Does life history predict risk-taking behavior of wintering dabbling ducks?
Joshua T. Ackerman, J.M. Eadie, T.G. Moore
2006, Condor (108) 530-546
Life-history theory predicts that longer-lived, less fecund species should take fewer risks when exposed to predation than shorter-lived, more fecund species. We tested this prediction for seven species of dabbling ducks (Anas) by measuring the approach behavior (behavior of ducks when approaching potential landing sites) of 1099 duck flocks during...
Dietary exposure of largemouth bass to OCPs changes expression of genes important for reproduction
Natalia Garcia-Reyero, D.S. Barber, T. S. Gross, K. G. Johnson, M. S. Sepulveda, N.J. Szabo, N. D. Denslow
2006, Aquatic Toxicology (78) 358-369
Dieldrin and p,p???-DDE are ubiquitous contaminants known to act as endocrine disruptors, causing impaired development and reproduction in fish and wildlife. In order to elucidate the mechanisms by which dieldrin and p,p???-DDE cause endocrine disruption in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), fish were exposed subchronically through the diet to both contaminants....
A survey of chemical constituents in National Fish Hatchery fish feed
Alec G. Maule, Ann Gannam, Jay Davis
2006, Report
Recent studies have demonstrated that various fish feeds contain significant concentrations of contaminants, many of which can bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate in fish. It appears that numerous organochlorine (OC) contaminants are present in the fish oils and fish meals used in feed manufacture, and some researchers speculate that all fish feeds...
Peak flow responses to landscape disturbances caused by the cataclysmic 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
Jon J. Major, Linda E. Mark
2006, Geological Society of America Bulletin (118) 938-958
Years of discharge measurements that precede and follow the cataclysmic 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, provide an exceptional opportunity to examine the responses of peak flows to abrupt, widespread, devastating landscape disturbance. Multiple basins surrounding Mount St. Helens (300–1300 km2 drainage areas) were variously disturbed by: (1) a debris...
Characterization of the physiological stress response in lingcod
R.H. Milston, M.W. Davis, S.J. Parker, B.L. Olla, S. Clements, C.B. Schreck
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 1165-1174
The goal of this study was to describe the duration and magnitude of the physiological stress response in lingcod Ophiodon elongatus after exposure to brief handling and sublethal air stressors. The response to these stressors was determined during a 24-h recovery period by measuring concentrations of plasma cortisol, lactate, glucose,...
Recurrence of postseismic coastal uplift, Kuril subduction zone, Japan
H. Kelsey, K. Satake, Y. Sawai, B. Sherrod, K. Shimokawa, M. Shishikura
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
Coastal stratigraphy of eastern Hokkaido indicates that decimeters of coastal uplitt occurred repeatedly m the late Holocene. Employing radiocarbon dating and tephrochronology, we identify along a 100 km length of the Kuril subduction zone six uplift events since ???2,800 years B.P. Uplift events occur at the same frequency as unusually...
Restoration of breeding by snowy plovers following protection from disturbance
K. D. Lafferty, D. Goodman, C.P. Sandoval
2006, Biodiversity and Conservation (15) 2217-2230
Promoting recreation and preserving wildlife are often dual missions for land managers, yet recreation may impact wildlife. Because individual disturbances are seemingly inconsequential, it is difficult to convince the public that there is a conservation value to restricting recreation to reduce disturbance. We studied threatened western snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus...
Rupture models for the A.D. 900-930 Seattle fault earthquake from uplifted shorelines
Uri S. ten Brink, J. Song, R.C. Bucknam
2006, Geology (34) 585-588
A major earthquake on the Seattle fault, Washington, ca. A.D. 900-930 was first inferred from uplifted shorelines and tsunami deposits. Despite follow-up geophysical and geological investigations, the rupture parameters of the earthquake and the geometry of the fault are uncertain. Here we estimate the fault geometry, slip direction, and magnitude...
Crustal structure of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin
M. Liu, Walter D. Mooney, S. Li, N. Okaya, Shane T. Detweiler
2006, Tectonophysics (420) 253-266
The 1000-km-long Darlag–Lanzhou–Jingbian seismic refraction profile is located in the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau. This profile crosses the northern Songpan-Ganzi terrane, the Qinling-Qilian fold system, the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, and the stable Ordos basin. The P-wave and S-wave velocity structure...
Sediment distribution and transport across the continental shelf and slope under idealized wind forcing
S.A. Condie, C. R. Sherwood
2006, Progress in Oceanography (70) 255-270
Resuspension, transport, and deposition of sediments over the continental shelf and slope are complex processes and there is still a need to understand the underlying spatial and temporal dynamical scales. As a step towards this goal, a two-dimensional slice model (zero gradients in the alongshore direction) based on the primitive...
Mobilization of lead and other trace elements following shock chlorination of wells
R. L. Seiler
2006, Science of the Total Environment (367) 757-768
Many owners of domestic wells shock chlorinate their wells to treat for bacterial contamination or control bad odors from sulfides. Analysis of well water with four wells from Fallon, Nevada, showed that following recommended procedures for shock chlorinating wells can cause large, short-lasting increases in trace-element concentrations in ground water,...
Longitudinal hydraulic analysis of river‐aquifer exchanges
C.P. Konrad
2006, Water Resources Research (42)
A longitudinal analysis of transient flow between a river and an underlying aquifer is developed to calculate flow rates between the river and the aquifer and the location of groundwater seepage into the river as it changes over time. Two flow domains are defined in the analysis: an upstream domain...
Effects of feral horses in Great Basin landscapes on soils and ants: Direct and indirect mechanisms
E.A. Beever, J. E. Herrick
2006, Journal of Arid Environments (66) 96-112
We compared soil-surface penetration resistance and abundance of ant mounds at 12 western Great Basin sites (composed of 19 plots) either grazed by feral horses (Equus caballus) or having had horses removed for the last 10–14 years. Across this broad spatial domain (3.03 million ha), we minimized confounding due to abiotic...
Evaluation of eelgrass beds mapping using a high-resolution airborne multispectral scanner
H. Su, D. Karna, E. Fraim, M. Fitzgerald, J. S. Myers, R. Dominguez, B. Coffland, Lawrence R. Handley, T. Mace
2006, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (72) 789-797
Eelgrass (Zostera marina) can provide vital ecological functions in stabilizing sediments, influencing current dynamics, and contributing significant amounts of biomass to numerous food webs in coastal ecosystems. Mapping eelgrass beds is important for coastal water and nearshore estuarine monitoring, management, and planning. This study demonstrated the possible use of high...
Factors influencing the incidence of cowbird parasitism of least Bell's vireos
B.L. Sharp, B.E. Kus
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 682-690
Least Bell's vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus) is a federally endangered subspecies of Bell's vireo subject to high levels of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater). Brood parasitism greatly reduces the reproductive success of the vireo. We examined the relationship of vegetation structure surrounding nests and of activity near the...
Titan Radar Mapper observations from Cassini's T3 fly-by
C. Elachi, S. Wall, M. Janssen, E. Stofan, R. Lopes, Randolph L. Kirk, R. Lorenz, J. Lunine, F. Paganelli, Laurence A. Soderblom, C. Wood, L. Wye, H. Zebker, Y. Anderson, S. Ostro, M. Allison, R. Boehmer, P. Callahan, P. Encrenaz, E. Flamini, G. Francescetti, Y. Gim, G. Hamilton, S. Hensley, W. Johnson, K. Kelleher, D. Muhleman, G. Picardi, F. Posa, L. Roth, R. Seu, S. Shaffer, B. Stiles, S. Vetrella, R. West
2006, Nature (441) 709-713
Cassini's Titan Radar Mapper imaged the surface of Saturn's moon Titan on its February 2005 fly-by (denoted T3), collecting high-resolution synthetic-aperture radar and larger-scale radiometry and scatterometry data. These data provide the first definitive identification of impact craters on the surface of Titan, networks of fluvial channels and surficial dark...
Role of transient water pressure in quarrying: A subglacial experiment using acoustic emissions
D. Cohen, T.S. Hooyer, N.R. Iverson, J.F. Thomason, M. Jackson
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (111)
Probably the most important mechanism of glacial erosion is quarrying: the growth and coalescence of cracks in subglacial bedrock and dislodgement of resultant rock fragments. Although evidence indicates that erosion rates depend on sliding speed, rates of crack growth in bedrock may be enhanced by changing stresses on the bed...
Advanced National Siesmic System delivers improved information
S.A. Sipkin, J.R. Filson, H.M. Benz, D.J. Wald, P.S. Earle
2006, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (87) 365-366
[No abstract available]...
Use of radars to monitor stream discharge by noncontact methods
J. E. Costa, R. T. Cheng, F.P. Haeni, N. Melcher, K.R. Spicer, E. Hayes, W. Plant, K. Hayes, C. Teague, D. Barrick
2006, Water Resources Research (42)
Conventional measurements of river flows are costly, time‐consuming, and frequently dangerous. This report evaluates the use of a continuous wave microwave radar, a monostatic UHF Doppler radar, a pulsed Doppler microwave radar, and a ground‐penetrating radar to measure river flows continuously over long periods and without touching the water with...
Acoustic bed velocity and bed load dynamics in a large sand bed river
D. Gaeuman, R. B. Jacobson
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (111)
Development of a practical technology for rapid quantification of bed load transport in large rivers would represent a revolutionary advance for sediment monitoring and the investigation of fluvial dynamics. Measurement of bed load motion with acoustic Doppler current profiles (ADCPs) has emerged as a promising approach for evaluating bed load...
Effects of long-term water table drawdown on evapotranspiration and vegetation in an arid region phreatophyte community
D.J. Cooper, J.S. Sanderson, D.I. Stannard, D.P. Groeneveld
2006, Journal of Hydrology (325) 21-34
Evapotranspiration rates and the ground water component of evapotranspiration at a site in Colorado's San Luis Valley that is dominated by shrubby phreatophytes (greasewood and rabbitbrush) were compared before and after a water table drawdown. Evapotranspiration (ET) rates at the site were first measured in 1985-1987 (pre-drawdown) when the mean...
Enabling scientific workflows in virtual reality
O. Kreylos, G. Bawden, T. Bernardin, M.I. Billen, E.S. Cowgill, R.D. Gold, B. Hamann, M. Jadamec, L.H. Kellogg, O.G. Staadt, D.Y. Sumner
2006, Conference Paper, Proceedings - VRCIA 2006ACM International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and its Applications
To advance research and improve the scientific return on data collection and interpretation efforts in the geosciences, we have developed methods of interactive visualization, with a special focus on immersive virtual reality (VR) environments. Earth sciences employ a strongly visual approach to the measurement and analysis of geologic data due...
Seismic response and damage detection analyses of an instrumented steel moment-framed building
J.E. Rodgers, M. Çelebi
2006, Journal of Structural Engineering (132) 1543-1552
The seismic performance of steel moment-framed buildings has been of particular interest since brittle fractures were discovered at the beam-column connections in a number of buildings following the M 6.7 Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994. A case study of the seismic behavior of an extensively instrumented 13-story steel moment...
Estimating locations and magnitudes of earthquakes in southern California from modified Mercalli intensities
W. H. Bakun
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 1278-1295
Modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) assignments, instrumental moment magnitudes M, and epicenter locations of thirteen 5.6 ??? M ??? 7.1 "training-set" events in southern California were used to obtain the attenuation relation MMI = 1.64 + 1.41M - 0.00526 * ??h - 2.63 * log ??h, where ??h is the hypocentral...
Pharmaceuticals and other organic chemicals in selected north-central and northwestern Arkansas streams
B. E. Haggard, J.M. Galloway, W. R. Green, M. T. Meyer
2006, Journal of Environmental Quality (35) 1078-1087
Recently, our attention has focused on the low level detection of many antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, and other organic chemicals in water resources. The limited studies available suggest that urban or rural streams receiving wastewater effluent are more susceptible to contamination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of...
