Applying dispersive changes to Lagrangian particles in groundwater transport models
Leonard F. Konikow
2010, Transport in Porous Media (85) 437-449
Method-of-characteristics groundwater transport models require that changes in concentrations computed within an Eulerian framework to account for dispersion be transferred to moving particles used to simulate advective transport. A new algorithm was developed to accomplish this transfer between nodal values and advecting particles more precisely and realistically compared to currently...
Phylogeography of declining relict and lowland leopard frogs in the desert Southwest of North America
V. Olah-Hemmings, J.R. Jaeger, M.J. Sredl, Martin A. Schlaepfer, R.D. Jennings, C.A. Drost, D.F. Bradford, B.R. Riddle
2010, Journal of Zoology (280) 343-354
We investigated the phylogeography of the closely related relict leopard frog Rana onca (=Lithobates onca) and lowland leopard frog Rana yavapaiensis (=Lithobates yavapaiensis) – two declining anurans from the warm‐desert regions of south‐western North America. We used sequence data from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to assess 276 individuals representing 30 sites from across current distributions....
The inverse niche model for food webs with parasites
Christopher P. Warren, Mercedes Pascual, Kevin D. Lafferty, Armand M. Kuris
2010, Theoretical Ecology (3) 285-294
Although parasites represent an important component of ecosystems, few field and theoretical studies have addressed the structure of parasites in food webs. We evaluate the structure of parasitic links in an extensive salt marsh food web, with a new model distinguishing parasitic links from non-parasitic links among free-living species. The...
Parametric study of the physical properties of hydrate‐bearing sand, silt, and clay sediments: 2. Small‐strain mechanical properties
J.Y. Lee, F.M. Francisca, J.C. Santamarina, C. Ruppel
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research (115)
The small‐strain mechanical properties (e.g., seismic velocities) of hydrate‐bearing sediments measured under laboratory conditions provide reference values for calibration of logging and seismic exploration results acquired in hydrate‐bearing formations. Instrumented cells were designed for measuring the compressional (P) and shear (S) velocities of sand, silts, and clay with and without...
Occupancy dynamics in a tropical bird community: Unexpectedly high forest use by birds classified as non‐forest species
Viviana Ruiz-Gutierrez, Elise F. Zipkin, Andre A. Dhondt
2010, Journal of Applied Ecology (47) 621-630
1. Worldwide loss of biodiversity necessitates a clear understanding of the factors driving population declines as well as informed predictions about which species and populations are at greatest risk. The biggest threat to the long-term persistence of populations is the reduction and changes in configuration of their natural habitat. 2....
Observed and predicted reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia exposed to chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate
Peter J. Lasier, Ian R. Hardin
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 347-358
Chronic toxicities of Cl-, SO42-, and HCO3- to Ceriodaphnia dubia were evaluated in low- and moderate-hardness waters using a three-brood reproduction test method. Toxicity tests of anion mixtures were used to determine interaction effects and to produce models predicting C. dubia reproduction. Effluents diluted with low- and moderate-hardness waters were...
Nutrient fluxes at the landscape level and the R* rule
Shu Ju, Donald L. DeAngelis
2010, Ecological Modelling (221) 141-146
Nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems involves not only the vertical recycling of nutrients at specific locations in space, but also biologically driven horizontal fluxes between different areas of the landscape. This latter process can result in net accumulation of nutrients in some places and net losses in others. We examined...
Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales
David S. Pilliod, Blake R. Hossack, Peter F. Bahls, Evelyn L. Bull, Paul Stephen Corn, Grant Hokit, Bryce A. Maxell, James C. Munger, Aimee Wyrick
2010, Diversity and Distributions (16) 959-974
Aim The introduction of non-native species into aquatic environments has been linked with local extinctions and altered distributions of native species. We investigated the effect of non-native salmonids on the occupancy of two native amphibians, the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) and Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris), across three spatial...
New trends in species distribution modelling
Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Thomas C. Edwards Jr., Catherine H. Graham, Peter B. Pearman, Jens-Christian Svenning
2010, Ecography (33) 985-989
Species distribution modelling has its origin in the late 1970s when computing capacity was limited. Early work in the field concentrated mostly on the development of methods to model effectively the shape of a species' response to environmental gradients (Austin 1987, Austin et al. 1990). The methodology and its framework...
Approaches to highly parameterized inversion: A guide to using PEST for model-parameter and predictive-uncertainty analysis
John E. Doherty, Randall J. Hunt, Matthew J. Tonkin
2010, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5211
Analysis of the uncertainty associated with parameters used by a numerical model, and with predictions that depend on those parameters, is fundamental to the use of modeling in support of decisionmaking. Unfortunately, predictive uncertainty analysis with regard to models can be very computationally demanding, due in part to complex constraints...
Bayesian Inference: with ecological applications
William A. Link, Richard J. Barker
2010, Book
This text provides a mathematically rigorous yet accessible and engaging introduction to Bayesian inference with relevant examples that will be of interest to biologists working in the fields of ecology, wildlife management and environmental studies as well as students in advanced undergraduate statistics.. This text opens the door to Bayesian...
Metal exposure and effects in voles and small birds near a mining haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska
William G. Brumbaugh, Miguel A. Mora, Thomas W. May, David N. Phalen
2010, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (170) 73-86
Voles and small passerine birds were live-captured near the Delong Mountain Regional Transportation System (DMTS) haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument in northwest Alaska to assess metals exposure and sub-lethal biological effects. Similar numbers of animals were captured from a reference site in southern Cape Krusenstern National Monument for...
Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level
Matthew L. Kirwan, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Andrea D’Alpaos, James T. Morris, Simon M. Mudd, Stijn Temmerman
2010, Geophysical Research Letters (37) 1-5
Assumptions of a static landscape inspire predictions that about half of the world's coastal wetlands will submerge during this century in response to sea-level acceleration. In contrast, we use simulations from five numerical models to quantify the conditions under which ecogeomorphic feedbacks allow coastal wetlands to adapt to projected changes...
Match or mismatch: The influence of phenology on size-dependent life history and divergence in population structure
Jost Borcherding, Peter Beeck, Donald L. DeAngelis, Werner R. Scharf
2010, Journal of Animal Ecology (79) 1101-1112
1. In gape-limited predators, body size asymmetries determine the outcome of predator-prey interactions. Due to ontogenetic changes in body size, the intensity of intra- and interspecific interactions may change rapidly between the match situation of a predator-prey system and the mismatch situation in which competition, including competition with the prey, dominates. 2....
Making molehills out of mountains: Landscape genetics of the Mojave desert tortoise
Bridgette E. Hagerty, Kenneth E. Nussear, Todd C. Esque, C. Richard Tracy
2010, Landscape Ecology (26) 267-280
Heterogeneity in habitat often influences how organisms traverse the landscape matrix that connects populations. Understanding landscape connectivity is important to determine the ecological processes that influence those movements, which lead to evolutionary change due to gene flow. Here, we used landscape genetics and statistical models to evaluate hypotheses that could...
Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert
Bradley J. Butterfield, Julio L. Betancourt, Raymond M. Turner, John M. Briggs
2010, Ecology (91) 1132-1139
Ecological processes of low‐productivity ecosystems have long been considered to be driven by abiotic controls with biotic interactions playing an insignificant role. However, existing studies present conflicting evidence concerning the roles of these factors, in part due to the short temporal extent of most data sets and inability to test...
Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany
Katharina Pfaff, Ludwig H. Hildebrandt, David L. Leach, Dorrit E. Jacob, Gregor Markl
2010, Mineralium Deposita (45) 647-666
The Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Zn–Pb–Ag deposit in the Wiesloch area, Southwest Germany, is controlled by graben-related faults of the Upper Rhinegraben. Mineralization occurs as vein fillings and irregular replacement ore bodies consisting of sphalerite, banded sphalerite, galena, pyrite, sulfosalts (jordanite and geocronite), barite, and calcite in the Middle Triassic carbonate...
Impact craters on Titan
Charles A. Wood, Ralph Lorenz, Randy Kirk, Rosaly Lopes, Karl Mitchell, Ellen Stofan, Cassini RADAR Team
2010, Icarus 334-344
Five certain impact craters and 44 additional nearly certain and probable ones have been identified on the 22% of Titan's surface imaged by Cassini's high-resolution radar through December 2007. The certain craters have morphologies similar to impact craters on rocky planets, as well as two with radar bright, jagged rims....
Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico
Amanda W.J. Demopoulos, Daniel Gualtieri, Kaitlin Kovacs
2010, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (57) 1972-1981
The slope environment of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) supports dense communities of seep megafaunal invertebrates that rely on endosymbiotic bacteria for nutrition. Seep sediments also contain smaller macrofaunal invertebrates whose nutritional pathways are not well understood. Using stable-isotope analysis, we investigate the utilization of chemosynthetically fixed and methane-derived organic...
Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland
Donald L. DeAngelis, Joel C. Trexler, Chris Cosner, Adam Obaza, Fred Jopp
2010, Ecological Modelling (221) 1131-1137
Small fishes in seasonally flooded environments such as the Everglades are capable of spreading into newly flooded areas and building up substantial biomass. Passive drift cannot account for the rapidity of observed population expansions. To test the reaction-diffusion mechanism for spread of the fish, we estimated their diffusion coefficient and...
Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water
Michael T. Wright, Kenneth Belitz
2010, Ground Water (48) 515-525
Although the ingestion of vanadium (V) in drinking water may have possible adverse health effects, there have been relatively few studies of V in groundwater. Given the importance of groundwater as a source of drinking water in many areas of the world, this study examines the potential sources and geochemical...
Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis
Christy D. Alves-Stanley, Graham A.J. Worthy, Robert K. Bonde
2010, Marine Ecology Progress Series (402) 255-267
The endangered West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus has 2 recognized subspecies: the Florida T. m. latirostris and Antillean T. m. manatus manatee, both of which are found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats. A better understanding of manatee feeding preferences and habitat use is essential to establish criteria on which conservation plans can be based. Skin...
Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California
James O. Sickman, Carol L. DiGiorgio, M. Lee Davisson, Delores M. Lucero, Brian A. Bergamaschi
2010, Biogeochemistry (99) 79-96
We used radiocarbon measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to resolve sources of riverine carbon within agriculturally dominated landscapes in California. During 2003 and 2004, average Δ14C for DOC was −254‰ in agricultural drains in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, −218‰ in the San Joaquin River, −175‰ in the California State...
Hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary rock, Newark Basin, New Jersey
Pierre J. Lacombe, William C. Burton
2010, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (30) 35-45
The hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary bedrock at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC), Trenton, New Jersey, a trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated site in the Newark Basin, is developed using an understanding of the geologic history of the strata, gamma-ray logs, and rock cores. NAWC is the newest field research site...
Hydrological connectivity for riverine fish: measurement challenges and research opportunities
A.H. Fullerton, K.M. Burnett, E.A. Steel, R.L. Flitcroft, G.R. Pess, B.E. Feist, Christian E. Torgersen, D. J. Miller, B.L. Sanderson
2010, Freshwater Biology (55) 2215-2237
In this review, we first summarize how hydrologic connectivity has been studied for riverine fish capable of moving long distances, and then identify research opportunities that have clear conservation significance. Migratory species, such as anadromous salmonids, are good model organisms for understanding ecological connectivity in rivers because the spatial scale...
