Wind pumping dominates landward salt transport in a weakly tidal estuary
Dongxiao Yin, David K. Ralston, John C. Warner, Neil K. Ganju, Courtney K. Harris
2025, JGR Oceans (130)
In tidally energetic estuaries, salinity dynamics vary with tidal forcing as well as factors such as river discharge and bathymetry. However, in weakly tidal estuaries, mechanisms governing salt transport remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate salt transport processes in a weakly tidal estuary, Albemarle Sound on the U.S. East Coast,...
Geochemical evidence for the origin of late Quaternary loess, Seward Peninsula, Alaska
Daniel R. Muhs, Jeffrey S. Pigati
2025, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (57)
Loess is the most widespread surficial deposit in the state of Alaska. Although loess of last glacial age is common in mid-continental North America, records of last glacial loess in Alaska have been elusive. Here we report a record of last glacial loess on the Seward Peninsula,...
Mount Spurr volcano, August 18, 1992: The eruption heard around Alaska
Alexandra M. Iezzi, John Power
2025, Bulletin of Volcanology (87)
The August 18, 1992, eruption of Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska, produced an impressive Vulcanian to Subplinian eruption column reaching up to 40 km above sea level that blanketed the nearby city of Anchorage with ash. At the time of the eruption, the Alaska Volcano Observatory received reports of audible sound hundreds...
Cyanotoxin production in shallow subtropical lakes is driven by nutrient enrichment and primary producer abundance on the millennial scale
Savvas Paradeisis-Stathis, Matthew N. Waters, Debra A. Willard, Sophia Foliano, Richard S. Vachula
2025, Harmful Algae (151)
Increased cyanotoxin concentrations from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in lake systems pose a global challenge to water quality. Although progress has been made in monitoring cyanotoxins in modern environments over recent decades, identifying the triggers of cyanotoxin release by cyanobacteria has yielded mixed results from experimental and analytical studies. Paleolimnological...
Satellite assessment of winter cover crop and conservation tillage outcomes to support adaptive management in working landscapes
W. Dean Hively, Feng Gao, Gregory W. McCarty, Craig S.T. Daughtry, Xuesong Zhang, Jyoti Jennewein, Alison Thieme, Brian T. Lamb, Jason Keppler, Cathleen J. Hapeman, Michael Cosh, Steven B. Mirsky
2025, Journal of Environmental Quality (54) 1548-1571
The use of winter cover crops and conservation tillage are agricultural practices promoted to reduce nutrient and sediment loss from cropland, improve soil health, increase infiltration, and support farm nutrient cycling and ecosystem services. However, environmental performance of these practices is variable in the working farm landscape. The Lower Chesapeake...
Refinements to the attenuated propagation of local earthquake shaking (APPLES) ground-motion-based earthquake early warning algorithm
Jessie K. Saunders, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Julian J. Bunn
2025, Geophysical Journal International (244)
We refined the Attenuated ProPagation of Local Earthquake Shaking (APPLES) ground-motion-based earthquake early warning (EEW) approach, and directly compare APPLES performance with that of the source-characterization-based U.S. ShakeAlert EEW system for a suite of historical earthquakes in the U.S. West Coast and Japan. APPLES is an extension...
Expression and mechanisms of behavioral plasticity in large mammals
Rebecca R. Thomas-Kuzilik, Justine A. Becker, Jeffrey L. Beck, Justin G. Clapp, Alyson B. Courtemanch, Gary L. Fralick, Chris Geremia, L. Embere Hall, Matthew J. Kauffman, Blake Lowrey, Matthew C. Metz, Hollie M. Miyasaki, Kevin L. Monteith, Anna C. Ortega, Hall Sawyer, Douglas W. Smith, Erin E. Stahler, Daniel R. Stahler, Tana L. Verzuh, Jerod A. Merkle
2025, Ecosphere (16)
Behavioral plasticity, the alteration of behavior in response to stimuli, is becoming increasingly important in the context of human-induced rapid environmental change. Theoretical and empirical studies suggest that the expression and magnitude of behavioral plasticity are likely facilitated or constrained primarily by two factors: environmental variation and endogenous traits such...
GlASS - Global Aggregation of Stream Silica
Kathi Jo Jankowski, Keira Johnson, Nicholas Lyon, Sidney A. Bush, Paul Julian, Lienne R. Sethna, Diane M. McKnight, William H. McDowell, Adam S. Wymore, Pirkko Kortelainen, Hjalmar Laudon, Ruth C. Heindel, Amanda Poste, Arial J. Shogren, Fred Worrall, Luke Mosley, Pamela L. Sullivan, Joanna C. Carey
2025, Scientific Data (12)
Riverine silicon (Si) plays a vital role in governing primary production, water quality, and carbon cycling. Climate and land cover change have altered how dissolved Si (DSi) is processed on land, transported to rivers, and cycled through aquatic ecosystems. The Global Aggregation of Stream Silica (GlASS) database was constructed to...
Red spruce forest stand structure and Virginia northern flying squirrel habitat suitability
Tanner R. Humbert, Abigail W. McKellips, David R. Carter, P. Corey Green, Jesse L. De La Cruz, Corinne A. Diggins, W. Mark Ford
2025, International Journal of Forestry Research (2025)
The Virginia northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus; VNFS) is a rare, Pleistocene-relict, disjunct subspecies of the northern flying squirrel. The squirrel occurs only in high-elevation red spruce (Picea rubens) forests of the central Appalachian Mountains of Virginia and West Virginia—a forest type that was substantially reduced by exploitative logging...
Quantifying benthic flux of Mysis biomass through diel vertical migration at the ecosystem scale
Brian O’Malley, Georgia Wende Hoffman, Rosaura J. Chapina, Jason D. Stockwell, Collin J. Farrell
2025, Ecosystems (28)
Mysis diluviana is a macroinvertebrate that couples benthic and pelagic habitats on a daily timescale through diel vertical migration (DVM). However, quantifying how much Mysis biomass is exchanged between benthic and pelagic habitats at an ecosystem scale is difficult because of sampling limitations and variability in Mysis DVM behavior related to light and depth. Although Mysis are...
Museum records provide unique information about the distribution of the Yellow Lampmussel Lampsilis cariosa (Unionidae)
Jillian Fedarick, Christina Amy Murphy, Sydne Record, Allison H. Roy
2025, Freshwater Science (44) 434-442
Natural history museum records may provide unique information on the distribution of species that can supplement survey data collected by resource managers. However, there can be challenges to using museum data for analyses, such as spurious geographic information, misidentifications, and incorrect labeling. Museum records have been centralized...
Variation in detection distance of Eastern Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis) vocalizations by autonomous recording units
Blake D. Lamb, Heather E. Levy, Elizabeth A. Beilke, Chelsea S. Kross, Peter J. Kappes, Matt J. Sukiennik, James A. Cox, Jennifer K. Wilson, Jarrett O. Woodrow, Matthew J. Butler, Theodore J. Zenzal Jr., Auriel M.V. Fournier, Mark S. Woodrey
2025, Waterbirds (48) 1-12
Autonomous recording units (ARUs) are an emerging technology that allows for passive monitoring of soniferous animals and soundscapes. Over the past decade, ARUs have become a popular tool for monitoring birds for their potential to reduce the labor and costs of traditional in-person sampling procedures. However, uncertainty surrounding factors affecting...
Beyond habitat: Memory versus environment in shaping animal space use
Tana L. Verzuh, Kevin L. Monteith, Tayler N. LaSharr, Cody F. Wallace, Rachel A. Smiley, Brittany L. Wagler, Chris Geremia, Katey S. Huggler, Hall Sawyer, Matthew J. Kauffman, Jerod A. Merkle
2025, Ecology Letters (28)
For nearly half a century, ecologists have sought to explain animal space use through characteristics of the environment (i.e., habitat). Recent evidence suggests animals also use memory of previous experiences to decide when and where to move. Yet, the relative influence of the two in explaining animal...
Summer roost site suitability analyses for 4 special status bat species in the Eastern United States
Richard D. Inman, Andrea Nichole Schuhmann, Sarah Sawyer, Sarah Mccrimmon Gaulke, Frank Charles Tousley, Helen Trice Davis, Bradley James Udell, Bethany R. Straw, Jonathan D. Reichard, Brian E. Reichert
2025, Journal of Mammalogy (106) 1399-1411
Data describing habitat suitability are crucial for implementing effective conservation planning but are often lacking at regional and continental scales. We address this gap for 4 bat species that are listed, proposed for listing, or under Endangered Species Act listing review by highlighting a framework for estimating summer roost suitability...
Evaluating effectiveness of flocculation and wave-reduction barriers for restoration of a turbid, terminal lake
Cassandra Smith, Randy Joe Brannan
2025, Wetlands Ecology and Management (33)
Malheur Lake is a freshwater, shallow lake that provides key habitat for birds along the Pacific Flyway in North America. The lake shifted to a turbid state in the 1990s with suspended-sediment concentrations sometimes exceeding 1000 mg/L and minimal light available in the water column for submerged aquatic vegetation. Resource...
Non-native prey availability and over-compensatory density dependence drive population dynamics of a native fish predator
Madaline Cochrane, Timothy Cline, Travis S. Schmidt, James Dunnigan, Will Warnock, Clint C. Muhlfeld
2025, Ecological Applications (35)
Understanding the factors that regulate population dynamics is crucial for conserving imperiled species. Bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), a piscivorous salmonid and one of North America's most threatened cold-water species, has declined significantly due to habitat loss, overfishing, invasive species, and climate change. While recovery efforts have primarily targeted these threats,...
The abiotic background as a central component of a Sample Safety Assessment Protocol for Mars Sample Return
Bronwyn L. Teece, David W. Beaty, Heather V. Graham, Gerald McDonnell, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Sandra M. Siljeström, Andrew Steele, SSAP Tiger Team, Rachel Mackelprang, Brooke M. Ahern, Nicolle Baird, Noel Cressie, Richard Davis, Katherine L. French, Mihaela Glamoclija, Kimberly B. Hummel, Lisa E. Mayhew, John McQuiston, William Page, Neil Pearce, Aaron B. Regberg, David A. Relman, Mark Sephton, Timothy B. Shirey, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Mary Beth Wilhelm
2025, Astrobiology (25) 671-693
Martian rock and regolith samples are being collected and cached by NASA’s Perseverance rover, with the goal of returning them to Earth as soon as the mid-2030s. Upon return, samples would be housed in a sample receiving facility under biological containment to prevent exposing Earth’s biosphere to...
Sapsucker wells as a keystone nutritional resource: Evaluating methods for detection of secondary sap consumers
Richard Clawges, Shannon Blair, Jan H. Eitel, Leona Kay Svancara, Lee A. Vierling, Kerri Vierling
2025, Ecology and Evolution (15)
North American sapsuckers are considered double keystone species because they (1) excavate nest cavities that are used by other birds, small mammals, and invertebrates, and (2) create and maintain sap wells, a temporary nutritional resource available to a variety of secondary consumers. Most previous reports of secondary sap consumption relied...
Initial responses of songbird communities to forest reclamation on legacy surface mines
Rebecca N. Davenport, Christopher D. Barton, John J. Cox, Jacquelyn C. Guzy, Lauren Sherman, Jeffery L. Larkin, Todd Fearer, Steven J. Price
2025, Ecosphere (16)
Surface coal mining and subsequent reclamation efforts in the Appalachian Mountains, USA, transform the ecological characteristics of natural landscapes. The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA) is a mine reclamation method that emphasizes best management practices in forestry. FRA practices have demonstrated success in establishing native forests and accelerating natural succession on...
Confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM)-based thermal maturity of Tasmanites and progress in standardization of fluorescence microspectrometry
Jolanta Kus, Paul C. Hackley
2025, International Journal of Coal Geology (310)
Evaluation of thermal maturity in vitrinite-free or vitrinite-deficient sediments via fluorescence microspectrometry can provide relevant information related to petroleum exploration and thermal history assessment. However, variation in spectral fluorescence properties of alginite macerals with increasing thermal maturity is largely underexplored. Here, authors of this study have applied confocal laser-scanning microscopy...
Genetic and environmental factors associated with survival of a rare songbird in a fragmented urban landscape
Amy G. Vandergast, Anna Mitelberg, Barbara E. Kus, Kristine L. Preston, Suellen Lynn, Alexandra Houston, Robert C. Klinger
2025, Conservation Science and Practice (7)
The coastal Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) persists in small and fragmented populations throughout southern California that are subject to genetic drift and inbreeding. We combined individual banding and resighting data and genotyped individuals at 22 microsatellite loci to assess whether heterozygosity was associated with survival across three...
Sea-level driven isolation of glacial plant refugia revealed by submerged lake sediment from the Bering Land Bridge and St. Matthew Island
Miriam C. Jones, Lesleigh Anderson, Beth Elaine Caissie, David J. Harning, Thomas A. Ager
2025, Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research (57)
Bering Land Bridge (BLB) climate and vegetation during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) remains largely understudied, given challenges associated with collecting records from the submerged BLB. Previous records, confined to the margins of the modern land area and adjacent shelf, reveal conflicting interpretations of Beringian vegetation during...
Mapping a Carrington storm
Jeffrey J. Love, Greg M. Lucas, Anna Kelbert, E. Joshua Rigler, Paul A. Bedrosian, Neesha R. Schnepf
2025, Geophysical Research Letters (52)
A map is presented of median 1-min-resolution peak geoelectric-field strength across the United States as would be induced by magnetic storms as intense as the 2 September 1859 Carrington storm. The map is constructed from two data sets: Magnetometer time series from 22 ground-based observatories recording 40 magnetic storms, and...
Near real-time indicators of burn severity in the western U.S. from active fire tracking
Elijah Orland, Tempest McCabe, Yang Chen, Rebecca C. Scholten, Zeb Becker, Rachel A. Loehman, James T. Randerson, Shane R. Coffield, Tianjia Liu, Alexey N. Shiklomanov, Kurtis Nelson, Birgit Peterson, Melanie B. Follette-Cook, Douglas C. Morton
2025, Fire Ecology (21)
BackgroundTimely information on wildfire burn severity is critical to assess and mitigate potential post-fire impacts on soils, vegetation, and hillslope stability. Tracking individual fire spread and intensity using satellite active fire data provides a pathway to near real-time (NRT) information. Here, we generated a large database (n = 2177) of wildfire events...
Host responses and viral traits interact to shape the impacts of climate warming on highly pathogenic avian influenza in migratory waterfowl
Claire Stewart Teitelbaum, Michael L. Casazza, Cory T. Overton, Elliott Matchett, Diann J. Prosser
2025, PLOS Computational Biology. (21)
Emerging infectious diseases pose threats to wildlife populations, as exemplified by recent outbreaks of avian influenza viruses in wild birds. Climate change can affect infection dynamics in wildlife through direct effects on pathogens (e.g., environmental decay rates) and changes to host ecology, including shifting migration patterns. Here, we adapt an...
