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Open-File Report 2014–1018


Sea-Floor Geology in Northwestern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island


Conversion Factors, Datum, and Abbreviations

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SI to Inch/Pound

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Length
millimeter (mm) 0.03937 inch (in.)
centimeter (cm) 0.3937 inch (in.)
meter (m) 3.281 foot (ft)
meter (m) 1.094 yard (yd)
kilometer (km) 0.6214 mile (mi)
kilometer (km) 0.5400 mile, nautical (nmi)
Area
square meter (m²) 10.76 square foot (ft²)
square kilometer (km²) 0.3861 square mile (mi²)

Phi-notation (Krumbein, 1934) as used in this report is defined as Φ = -log2 (d), where d is the grain diameter in millimeters. Phi-class intervals in millimeters are given in the data dictionary in the Sediments section of this report.

The frequency of multibeam bathymetry is measured in kilohertz (kHz), 1,000 cycles per second.

Horizontal coordinate information projected in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 19 is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83); horizontal information in geographic coordinates is referenced to the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84). The vertical datum for tidal-zone measurements is mean lower low water (MLLW) [the average of the lower low water height of each tidal day observed over the national tidal datum epoch].

Abbreviations

BASE - bathymetry adjusted for statistical error

DGPS - differential global positioning system

FAQ - frequently asked questions

GCS - Geographic Coordinate System

GIS - geographic information system

HTML - Hyperlink Text Markup Language

kHz - kilohertz

µm - micrometer

MBES - multibeam echosounder

MLLW - mean lower low water

NAD 83 - North American Datum of 1983

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

RV - research vessel

SEABOSS - Seabed Observation and Sampling System

s - second

USGS - U.S. Geological Survey

UTM - Universal Transverse Mercator

WGS 84 - World Geodetic System of 1984

XML - Extensible Markup Language

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