin in largemouth bass
Natalia Garcia-Reyero, David Barber, Timothy Gross, Nancy Denslow
2006, Marine Environmental Research (62) 415-419
In this study, largemouth bass (LMB) were subchronically exposed to p,p′-DDE or dieldrin in their diet to evaluate the effect of exposure on expression of genes involved in reproduction and steroid homeostasis. Using real-time PCR, we detected a different gene expression pattern for each OCP, suggesting that they each affect...
Proterozoic evolution of the western margin of the Wyoming craton: Implications for the tectonic and magmatic evolution of the northern Rocky Mountains
D.A. Foster, P.A. Mueller, D.W. Mogk, J. L. Wooden, J.J. Vogl
2006, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (43) 1601-1619
Defining the extent and age of basement provinces west of the exposed western margin of the Archean Wyoming craton has been elusive because of thick sedimentary cover and voluminous Cretaceous-Tertiary magmatism. U-Pb zircon geochronological data from small exposures of pre-Belt supergroup basement along the western side of the Wyoming craton,...
Dissimilatory arsenate and sulfate reduction in sediments of two hypersaline, arsenic-rich soda lakes: Mono and Searles Lakes, California
T.R. Kulp, S.E. Hoeft, L.G. Miller, C. Saltikov, J.N. Murphy, S. Han, B. Lanoil, R.S. Oremland
2006, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (72) 6514-6526
A radioisotope method was devised to study bacterial respiratory reduction of arsenate in sediments. The following two arsenic-rich soda lakes in California were chosen for comparison on the basis of their different salinities: Mono Lake (∼90 g/liter) and Searles Lake (∼340 g/liter). Profiles of arsenate reduction...
Comparing mean high water and high water line shorelines: Should prosy-datum offsets be incorporated into shoreline change analysis?
L. J. Moore, P. Ruggiero, J. H. List
2006, Journal of Coastal Research (22) 894-905
More than one type of shoreline indicator can be used in shoreline change analyses, and quantifying the effects of this practice on the resulting shoreline change rates is important. Comparison of three high water line (proxy-based) shorelines and a mean high water intercept (datum-based) shoreline collected from simultaneous aerial photographic...
Accumulation of As, Cd and selected trace elements in tubers of Scirpus aritimus L. from Doñana marshes (South Spain)
P. Madejon, J.M. Murillo, T. Maranon, J. L. Espinar, F. Cabrera
2006, Chemosphere (64) 742-748
The collapse of a pyrite-mining, tailing dam on 1998 contaminated an area of 4286 ha along the Agrio and Guadiamar river valleys in southern Spain. Over 2700 ha of the Doñana marshes, an important wintering area for wetland European birds, were contaminated. This study reports analyses of the tubers of Scirpus maritimus...
Influence of riffle and snag habitat specific sampling on stream macroinvertebrate assemblage measures in bioassessment
L. Wang, B.W. Weigel, P. Kanehl, K. Lohman
2006, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (119) 245-273
Stream macroinvertebrate communities vary naturally among types of habitats where they are sampled, which affects the results of environmental assessment. We analyzed macroinvertebrates collected from riffle and snag habitats to evaluate influences of habitat-specific sampling on taxon occurrence, assemblage measures, and biotic indices. We found considerably more macroinvertebrate taxa unique...
Niche evolution and adaptive radiation: Testing the order of trait divergence
D. D. Ackerly, D.W. Schwilk, C.O. Webb
2006, Ecology (87)
In the course of an adaptive radiation, the evolution of niche parameters is of particular interest for understanding modes of speciation and the consequences for coexistence of related species within communities. We pose a general question: In the course of an evolutionary radiation, do traits related to within-community niche differences...
Interlaboratory evaluation of Hyalella azteca and Chironomus tentans short-term and long-term sediment toxicity tests
T. J. Norberg-King, P.K. Sibley, G.A. Burton, C.G. Ingersoll, N.E. Kemble, S. Ireland, D.R. Mount, C.D. Rowland
2006, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (25) 2662-2674
Methods for assessing the long-term toxicity of sediments to Hyalella azteca and Chironomus tentans can significantly enhance the capacity to assess sublethal effects of contaminated sediments through multiple endpoints. Sublethal tests allow us to begin to understand the relationship between short-term and long-term effects for toxic sediments. We present an...
Are subcutaneous transmitters better than intracoelomic? The relevance of reporting methodology to interpreting results
Daniel M. Mulcahy
2006, Wildlife Society Bulletin (34) 884-889
Biologists rely on published scientific papers to increase their knowledge and to guide their future work. Papers comparing techniques can be especially influential when several options exist for accomplishing a task. In this paper, I use a recent publication comparing the effects on birds of several methods for attaching or...
Multiple baseline radar interferometry applied to coastal land cover classification and change analyses
Elijah W. Ramsey III, Z. Lu, A. Rangoonwala, Russ Rykhus
2006, GIScience and Remote Sensing (43) 283-309
ERS-1 and ERS-2 SAR data were collected in tandem over a four-month period and used to generate interferometric coherence, phase, and intensity products that we compared to a classified land cover coastal map of Big Bend, Florida. Forests displayed the highest intensity, and marshes the lowest. The intensity for fresh...
Abundance of adult horseshoe crabs (Limulus polylphemus) in Delaware Bay estimated from a bay-wide mark-recapture study
D. R. Smith, M. J. Millard, S. Eyler
2006, Fishery Bulletin (104) 456-464
Estimates of the abundance of American horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are important to determine egg production and to manage populations for the energetic needs of shorebirds that feed on horseshoe crab eggs. In 2003, over 17,500 horseshoe crabs were tagged and released throughout Delaware Bay, and recaptured crabs came from...
Nest survival in dusky Canada geese (Branta canadensis occidentalis): Use of discrete-time models
J.B. Grand, T.F. Fondell, Dick Miller, R. Michael Anthony
2006, The Auk (123) 198-210
The Dusky Canada Goose (Branta canadensis occidentalis) population that breeds in the Copper River Delta, Alaska, has declined substantially since the late 1970s. Persistent low numbers have been attributed to low productivity in recent years. We examined patterns in survival rates of 1,852 nests to better understand ecological processes that...
Multidecadal climate variability of global lands and oceans
G.J. McCabe, M.A. Palecki
2006, International Journal of Climatology (26) 849-865
Principal components analysis (PCA) and singular value decomposition (SVD) are used to identify the primary modes of decadal and multidecadal variability in annual global Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) values and sea-surface temperature (SSTs). The PDSI and SST data for 1925-2003 were detrended and smoothed (with a 10-year moving average)...
Detection and quantification of Renibacterium salmoninarum DNA in salmonid tissues by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis
D.M. Chase, D.G. Elliott, R.J. Pascho
2006, Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (18) 375-380
Renibacterium salmoninarum is an important salmonid pathogen that is difficult to culture. We developed and assessed a real-time, quantitative, polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for the detection and enumeration of R. salmoninarum. The qPCR is based on TaqMan technology and amplifies a 69-base pair (bp) region of the gene encoding...
Distribution and abundance of fungi in the soils of Taylor Valley, Antarctica
L. Connell, R. Redman, S. Craig, R. Rodriguez
2006, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (38) 3083-3094
The occurrence and distribution of culturable fungi in Taylor Valley, Antarctica was assessed in terms of soil habitat. Soil transects throughout the valley revealed differential habitat utilization between filamentous and non-filamentous (yeast and yeast-like) fungi. In addition, there were significant differences in species distribution patterns with respect to soil pH,...
Far-field effects of early Tertiary ridge subduction in Alaska
D. C. Bradley, R.M. Friedman, P.W. Layer, Peter J. Haeussler, A.B. Till, S. M. Roeske, Marti L. Miller
2006, Conference Paper, Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs Specialty Meeting No 2:91
No abstract available. ...
Influence of propagule flotation longevity and light availability on establishment of introduced mangrove species in Hawai'i
J. A. Allen, K. W. Krauss
2006, Pacific Science (60) 367-376
Although no mangrove species are native to the Hawaiian Archipelago, both Rbizopbora mangle and Bruguiera sexangula were introduced and have become naturalized. Rbizopbora mangle has spread to almost every major Hawaiian island, but B. sexangula has established only on O'ahu, where it was intentionally introduced. To examine the possibility that...
Introduction of translation stop codons into the viral glycoprotein gene in a fish DNA vaccine eliminates induction of protective immunity
K.A. Garver, C. M. Conway, Gael Kurath
2006, Marine Biotechnology (8) 351-356
A highly efficacious DNA vaccine against a fish rhabdovirus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), was mutated to introduce two stop codons to prevent glycoprotein translation while maintaining the plasmid DNA integrity and RNA transcription ability. The mutated plasmid vaccine, denoted pIHNw-G2stop, when injected intramuscularly into fish at high doses, lacked...
Evolution of fracture and fault-controlled fluid pathways in carbonates of the Albanides fold-thrust belt
Wall B.R. Graham, R. Girbacea, A. Mesonjesi, A. Aydin
2006, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (90) 1227-1249
The process of fracture and fault formation in carbonates of the Albanides fold-thrust belt has been systematically documented using hierarchical development of structural elements from hand sample, outcrop, and geologic-map scales. The function of fractures and faults in fluid migration was elucidated using calcite cement and bitumen in these structures...
