Late Quaternary sedimentary features of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho
J. P. Smoot
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 49-104
Bear Lake sediments were predominantly aragonite for most of the Holocene, reflecting a hydrologically closed lake fed by groundwater and small streams. During the late Pleistocene, the Bear River flowed into Bear Lake and the lake waters spilled back into the Bear River drainage. At that time, sediment deposition was...
Postimpact heat conduction and compaction-driven fluid flow in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure based on downhole vitrinite reflectance data, ICDP-USGS Eyreville deep core holes and Cape Charles test holes
M.L. Malinconico, W. E. Sanford, Horton W.J.J. Wright Jr.
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 905-930
Vitrinite reflectance data from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP)-U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Eyreville deep cores in the centralcrater moat of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure and the Cape Charles test holes on the central uplift show patterns of postimpact maximum-temperature distribution that result from a combination of conductive...
Bird population density estimated from acoustic signals
D.K. Dawson, M.G. Efford
2009, Journal of Applied Ecology (46) 1201-1209
Many animal species are detected primarily by sound. Although songs, calls and other sounds are often used for population assessment, as in bird point counts and hydrophone surveys of cetaceans, there are few rigorous methods for estimating population density from acoustic data. 2. The problem has several parts - distinguishing...
Hierarchical spatial genetic structure of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) breeding along a migratory corridor
Sarah A. Sonsthagen, Sandra L. Talbot, Richard B. Lanctot, Kim T. Scribner, Kevin G. McCracken
2009, The Auk (126) 744-754
Documentation of spatial genetic discordance among breeding populations of Arctic-nesting avian species is important, because anthropogenic change is altering environmental linkages at micro- and macrogeographic scales. We estimated levels of population subdivision within Pacific Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) breeding on 12 barrier islands in the western...
On near-source earthquake triggering
T. Parsons, A.A. Velasco
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
[1] When one earthquake triggers others nearby, what connects them? Two processes are observed: static stress change from fault offset and dynamic stress changes from passing seismic waves. In the near-source region (r ≤ 50 km for M ∼ 5 sources) both processes may be operating, and since both...
The surface of Mars: An unusual laboratory that preserves a record of catastrophic and unusual events
M. G. Chapman
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 1-14
Catastrophic and unusual events on Earth such as bolide impacts, megafloods, supereruptions, flood volcanism, and subice volcanism may have devastating effects when they occur. Although these processes have unique characteristics and form distinctive features and deposits, we have diffi culties identifying them and measuring the magnitude of their effects. Our...
A comparison of pre- and post-remediation water quality, Mineral Creek, Colorado
R.L. Runkel, K.E. Bencala, B. A. Kimball, K. Walton-Day, P. L. Verplanck
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 3319-3333
Pre- and post-remediation data sets are used herein to assess the effectiveness of remedial measures implemented in the headwaters of the Mineral Creek watershed, where contamination from hard rock mining has led to elevated metal concentrations and acidic pH. Collection of pre- and post-remediation data sets generally followed the synoptic...
Factors associated with arrival densities of grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) and baird's sparrow (A. bairdii) in the upper great plains
M.A. Ahlering, Douglas H. Johnson, John Faaborg
2009, The Auk (126) 799-808
Although critical to habitat and population management, the proximate cues that birds use to establish territories are largely unknown. Understanding these cues is important for birds, such as many grassland birds, that exhibit high annual variability in population density and make new habitat-selection decisions annually. Identifying the actual cues used...
Megablocks and melt pockets in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure constrained by magnetic field measurements and properties of the Eyreville and Cape Charles cores
A. K. Shah, D. L. Daniels, A. Kontny, J. Brozena
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 195-208
We use magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetization measurements of the Eyreville and Cape Charles cores in combination with new and previously collected magnetic field data in order to constrain structural features within the inner basin of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. The Eyreville core shows the first evidence of several-hundred-meter-thick...
Cross-comparison of the IRS-P6 AWiFS sensor with the L5 TM, L7 ETM+, & Terra MODIS sensors
G. Chander, X. Xiong, A. Angal, T. Choi, R. Malla
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
As scientists and decision makers increasingly rely on multiple Earth-observing satellites to address urgent global issues, it is imperative that they can rely on the accuracy of Earth-observing data products. This paper focuses on the crosscomparison of the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS-P6) Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) with the Landsat...
Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan
M.B. Nevers, D.A. Shively, G.T. Kleinheinz, C.M. McDermott, W. Schuster, V. Chomeau, R.L. Whitman
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 2357-2364
To determine more accurately the real-time concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in beach water, predictive modeling has been applied in several locations around the Great Lakes to individual or small groups of similar beaches. Using 24 beaches in Door County, Wisconsin, we attempted to expand predictive models to multiple...
Interannual variation of carbon fluxes from three contrasting evergreen forests: The role of forest dynamics and climate
C.A. Sierra, H.W. Loescher, M. E. Harmon, A.D. Richardson, D.Y. Hollinger, S.S. Perakis
2009, Ecology (90) 2711-2723
Interannual variation of carbon fluxes can be attributed to a number of biotic and abiotic controls that operate at different spatial and temporal scales. Type and frequency of disturbance, forest dynamics, and climate regimes are important sources of variability. Assessing the variability of carbon fluxes from these specific sources can...
Geodetically inferred coseismic and postseismic slip due to the M 5.4 31 October 2007 Alum Rock earthquake
J. R. Murray-Moraleda, R.W. Simpson
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 2784-2800
On 31 October 2007 the M 5.4 Alum Rock earthquake occurred near the junction between the Hayward and Calaveras faults in the San Francisco Bay Area, producing coseismic and postseismic displacements recorded by 10 continuously operating Global Positioning System (GPS) instruments. The cumulative postseismic displacements over the four months following...
Making fired bricks with spent equilibrium catalyst-a technical feasibility study
M.-L. Chou, L.-M. Chen, Y.-C. Lai, S.-F. Chou
2009, Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management (35) 200-208
Fluid catalytic cracking in an oil refinery uses a catalyst, such as an alumino-silicate zeolite, in the conversion of heavy hydrocarbons to light hydrocarbons. A small fraction of the catalyst is continually replaced with fresh catalyst to maintain activity. In North America, more than 400 tons of spent alumino-silicate equilibrium...
Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007
J.J. Love, J.L. Gannon
2009, Annales Geophysicae (27) 3101-3131
A revised version of the storm-time disturbance index Dst is calculated using hourly-mean magnetic-observatory data from four standard observatories and collected over the years 1958-2007. The calculation algorithm is a revision of that established by Sugiura et al., and which is now used by the Kyoto World Data Center for...
Steric hindrance and the enhanced stability of light rare-earth elements in hydrothermal fluids
Robert A. Mayanovic, Alan J. Anderson, William A. Bassett, I.-M. Chou
2009, American Mineralogist (94) 1487-1490
A series of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments were made to determine the structure and stability of aqueous REE (La, Nd, Gd, and Yb) chloride complexes to 500 ??C and 520 MPa. The REE3+ ions exhibit inner-sphere chloroaqua complexation with a steady increase of chloride coordination with increasing temperature in...
Seasonal-scale nearshore morphological evolution: Field observations and numerical modeling
P. Ruggiero, D.-J.R. Walstra, G. Gelfenbaum, Ormondt M. van
2009, Coastal Engineering (56) 1153-1172
A coupled waves-currents-bathymetric evolution model (DELFT-3D) is compared with field measurements to test hypotheses regarding the processes responsible for alongshore varying nearshore morphological changes at seasonal time scales. A 2001 field experiment, along the beaches adjacent to Grays Harbor, Washington, USA, captured the transition between the high-energy erosive conditions of...
On constraining pilot point calibration with regularization in PEST
M.N. Fienen, C.T. Muffels, R. J. Hunt
2009, Ground Water (47) 835-844
Ground water model calibration has made great advances in recent years with practical tools such as PEST being instrumental for making the latest techniques available to practitioners. As models and calibration tools get more sophisticated, however, the power of these tools can be misapplied, resulting in poor parameter estimates and/or...
Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) water fluxes before, during and after episodic defoliation by the saltcedar leaf beetle
K. R. Hultine, P.L. Nagler, P.E. Dennison, S.E. Bush, J.R. Ehleringer
2009, Book, Acta Horticulturae: VII International Workshop on Sap Flow
Tamarisk (Tamarix) species are among the most successful and economically costly plant invaders in the western United States, in part due to its potential to remove large amounts of water from shallow aquifers. Accordingly, local, state and federal agencies have released a new biological control - the saltcedar leaf beetle...
Relative importance of habitat area and isolation for bird occurrence patterns in a naturally patchy landscape
T.L. Wilson, E.J. Johnson, J.A. Bissonette
2009, Landscape Ecology (24) 351-360
There is debate among ecologists about whether total habitat area or patch arrangement contributes most to population and/or community responses to fragmented or patchy landscapes. We tested the relative effects of patch area and isolation for predicting bird occurrence in a naturally patchy landscape in the Bear River Mountains of...
Pliocene three-dimensional global ocean temperature reconstruction
H.J. Dowsett, M.M. Robinson, K.M. Foley
2009, Climate of the Past (5) 769-783
The thermal structure of the mid-Piacenzian ocean is obtained by combining the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping Project (PRISM3) multiproxy sea-surface temperature (SST) reconstruction with bottom water temperature estimates from 27 locations produced using Mg/Ca paleothermometry based upon the ostracod genus Krithe. Deep water temperature estimates are skewed toward...
Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model
X. Xu, D. Liang, K.M. Andreadis, L. Tsang, E.G. Josberger
2009, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
In this paper, we considered a physical-based model which use numerical solution of Maxwell Equations in three-dimensional simulations and apply into Dense Media Radiative Theory (DMRT). The model is validated in two specific dataset from the second Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX II) at Alaska and Colorado. The data were...
A guide to differences between stochastic point-source and stochastic finite-fault simulations
G. M. Atkinson, K. Assatourians, D.M. Boore, K. Campbell, D. Motazedian
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 3192-3201
Why do stochastic point-source and finite-fault simulation models not agree on the predicted ground motions for moderate earthquakes at large distances? This question was posed by Ken Campbell, who attempted to reproduce the Atkinson and Boore (2006) ground-motion prediction equations for eastern North America using the stochastic point-source program SMSIM...
Joint spatiotemporal variability of global sea surface temperatures and global Palmer drought severity index values
S. Apipattanavis, G.J. McCabe, B. Rajagopalan, S. Gangopadhyay
2009, Journal of Climate (22) 6251-6267
Dominant modes of individual and joint variability in global sea surface temperatures (SST) and global Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) values for the twentieth century are identified through a multivariate frequency domain singular value decomposition. This analysis indicates that a secular trend and variability related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation...
Tsunamis and splay fault dynamics
J. Wendt, D. D. Oglesby, E.L. Geist
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
The geometry of a fault system can have significant effects on tsunami generation, but most tsunami models to date have not investigated the dynamic processes that determine which path rupture will take in a complex fault system. To gain insight into this problem, we use the 3D finite element method...
