Toxicity of synthetic musks to early life stages of the freshwater mussel Lampsilis cardium
M.P. Gooding, T.J. Newton, M.R. Bartsch, K.C. Hornbuckle
2006, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (51) 549-558
Polycyclic musk fragrances are common additives to many consumer products. As a result of their widespread use and slow degradation rates, they are widely found in aquatic environments. This study reports on the lethal and sublethal toxicity of the polycyclic musks AHTN (Tonalide??) and HHCB (Galaxolide??) to glochidial (larval) and...
Sulfates on Mars: A systematic Raman spectroscopic study of hydration states of magnesium sulfates
A. Wang, J.J. Freeman, B.L. Jolliff, I.-M. Chou
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 6118-6135
The martian orbital and landed surface missions, OMEGA on Mar Express and the two Mars Explorations Rovers, respectively, have yielded evidence pointing to the presence of magnesium sulfates on the martian surface. In situ identification of the hydration states of magnesium sulfates, as well as the hydration states of other...
Mercury methylation influenced by areas of past mercury mining in the Terlingua district, Southwest Texas, USA
J. E. Gray, M.E. Hines, H. Biester
2006, Applied Geochemistry (21) 1940-1954
Speciation and microbial transformation of Hg was studied in mine waste from abandoned Hg mines in SW Texas to evaluate the potential for methyl-Hg production and degradation in mine wastes. In mine waste samples, total Hg, ionic Hg2+, Hg0, methyl-Hg, organic C, and total S concentrations were measured, various Hg...
Profile of microflora of the posterior intestine of Chinook salmon before, during, and after administration of rations with and without erythromycin
C.M. Moffitt, S.M.A. Mobin
2006, Conference Paper, North American Journal of Aquaculture
We describe the resident heterotrophic aerobic microflora of the salmonid posterior intestine before, during, and after the administration of rations with erythromycin in a hatchery raceway environment. We compare the profiles of medicated Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha with those of control fish that were not fed erythromycin. The combined counts...
Intercalibration of research survey vessels on Lake Erie
J.T. Tyson, T.B. Johnson, C.T. Knight, M.T. Bur
2006, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (26) 559-570
Fish abundance indices obtained from annual research trawl surveys are an integral part of fisheries stock assessment and management in the Great Lakes. It is difficult, however, to administer trawl surveys using a single vessel-gear combination owing to the large size of these systems, the jurisdictional boundaries that bisect the...
Comparison of native and introduced flathead catfish populations in Alabama and Georgia: Growth, mortality, and management
P.C. Sakaris, E.R. Irwin, J.C. Jolley, D. Harrison
2006, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (26) 867-874
We compared growth of flathead catfish Pylodictis olivaris from two native populations in Alabama (Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers) and two introduced populations in Georgia (Ocmulgee and Satilla rivers). We also compared mortality rates and potential outcomes of various management regimes (minimum length limits [MLLs]) among the populations. Total length-log10(age) regression...
Survival of adult female elk in yellowstone following wolf restoration
S.B. Evans, L.D. Mech, P.J. White, G.A. Sargeant
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 1372-1378
Counts of northern Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus) in northwestern Wyoming and adjacent Montana, USA, have decreased at an average rate of 6-8% per year since wolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced in 1995. Population growth rates of elk are typically sensitive to variations in adult female survival; populations that are stable...
Effects of altered temperature and precipitation on desert protozoa associated with biological soil crusts
B.J. Darby, D.C. Housman, A.M. Zaki, Y. Shamout, S.M. Adl, J. Belnap, D.A. Neher
2006, Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology (53) 507-514
Biological soil crusts are diverse assemblages of bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, lichens, and mosses that cover much of arid land soils. The objective of this study was to quantify protozoa associated with biological soil crusts and test the response of protozoa to increased temperature and precipitation as is predicted by...
Improving the design of acoustic and midwater trawl surveys through stratification, with an application to Lake Michigan prey fishes
J.V. Adams, R.L. Argyle, G.W. Fleischer, G.L. Curtis, R.G. Stickel
2006, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (26) 612-621
Reliable estimates of fish biomass are vital to the management of aquatic ecosystems and their associated fisheries. Acoustic and midwater trawl surveys are an efficient sampling method for estimating fish biomass in large bodies of water. To improve the precision of biomass estimates from combined acoustic and midwater trawl surveys,...
Nature and origin of the hematite-bearing plains of Terra Meridiani based on analyses of orbital and Mars Exploration rover data sets
R. E. Arvidson, F. Poulet, R.V. Morris, J.-P. Bibring, J.F. Bell III, S. W. Squyres, P. R. Christensen, G. Bellucci, B. Gondet, B.L. Ehlmann, W. H. Farrand, R.L. Fergason, M. Golombeck, J.L. Griffes, J. Grotzinger, E.A. Guinness, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, G. Klingelhofer, Y. Langevin, D. Ming, K. Seelos, R.J. Sullivan, J.G. Ward, S.M. Wiseman, M.J. Wolff
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
The ∼5 km of traverses and observations completed by the Opportunity rover from Endurance crater to the Fruitbasket outcrop show that the Meridiani plains consist of sulfate‐rich sedimentary rocks that are largely covered by poorly‐sorted basaltic aeolian sands and a lag of granule‐sized hematitic concretions. Orbital reflectance spectra obtained by...
Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) transport and retention in tropical, rain forest streams draining a volcanic landscape in Costa Rica: In situ SRP amendment to streams and laboratory studies
F. Triska, C. M. Pringle, J.H. Duff, R.J. Avanzino, G. Zellweger
2006, Biogeochemistry (81) 145-157
Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) transport/retention was determined in two rain forest streams (Salto, Pantano) draining La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. There, SRP levels can be naturally high due to groundwater enriched by geothermal activity within the surfically dormant volcanic landscape, and subsequently discharged at ambient temperature. Combined field and...
Soil grain analyses at Meridiani Planum, Mars
C.M. Weitz, R. C. Anderson, J.F. Bell III, W. H. Farrand, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, B.L. Jolliff, R.V. Morris, S. W. Squyres, R.J. Sullivan
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
Grain‐size analyses of the soils at Meridiani Planum have been used to identify rock sources for the grains and provide information about depositional processes under past and current conditions. Basaltic sand, dust, millimeter‐size hematite‐rich spherules interpreted as concretions, spherule fragments, coated partially buried spherules, basalt fragments, sedimentary outcrop fragments, and...
The practical use of simplicity in developing ground water models
M. C. Hill
2006, Conference Paper, Ground Water
The advantages of starting with simple models and building complexity slowly can be significant in the development of ground water models. In many circumstances, simpler models are characterized by fewer defined parameters and shorter execution times. In this work, the number of parameters is used as the primary measure of...
Spectrophotometric properties of materials observed by Pancam on the Mars Exploration Rovers: 2. Opportunity
J. R. Johnson, W.M. Grundy, M.T. Lemmon, J.F. Bell III, M. J. Johnson, R. Deen, R. E. Arvidson, W. H. Farrand, E. Guinness, A. G. Hayes, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, F. Seelos, J. Soderblom, S. Squyres
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
The Panoramic Camera (Pancam) on the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity acquired visible/near‐infrared multispectral observations of soils and rocks under varying viewing and illumination geometries that were modeled using radiative transfer theory to improve interpretations of the microphysical and surface scattering nature of materials in Meridiani Planum. Nearly 25,000 individual measurements...
Using experimental and geospatial data to estimate regional carbon sequestration potential under no-till management
Z. Tan, R. Lal, S. Liu
2006, Soil Science (171) 950-959
Conservation management of croplands at the plot scale has demonstrated a great potential to mitigate the greenhouse effect through sequestration of atmospheric carbon (C) into soil. This study estimated the potential of soil to sequester C through the conversion of croplands from conventional tillage (CT) to no-till (NT) in the...
Long-term changes of the Lake Michigan fish community following the reduction of exotic alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
D.B. Bunnell, C.P. Madenjian, R.M. Claramunt
2006, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (63) 2434-2446
We used our long-term annual bottom trawl survey (1973–2004) in Lake Michigan to reveal the response of the native fish community to the biological control of a dominant exotic fish, alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), as well as to changes in total phosphorus and salmonine biomass. Through nonmetric multidimensional scaling, we documented...
Alternate corrections for estimating actual wetland evapotranspiration from potential evapotranspiration
W. Barclay Shoemaker, D. M. Sumner
2006, Wetlands (26) 528-543
Corrections can be used to estimate actual wetland evapotranspiration (AET) from potential evapotranspiration (PET) as a means to define the hydrology of wetland areas. Many alternate parameterizations for correction coefficients for three PET equations are presented, covering a wide range of possible data-availability scenarios. At nine sites in the wetland...
Comet 81P/wild 2 under a microscope
D. Brownlee, P. Tsou, J. Aleon, Alexander C. M. O’D C. M., T. Araki, S. Bajt, G.A. Baratta, R. Bastien, P. Bland, P. Bleuet, J. Borg, J.P. Bradley, A. Brearley, F. Brenker, S. Brennan, J.C. Bridges, N.D. Browning, J.R. Brucato, E. Bullock, M.J. Burchell, H. Busemann, Anna L. Butterworth, M. Chaussidon, A. Cheuvront, M. Chi, M.J. Cintala, B. C. Clark, S.J. Clemett, G. Cody, L. Colangeli, G. Cooper, P. Cordier, C. Daghlian, Z. Dai, L. D’Hendecourt, Z. Djouadi, G. Dominguez, T. Duxbury, Jason P. Dworkin, D.S. Ebel, T.E. Economou, S. Fakra, S.A.J. Fairey, S. Fallon, G. Ferrini, T. Ferroir, H. Fleckenstein, C. Floss, G. Flynn, I.A. Franchi, M. Fries, Z. Gainsforth, J.-P. Gallien, M. Genge, M.K. Gilles, P. Gillet, J. Gilmour, D.P. Glavin, M. Gounelle, Monica M. Grady, G.A. Graham, P.G. Grant, S.F. Green, F. Grossemy, L. Grossman, J. N. Grossman, Y. Guan, K. Hagiya, R. Harvey, P. Heck, G.F. Herzog, P. Hoppe, F. Horz, J. Huth, I.D. Hutcheon, K. Ignatyev, H. Ishii, M. Ito, D. Jacob, C. Jacobsen, S. Jacobsen, S. Jones, D. Joswiak, A. Jurewicz, A.T. Kearsley, L.P. Keller, H. Khodja, A.L.D. Kilcoyne, J. Kissel, A. Krot, F. Langenhorst, A. Lanzirotti, L. Le, L.A. Leshin, J. Leitner, L. Lemelle, H. Leroux, M.-C. Liu, K. Luening, I. Lyon, G. MacPherson, M.A. Marcus, K. Marhas, B. Marty, G. Matrajt, K. McKeegan, A. Meibom, V. Mennella, K. Messenger, S. Messenger, T. Mikouchi, S. Mostefaoui, T. Nakamura, T. Nakano, M. Newville, L.R. Nittler, I. Ohnishi, K. Ohsumi, K. Okudaira, D.A. Papanastassiou, R. Palma, M.E. Palumbo, R. O. Pepin, D. Perkins, M. Perronnet, P. Pianetta, W. Rao, F.J.M. Rietmeijer, F. Robert, D. Rost, A. Rotundi, R. Ryan, S.A. Sandford, C.S. Schwandt, T.H. See, D. Schlutter, J. Sheffield-Parker, A. Simionovici, S. Simon, I. Sitnitsky, C.J. Snead, M. K. Spencer, F.J. Stadermann, A. Steele, T. Stephan
2006, Science (314) 1711-1716
The Stardust spacecraft collected thousands of particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 and returned them to Earth for laboratory study. The preliminary examination of these samples shows that the nonvolatile portion of the comet is an unequilibrated assortment of materials that have both presolar and solar system origin. The comet contains...
Quantitative analysis of scale of aeromagnetic data raises questions about geologic-map scale
V. Nykanen, G. L. Raines
2006, Natural Resources Research (15) 213-222
A recently published study has shown that small-scale geologic map data can reproduce mineral assessments made with considerably larger scale data. This result contradicts conventional wisdom about the importance of scale in mineral exploration, at least for regional studies. In order to formally investigate aspects of scale, a weights-of-evidence analysis...
Data report: Permeabilities of eastern equatorial Pacific and Peru margin sediments
Kusali Gamage, Barbara A. Bekins, Elizabeth Screaton
Bo B. Jorgensen, Steven L. D’Hondt, D. Jay Miller, editor(s)
2006, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results 201-18
Constant-flow permeability tests were conducted on core samples from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 201 from the eastern equatorial Pacific and the Peru margin. Eighteen whole-round core samples from Sites 1225, 1226, 1227, 1230, and 1231 were tested for vertical permeabilities. Sites 1225, 1226, and 1231 represent sediments of the open...
Concentration and dry deposition of mercury species in arid south central New Mexico (2001-2002)
Colleen A. Caldwell, Philip Swartzendruber, Eric Prestbo
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 7535-7540
This research was initiated to characterize atmospheric deposition of reactive gaseous mercury (RGM), particulate mercury (HgP; <2.5 μm), and gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) in the arid lands of south central New Mexico. Two methods were field-tested to estimate dry deposition of three mercury species. A manual speciation sampling train consisting...
Do migratory flight paths of raptors follow constant geographical or geomagnetic courses?
K. Thorup, M. Fuller, T. Alerstam, M. Hake, N. Kjellen, R. Strandberg
2006, Animal Behaviour (72) 875-880
We tested whether routes of raptors migrating over areas with homogeneous topography follow constant geomagnetic courses more or less closely than constant geographical courses. We analysed the routes taken over land of 45 individual raptors tracked by satellite-based radiotelemetry: 25 peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus, on autumn migration between North and...
Use of the oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, as a prey organism for toxicant exposure of fish through the diet
D.R. Mount, T.L. Highland, V.R. Mattson, T.D. Dawson, K.G. Lott, C.G. Ingersoll
2006, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (25) 2760-2767
The oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, has several characteristics that make it desirable as a prey organism for conducting dietary exposure studies with fish. We conducted 21- and 30-d experiments with young fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), respectively, to determine whether a diet consisting solely of L. variegatus...
A new Lagerstätte from the Middle Ordovician St. Peter formation in northeast Iowa, USA
Huaibao P. Liu, Robert M. McKay, Jean N. Young, Brian J. Witzke, Kathlyn J. McVey, Xiuying Liu
2006, Geology (34) 969-972
A new fossil fauna has been discovered from a recently recognized shale unit within the middle Ordovician St. Peter Formation in northeast Iowa. It contains a variety of invertebrates and vertebrates, including soft body tissues, impressions, and 3-dimensionalpreservations. The exceptional preservation reveals a new Konservat-Lagerstätte, the Winneshiek Lagerstätte, and opens...
Transport of horseshoe crab eggs by waves and swash on an estuarine beach: Implications for foraging shorebirds
K.F. Nordstrom, N.L. Jackson, D. R. Smith, R.G. Weber
2006, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (70) 438-448
The abundance of horseshoe crab eggs in the swash zone and remaining on the beach after tide levels fall was evaluated to identify how numbers of eggs available to shorebirds differ with fluctuations in spawning numbers of horseshoe crabs, wave energies and beach elevation changes. Field data were gathered 1-6...
