Ecological contingency in the effects of climatic warming on forest herb communities
Susan Harrison, Ellen Ingman Damschen, James B. Grace
2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (107) 19362-19367
Downscaling from the predictions of general climate models is critical to current strategies for mitigating species loss caused by climate change. A key impediment to this downscaling is that we lack a fully developed understanding of how variation in physical, biological, or land-use characteristics mediates the effects of climate change...
The scaup conservation action plan: working toward coherence
Jane E. Austin
2010, North American Waterfowl Management Plan Science Support Team Newsletter (Winter 2010) 6-6
The last in a series of three workshops to develop a decision framework for the scaup conservation action plan was conducted in September 2009. Fifteen waterfowl biologists and managers met in Memphis, Tennessee at the Ducks Unlimited Headquarters to review and refine the decision statement, objectives, and prototype model for...
Two-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling to quantify effects of peak-flow management on channel morphology and salmon-spawning habitat in the Cedar River, Washington
Christiana Czuba, Jonathan A. Czuba, Andrew S. Gendaszek, Christopher S. Magirl
2010, Report
The Cedar River in Washington State originates on the western slope of the Cascade Range and provides the City of Seattle with most of its drinking water, while also supporting a productive salmon habitat. Water-resource managers require detailed information on how best to manage high-flow releases from Chester Morse Lake,...
Geomorphic Framework to assess changes to aquatic habitat due to flow regulation and channel and floodplain alteration, Cedar River, Washington
Andrew S. Gendaszek, Christopher S. Magirl, Christiana R. Czuba, Christopher P. Konrad, Rand Little
2010, Report
Flow regulation, bank armoring, and floodplain alteration since the early 20th century have contributed to significant changes in the hydrologic regime and geomorphic processes of the Cedar River in Washington State. The Cedar River originates in the Cascade Range, provides drinking water to the Seattle metropolitan area, and supports several...
Glacier modeling in support of field observations of mass balance at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA
Edward G. Josberger, William R. Bidlake
2010, Report
The long-term USGS measurement and reporting of mass balance at South Cascade Glacier was assisted in balance years 2006 and 2007 by a new mass balance model. The model incorporates a temperature-index melt computation and accumulation is modeled from glacier air temperature and gaged precipitation at a remote site. Mass...
Use of regression‐based models to map sensitivity of aquatic resources to atmospheric deposition in Yosemite National Park, USA
David W. Clow, Leora Nanus, Brian Huggett
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
An abundance of exposed bedrock, sparse soil and vegetation, and fast hydrologic flushing rates make aquatic ecosystems in Yosemite National Park susceptible to nutrient enrichment and episodic acidification due to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S). In this study, multiple linear regression (MLR) models were created to estimate...
Are wolves saving Yellowstone's aspen? A landscape-level test of a behaviorally mediated trophic cascade
Matthew J. Kauffman, Jedediah F. Brodie, Erik S. Jules
2010, Ecology (91) 2742-2755
Behaviorally mediated trophic cascades (BMTCs) occur when the fear of predation among herbivores enhances plant productivity. Based primarily on systems involving small-bodied predators, BMTCs have been proposed as both strong and ubiquitous in natural ecosystems. Recently, however, synthetic work has suggested that the existence of BMTCs may be mediated by...
Origins of large-volume, compositionally zoned volcanic eruptions: New constraints from U-series isotopes and numerical thermal modeling for the 1912 Katmai-Novarupta eruption
Simon Turner, Mike Sandiford, Mark Reagan, Chris Hawkesworth, Wes Hildreth
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115) B12201
We present the results of a combined U-series isotope and numerical modeling study of the 1912 Katmai-Novarupta eruption in Alaska. A stratigraphically constrained set of samples have compositions that range from basalt through basaltic andesite, andesite, dacite, and rhyolite. The major and trace element range can be modeled by 80–90%...
Field evaluation of a two-dimensinal hydrodynamic model near boulders for habitat calculation
Terry Waddle
2010, River Research and Applications (26) 730-741
Two-dimensional hydrodynamic models are now widely used in aquatic habitat studies. To test the sensitivity of calculated habitat outcomes to limitations of such a model and of typical field data, bathymetry, depth and velocity data were collected for three discharges in the vicinity of two large boulders in the South...
Vegetation monitoring for Guatemala: a comparison between simulated VIIRS and MODIS satellite data
Vijendra K. Boken, Gregory L. Easson, James Rowland
2010, Geocarto International (25) 617-627
The advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data are being widely used for vegetation monitoring across the globe. However, sensors will discontinue collecting these data in the near future. National Aeronautics and Space Administration is planning to launch a new sensor, visible infrared imaging...
Röthlisberger channel theory: its origins and consequences
Joseph S. Walder
2010, Journal of Glaciology (56) 1079-1086
The theory of channelized water flow through glaciers, most commonly associated with the names of Hans Röthlisberger and Ron Shreve and their 1972 papers in the Journal of Glaciology, was developed at a time when interest in glacier-bed processes was expanding, and the possible relationship between glacier sliding and water...
Anisotropy, repeating earthquakes, and seismicity associated with the 2008 eruption of Okmok Volcano, Alaska
Jessica H. Johnson, Stephanie Prejean, Martha K. Savage, John Townend
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research (115)
We use shear wave splitting (SWS) analysis and double-difference relocation to examine temporal variations in seismic properties prior to and accompanying magmatic activity associated with the 2008 eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska. Using bispectrum cross-correlation, a multiplet of 25 earthquakes is identified spanning five years leading up to the eruption,...
The perfect debris flow? Aggregated results from 28 large-scale experiments
Richard M. Iverson, Matthew Logan, Richard G. LaHusen, Matteo Berti
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (115) F03005
Aggregation of data collected in 28 controlled experiments reveals reproducible debris-flow behavior that provides a clear target for model tests. In each experiment ∼10 m3 of unsorted, water-saturated sediment composed mostly of sand and gravel discharged from behind a gate, descended a steep, 95-m flume, and formed a deposit on...
Sexual difference in PCB concentrations of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
Charles P. Madenjian, Candy S. Schrank, Linda J. Begnoche, Robert F. Elliott, Richard T. Quintal
2010, Science of the Total Environment (408) 1719-1724
We determined polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in 35 female coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and 60 male coho salmon caught in Lake Michigan (Michigan and Wisconsin, United States) during the fall of 1994 and 1995. In addition, we determined PCB concentrations in the skin-on fillets of 26 female and 19 male...
The bioenergetic consequences of invasive-induced food web disruption to Lake Ontario alewives
Thomas J. Stewart, Robert O’Gorman, W. Gary Sprules, B.F. Lantry
2010, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (30) 1485-1504
Alewives Alosa pseudoharengus are the dominant prey fish in Lake Ontario, and their response to ecological change can alter the structure and function of the Lake Ontario food web. Using stochastic population-based bioenergetic models of Lake Ontario alewives for 1987–1991 and 2001–2005, we evaluated changes to alewife production, consumption, and...
The North American upper mantle: Density, composition, and evolution
Walter D. Mooney, Mikhail K. Kaban
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
The upper mantle of North America has been well studied using various seismic methods. Here we investigate the density structure of the North American (NA) upper mantle based on the integrative use of the gravity field and seismic data. The basis of our study is the removal of the gravitational...
The bioeconomic impact of different management regulations on the Chesapeake Bay blue crab fishery
David B. Bunnell, Douglas W. Lipton, Thomas J. Miller
2010, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (30) 1505-1521
The harvest of blue crabs Callinectes sapidus in Chesapeake Bay declined 46% between 1993 and 2001 and remained low through 2008. Because the total market value of this fishery has declined by an average of US $ 3.3 million per year since 1993, the commercial fishery has been challenged to...
Coherence of Mach fronts during heterogeneous supershear earthquake rupture propagation: Simulations and comparison with observations
A. Bizzarri, Eric M. Dunham, P. Spudich
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115) B08301
We study how heterogeneous rupture propagation affects the coherence of shear and Rayleigh Mach wavefronts radiated by supershear earthquakes. We address this question using numerical simulations of ruptures on a planar, vertical strike-slip fault embedded in a three-dimensional, homogeneous, linear elastic half-space. Ruptures propagate spontaneously in accordance with a linear...
Quasi-periodic recurrence of large earthquakes on the southern San Andreas fault
Katherine M. Scharer, Glenn P. Biasi, Ray J. Weldon II, Tom E. Fumal
2010, Geology (38) 555-558
It has been 153 yr since the last large earthquake on the southern San Andreas fault (California, United States), but the average interseismic interval is only ~100 yr. If the recurrence of large earthquakes is periodic, rather than random or clustered, the length of this period is notable and would...
Sexual difference in PCB concentrations of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from Lake Ontario
Charles P. Madenjian, Michael J. Keir, D. Michael Whittle, George E. Noguchi
2010, Science of the Total Environment (408) 1725-1730
We determined polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in 61 female lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and 71 male lake trout from Lake Ontario (Ontario, Canada and New York, United States). To estimate the expected change in PCB concentration due to spawning, PCB concentrations in gonads and in somatic tissue of lake trout...
Analysis of nonvolcanic tremor on the San Andreas Fault near Parkfield, CA using U.S. Geological Survey Parkfield Seismic Array
Jon B. Fletcher, Lawrence M. Baker
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
Reports by Nadeau and Dolenc (2005) that tremor had been detected near Cholame Valley spawned an effort to use UPSAR (U. S. Geological Survey Parkfield Seismic Array) to study characteristics of tremor. UPSAR was modified to record three channels of velocity at 40–50 sps continuously in January 2005 and ran...
Comparison of sap flux, moisture flux tower and MODIS enhanced vegetation index methods for estimating riparian evapotranspiration
Pamela L. Nagler, Edward P. Glenn, Kiyomi Morino
Christopher M.U Neale, Michael H. Cosh, editor(s)
2010, Conference Paper, Remote sensing and hydrology
Riparian evapotranspiration (ET) was measured on a salt cedar (Tamarix spp.) dominated river terrace on the Lower Colorado River from 2007 to 2009 using tissue-heat-balance sap flux sensors at six sites representing very dense, medium dense, and sparse stands of plants. Salt cedar ET varied markedly across sites, and sap...
The ODD protocol: A review and first update
Volker Grimm, Uta Berger, Donald L. DeAngelis, J. Gary Polhill, Jarl Giske, Steve F. Railsback
2010, Ecological Modelling (221) 2760-2768
The ‘ODD’ (Overview, Design concepts, and Details) protocol was published in 2006 to standardize the published descriptions of individual-based and agent-based models (ABMs). The primary objectives of ODD are to make model descriptions more understandable and complete, thereby making ABMs less subject to criticism for being irreproducible. We have systematically...
Temperature inverted haloclines provide winter warm-water refugia for manatees in southwest Florida
Bradley Stith, James P. Reid, Catherine A. Langtimm, Eric D. Swain, Terry J. Doyle, Daniel H. Slone, Jeremy D. Decker, Lars E. Soderqvist
2010, Estuaries and Coasts (34) 106-119
Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) overwintering in the Ten Thousand Islands and western Everglades have no access to power plants or major artesian springs that provide warm-water refugia in other parts of Florida. Instead, hundreds of manatees aggregate at artificial canals, basins, and natural deep water sites that act as...
Modeling seasonal dynamics of small fish cohorts in fluctuating freshwater marsh landscapes
Fred Jopp, Donald L. DeAngelis, Joel C. Trexler
2010, Landscape Ecology (25) 1041-1054
Small-bodied fishes constitute an important assemblage in many wetlands. In wetlands that dry periodically except for small permanent waterbodies, these fishes are quick to respond to change and can undergo large fluctuations in numbers and biomasses. An important aspect of landscapes that are mixtures of marsh and permanent waterbodies is...
