Landscape change and relative elevation sub-models
Gregory D. Steyer, Brady Couvillion, Hongqing Wang, William J. Sleavin, John M. Rybczyk, Nadine Trahan, Holly Beck, Craig J. Fischenich, Ronald G. Boustany, Yvonne C. Allen
2007, Report, Louisiana's comprehensive coastal protection master plan for a sustainable coast
No abstract available...
Multicriteria decision analysis: Overview and implications for environmental decision making
Caroline M. Hermans, Jon D. Erickson
Jon D. Erickson, Frank Messner, Irene Ring, editor(s)
2007, Book chapter, Advances in the Economics of Environmental Resources
Environmental decision making involving multiple stakeholders can benefit from the use of a formal process to structure stakeholder interactions, leading to more successful outcomes than traditional discursive decision processes. There are many tools available to handle complex decision making. Here we illustrate the use of a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA)...
United States‐Mexican border watershed assessment: Modeling nonpoint source pollution in Ambos Nogales
Laura M. Norman
2007, Journal of Borderlands Studies (22) 79-97
Ecological considerations need to be interwoven with economic policy and planning along the United States‐Mexican border. Non‐point source pollution can have significant implications for the availability of potable water and the continued health of borderland ecosystems in arid lands. However, environmental assessments in this region present a host of unique...
Electrical activity during the 2006 Mount St. Augustine volcanic eruptions
Ronald J. Thomas, Paul R. Krehbiel, William Rison, H. E. Edens, G. D. Aulich, S.R. McNutt, Guy Tytgat, E. Clark
2007, Science (315) 1097-1097
By using a combination of radio frequency time-of-arrival and interferometer measurements, we observed a sequence of lightning and electrical activity during one of Mount St. Augustine's eruptions. The observations indicate that the electrical activity had two modes or phases. First, there was an explosive phase in which the ejecta from...
Volcanic ash plume identification using polarization lidar: Augustine eruption, Alaska
Kenneth Sassen, Jiang Zhu, Peter W. Webley, K. Dean, Patrick Cobb
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
During mid January to early February 2006, a series of explosive eruptions occurred at the Augustine volcanic island off the southern coast of Alaska. By early February a plume of volcanic ash was transported northward into the interior of Alaska. Satellite imagery and Puff volcanic ash transport model predictions confirm...
The question of recharge to the deep thermal reservoir underlying the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park: Chapter H in Integrated geoscience studies in Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area—Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem
Robert O. Rye, Alfred Hemingway Truesdell
Lisa A. Morgan, editor(s)
2007, Professional Paper 1717-H
The extraordinary number, size, and unspoiled beauty of the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park (the Park) make them a national treasure. The hydrology of these special features and their relation to cold waters of the Yellowstone area are poorly known. In the absence of deep drill holes,...
Modeling the dynamic response of a crater glacier to lava-dome emplacement: Mount St Helens, Washington, USA
Stephen F. Price, Joseph S. Walder
2007, Annals of Glaciology (45) 21-28
The debris-rich glacier that grew in the crater of Mount St Helens after the volcano's cataclysmic 1980 eruption was split in two by a new lava dome in 2004. For nearly six months, the eastern part of the glacier was squeezed against the crater wall as the lava...
A user-friendly one-dimensional model for wet volcanic plumes
Larry G. Mastin
2007, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (8)
This paper presents a user-friendly graphically based numerical model of one-dimensional steady state homogeneous volcanic plumes that calculates and plots profiles of upward velocity, plume density, radius, temperature, and other parameters as a function of height. The model considers effects of water condensation and ice formation on plume dynamics as...
Explosive eruptive record in the Katmai region, Alaska Peninsula: An overview
Judy Fierstein
2007, Bulletin of Volcanology (69) 469-509
At least 15 explosive eruptions from the Katmai cluster of volcanoes and another nine from other volcanoes on the Alaska Peninsula are preserved as tephra layers in syn- and post-glacial (Last Glacial Maximum) loess and soil sections in Katmai National Park, AK. About 400 tephra samples...
Hydrothermal systems and volcano geochemistry
R.O. Fournier
2007, Book chapter, Volcano deformation--Geodetic monitoring techniques
The upward intrusion of magma from deeper to shallower levels beneath volcanoes obviously plays an important role in their surface deformation. This chapter will examine less obvious roles that hydrothermal processes might play in volcanic deformation. Emphasis will be placed on the effect that the transition from brittle to plastic...
National volcanic ash operations plan for aviation
United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2007, Report
The National Aviation Weather Program Strategic Plan (1997) and the National Aviation Weather Initiatives (1999) both identified volcanic ash as a high-priority informational need to aviation services. The risk to aviation from airborne volcanic ash is known and includes degraded engine performance (including flameout), loss of visibility, failure of critical...
Lava effusion rate definition and measurement: a review
Sonia Calvari, Jonathan Dehn, A. Harris
2007, Bulletin of Volcanology (70) 1-22
Measurement of effusion rate is a primary objective for studies that model lava flow and magma system dynamics, as well as for monitoring efforts during on-going eruptions. However, its exact definition remains a source of confusion, and problems occur when comparing volume flux values that are averaged over different time...
Observations of volcanic tremor during January-February 2005 eruption of Mt. Veniaminof, Alaska
Slivio De Angelis, Stephen R. McNutt
2007, Bulletin of Volcanology (69) 927-940
Mt. Veniaminof, Alaska Peninsula, is a stratovolcano with a summit ice-filled caldera containing a small intracaldera cone and active vent. From January 2 to February 21, 2005, Mt. Veniaminof erupted. The eruption was characterized by numerous small ash emissions (VEI 0 to 1) and accompanied by low-frequency earthquake activity and...
Swarms of repeating long-period earthquakes at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, 2001-2004
Tanja Petersen
2007, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (166) 177-192
During 2001–2004, a series of four periods of elevated long-period seismic activity, each lasting about 1–2 months, occurred at Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska. The time periods are termed swarms of repeating events, reflecting an abundance of earthquakes with highly similar waveforms that indicate stable, non-destructive...
Analytical volcano deformation source models
Michael Lisowski
Daniel Dzurisin, editor(s)
2007, Book chapter, Volcano deformation--Geodetic monitoring techniques
Primary volcanic landforms are created by the ascent and eruption of magma. The ascending magma displaces and interacts with surrounding rock and fluids as it creates new pathways, flows through cracks or conduits, vesiculates, and accumulates in underground reservoirs. The formation of new pathways and pressure changes within existing...
Predicting and validating the motion of an ash cloud during the 2006 eruption of Mount Augustine volcano
Richard L. Collins, Javier Fochesatto, Kenneth Sassen, Peter W. Webley, David E. Atkinson, Kenneson G. Dean, Catherine F. Cahill, Kohei Mizutani
2007, Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (54) 17-28
On 11 January 2006, Mount Augustine volcano in southern Alaska began erupting after 20- year repose. The Anchorage Forecast Office of the National Weather Service (NWS) issued an advisory on 28 January for Kodiak City. On 31 January, Alaska Airlines cancelled all flights to and from Anchorage after multiple advisories...
Debris flow hazards mitigation--Mechanics, prediction, and assessment
Chiu-Lan Chen, Jon J. Major, editor(s)
2007, Book
These proceedings contain papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment held in Chengdu, China, September 10-13, 2007. The papers cover a wide range of topics on debris-flow science and engineering, including the factors triggering debris flows, geomorphic effects,...
Incremental assembly and prolonged consolidation of Cordilleran magma chambers--Evidence from the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field
Peter W. Lipman
2007, Geosphere (3) 42-70
Recent inference that Mesozoic Cordilleran plutons grew incrementally during >106 yr intervals, without the presence of voluminous eruptible magma at any stage, minimizes close associations with large ignimbrite calderas. Alternatively, Tertiary ignimbrites in the Rocky Mountains and elsewhere, with volumes of 1–5 × 103 km3, record multistage histories...
Pāhoehoe flow cooling, discharge, and coverage rates from thermal image chronometry
Jonathan Dehn, Christopher M. Hamilton, A. J. L. Harris, Richard A. Herd, M.R. James, Luigi Lodato, Andrea Steffke
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
Theoretically- and empirically-derived cooling rates for active pāhoehoe lava flows show that surface cooling is controlled by conductive heat loss through a crust that is thickening with the square root of time. The model is based on a linear relationship that links log(time) with surface cooling. This predictable cooling behavior can...
Seismo-acoustic signals associated with degassing explosions recorded at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, 2003-2004
T. Petersen
2007, Bulletin of Volcanology (69) 527-536
In summer 2003, a Chaparral Model 2 microphone was deployed at Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska. The pressure sensor was co-located with a short-period seismometer on the volcano’s north flank at a distance of 6.62 km from the active summit vent. The seismo-acoustic data exhibit a correlation between impulsive acoustic signals...
Directed blasts and blast-generated pyroclastic density currents: a comparison of the Bezymianny 1956, Mount St Helens 1980, and Soufrière Hills, Montserrat 1997 eruptions and deposits
Alexander Belousov, Barry Voight, Marina Belousova
2007, Bulletin of Volcanology (69) 701-740
We compare eruptive dynamics, effects and deposits of the Bezymianny 1956 (BZ), Mount St Helens 1980 (MSH), and Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat 1997 (SHV) eruptions, the key events of which included powerful directed blasts. Each blast subsequently generated a high-energy stratified pyroclastic density current (PDC) with a high speed at...
Scale-dependent approaches to modeling spatial epidemiology of chronic wasting disease.
Mary M. Conner, John E. Gross, Paul C. Cross, Michael R. Ebinger, Robert Gillies, Michael D. Samuel, Michael W. Miller
2007, Book
This e-book is the product of a second workshop that was funded and promoted by the United States Geological Survey to enhance cooperation between states for the management of chronic wasting disease (CWD). The first workshop addressed issues surrounding the statistical design and collection of surveillance data for CWD. The...
Monitoring alpine plants for climate change: The North American GLORIA Project
C. Millar, Daniel B. Fagre
2007, Mountain Views (1)
Alpine Environments Globally, alpine environments are hotspots of biodiversity, often harboring higher diversity of plant species than corresponding areas at lower elevations. These regions are also likely to experience more severe and rapid change in climate than lowlands under conditions of anthropogenic warming (Theurillat & Guisan 2001; Halloy & Mark 2003;...
Adapting to the reality of climate change at Glacier National Park, Montana, USA
Daniel B. Fagre
2007, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the first international conference on the impact of climate change: On high-mountain systems
The glaciers of Glacier National Park (GNP) are disappearing rapidly and likely will be gone by 2030. These alpine glaciers have been continuously present for approximately 7,000 years so their loss from GNP in another 25 years underscores the significance of current climate change. There are presently only 27 glaciers...
Where the buffalo roam: The role of history and genetics in the conservation of bison on U.S. federal lands
Natalie D. Halbert, Peter J. Gogan, Ron Hiebert, James N. Derr
2007, Park Science (24) 22-29
As an emblem of the Great Plains, American Indians, and wildlife conservation, the American bison (Bison bison) is one of the most visible and well-known of wildlife species in North America (fig. 1, above). Species of the genus Bison originally entered the continent via the Bering land bridge from...
