Characterizing physical properties of streambed interface sediments using in situ complex electrical conductivity measurements
Cheng-Hui Wang, Martin A. Briggs, Frederick Day-Lewis, L. Slater
2021, Water Resources Research (57)
Streambed sediment physical properties such as surface area, are difficult to quantify in situ but exert a high‐level control on a wide range of biogeochemical processes and sorption of contaminants. We introduce the use of complex electrical conductivity (CC) methods (also known as spectral induced polarization (SIP))...
Tungsten skarn mineral resource assessment of the Great Basin region of western Nevada and eastern California
Graham W. Lederer, Federico Solano, Joshua Aaron Coyan, Kevin Denton, Kathryn E. Watts, Celestine N. Mercer, Damon Bickerstaff, Matthew Granitto
2021, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (223)
A new quantitative mineral resource assessment for tungsten, a critical mineral commodity with highly concentrated production and a moderate risk of global supply disruption, was conducted for the Great Basin region of western Nevada and eastern California. This assessment was part of a larger effort focusing on three regions in...
Upper Colorado River Basin 20th century droughts under 21st century warming: Plausible scenarios for the future
Connie A. Woodhouse, Rebecca M. Smith, Stephanie A. McAfee, Gregory T. Pederson, Gregory J. McCabe, W. Paul Miller, Adam Csank
2021, Climate Services (21)
This study builds on a collaboration with a water resource management community of practice in the Upper Colorado River Basin to develop scenarios of future drought and assess impacts on water supply reliability. Water managers are concerned with the impacts of warming on water year streamflow, but uncertainties in projections...
Evidence of post-breeding prospecting in a long-distance migrant.
Max Ciaglo, Ross Calhoun, Scott W Yanco, Michael B. Wunder, Craig A. Stricker, Brian D Linkhart
2021, Ecology and Evolution (11) 599-611
Organisms assess biotic and abiotic cues at multiple sites when deciding where to settle. However, due to temporal constraints on this prospecting, the suitability of available habitat may be difficult for an individual to assess when cues are most reliable, or at the time they are making settlement decisions....
Effects of postfire climate and seed availability on postfire conifer regeneration
Joseph A E Stewart, Phillip J. van Mantgem, Derek J N Young, Kristen L. Shive, Haiganoush K. Preisler, Adrian Das, Nathan L. Stephenson, Jon Keeley, Hugh D. Safford, Micah C. Wright, Kevin R Welch, James H. Thorne
2021, Ecological Applications (31)
Large, severe fires are becoming more frequent in many forest types across the western United States and have resulted in tree mortality across tens of thousands of hectares. Conifer regeneration in these areas is limited because seeds must travel long distances to reach the interior of...
Numerical simulations of the geospace response to the arrival of an idealized perfect interplanetary coronal mass ejection
Daniel T. Welling, Jeffrey J. Love, E. Joshua Rigler, Denny M. Oliveira, Colin M. Komar, Steven Morley
2021, Space Weather (19)
Previously, Tsurutani and Lakhina (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058825) created estimates for a “perfect” interplanetary coronal mass ejection and performed simple calculations for the response of geospace, including . In this study, these estimates are used to drive a coupled magnetohydrodynamic-ring current-ionosphere model of geospace to obtain more physically...
Revisiting California’s past great earthquakes and long-term earthquake rate
Susan E. Hough, Morgan T. Page, Leah Salditch, Molly M. Gallahue, Madeleine C. Lucas, James S. Neely, Seth Stein
2021, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (111) 356-370
In this study, we revisit the three largest historical earthquakes in California—the 1857 Fort Tejon, 1872 Owens Valley, and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes—to review their published moment magnitudes, and compare their estimated shaking distributions with predictions using modern ground‐motion models (GMMs) and ground‐motion intensity conversion equations. Currently accepted moment magnitude...
Modeling areal measures of campsite impacts on the Appalachian National Scenic Trail to enhance ecological sustainability
Johanna R. Arredondo, Jeffrey L. Marion, Fletcher P. Meadema, Jeremy F. Wimpey
2021, Journal of Environmental Management (279)
Campsite impacts in protected natural areas are most effectively minimized by a containment strategy that focuses use on a limited number of sustainable campsites that spatially concentrate camping activities. This research employs spatial autoregressive (SAR) modeling to evaluate the relative influence...
Limited mantle hydration by bending faults at the Middle America Trench
Nathaniel C. Miller, Danile Lizarralde, John A. Collins, Steven Holbrook, Harm van Avendonk
2021, Journal of Geophysical Research (25)
Seismic anisotropy measurements show that upper mantle hydration at the Middle America Trench (MAT) is limited to serpentinization and/or water in fault zones, rather than distributed uniformly. Subduction of hydrated oceanic lithosphere recycles water back into the deep mantle, drives arc volcanism, and affects seismicity at...
Performance of the ecosystem demography model (EDv2.2) in simulating gross primary production capacity and activity in a dryland study area
Hamid Dashti, Karun Pandit, Nancy F. Glenn, Douglas J. Shinneman, Gerald N. Flerchinger, Andrew A. Hudak, Marie Anne de Graaf, Alejandro N Flores, Susan L. Ustin, Nayani Ilangakoon, Aaron W. Fellows
2021, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (297)
Dryland ecosystems play an important role in the global carbon cycle, including regulating the inter-annual global carbon sink. Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are essential tools that can help us better understand carbon cycling in different ecosystems. Currently, there is limited knowledge of the performance of these models in drylands...
High elevation ice patch documents Holocene climate variability in the northern Rocky Mountains
Nathan J. Chellman, Gregory T. Pederson, Craig Lee, Dave McWethy, Kathryn Pusman, Jeffery R. Stone, Sabrina R. Brown, Joseph R. McConnell
2021, Quaternary Science Advances (3)
Paleoclimate records from ice cores generally are considered to be the most direct indicators of environmental change, but are rare from mid-latitude, continental regions such as the western United States. High-elevation ice patches are known to be important archaeological archives in alpine regions and potentially could provide records important for...
Spatial patterns and drivers of nonperennial flow regimes in the contiguous United States
John C. Hammond, Margaret Zimmer, Margaret Shanafield, Kendra E. Kaiser, Sarah E Godsey, Meryl C. Mims, Samuel Zipper, Ryan Burrow, Stephanie K. Kampf, Walter Dodds, C. Nathan Jones, Corey Krabbenhoft, Kate Boersma, Thibault Datry, Julian D. Olden, George H. Allen, Adam N. Price, Katie H. Costigan, Rebecca Hale, Adam S Ward, Daniel C. Allen
2021, Geophysical Research Letters (48)
Over half of global rivers and streams lack perennial flow, and understanding the distribution and drivers of their flow regimes is critical for understanding their hydrologic, biogeochemical, and ecological functions. We analyzed nonperennial flow regimes using 540 U.S. Geological Survey watersheds across the contiguous United States from 1979 to 2018....
The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Additional period and site class data
Allison M. Shumway, Mark D. Petersen, Peter M. Powers, Sanaz Rezaeian, Kenneth S. Rukstales, Brandon S. Clayton
2021, Earthquake Spectra (37) 1145-1161
As part of the update of the 2018 National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for the conterminous United States (CONUS), new ground motion and site effect models for the central and eastern United States were incorporated, as well as basin depths from local seismic velocity models in four western US (WUS)...
Pesticides and pesticide degradates in groundwater used for public supply across the United States: Occurrence and human-health context
Laura M. Bexfield, Kenneth Belitz, Bruce D. Lindsey, Patricia Toccalino, Lisa H. Nowell
2021, Environmental Science & Technology (55) 362-372
This is the first assessment of groundwater from public-supply wells across the United States to analyze for >100 pesticide degradates and to provide human-health context for degradates without benchmarks. Samples from 1204 wells in aquifers representing 70% of the volume pumped for drinking supply were analyzed for 109 pesticides (active...
Determination of four arsenic species in environmental water samples by liquid chromatography- inductively coupled plasma - tandem mass spectrometry
Sarah Stetson, Caitlyn Margaret Lawrence, Susan Melissa Whitcomb, Christopher J. Kanagy
2021, MethodsX (8)
Robust and sensitive methods for monitoring inorganic and organic As species As(III), As(V), dimethylarsinate (DMA), and monomethylarsonate (MMA) in environmental water are necessary to understand the toxicity and redox processes of As in a specific environment. The method is sufficiently sensitive and selective to ensure accurate and precise quantitation of...
Direct observation of the depth of active groundwater circulation in an alpine watershed
Andrew H. Manning, Lyndsay B. Ball, Richard B. Wanty, Kenneth H. Williams
2021, Water Resources Research (57)
The depth of active groundwater circulation is a fundamental control on stream flows and chemistry in mountain watersheds, yet it remains challenging to characterize and is rarely well constrained. We collected hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic head, temperature, chemical, noble gas, and 3H/3He groundwater age data from discrete levels in two boreholes 46...
Pervasive low-velocity layer atop the 410-km discontinuity beneath the northwest Pacific subduction zone: Implications for rheology and geodynamics
Guangjie Han, Juan Li, Guangrui Guo, Walter D. Mooney, Shun-Ichiro Karato, David A. Yuen
2021, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (554)
Regional triplication waveforms of five intermediate-depth events are modeled to simultaneously obtain the compressional (P) and shear (SH) wave velocity structure beneath northwestern Pacific subduction zone. Both the P- and SH-wave velocity models for three different sub-regions show a low-velocity layer (LVL) with a thickness of ∼55-80 km lying above the...
Permafrost promotes shallow groundwater flow and warmer headwater streams
Ylva Sjoberg, Adam K. Janke, S Painter, E. Coonradt, Michael P. Carey, Jonathan A. O’Donnell, Joshua C. Koch
2021, Water Resources Research (57)
The presence of permafrost influences the flow paths of water through Arctic landscapes and thereby has the potential to impact stream discharge and thermal regimes. Observations from eleven headwater streams in Alaska showed that July water temperatures were higher in catchments with more near‐surface permafrost. We apply a fully coupled...
Machine learning predictions of pH in the Glacial Aquifer System, Northern USA
Paul E. Stackelberg, Kenneth Belitz, Craig J. Brown, Melinda L. Erickson, Sarah M. Elliott, Leon J. Kauffman, Katherine Marie Ransom, James E. Reddy
2021, Groundwater (37) 531-543
A boosted regression tree model was developed to predict pH conditions in three dimensions throughout the glacial aquifer system of the contiguous United States using pH measurements in samples from 18,386 wells and predictor variables that represent aspects of the hydrogeologic setting. Model results indicate that the carbonate content of...
The impact of ventilation patterns on calcite dissolution rates within karst conduits
Matthew D. Covington, Katherine J. Knierim, Holly H Young, Josue Rodriguez, Hannah Gnoza
2021, Journal of Hydrology (593)
Erosion rates in streams vary dramatically over time, as differences in streamflow and sediment load enhance or inhibit erosion processes. Within cave streams, and other bedrock channels incising soluble rocks, changes in water chemistry are an important factor in determining how erosion rates will vary in both time and space....
Effect of temperature, nitrate concentration, pH and bicarbonate addition on biomass and lipid accumulation in the sporulating green alga PW95
Luisa Corredor, Elliott P. Barnhart, Albert E. Parker, Robin Gerlach, Matthew W. Fields
2021, Algal Research (53)
The mixed effects of temperature (20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C), nitrate concentration (0.5 mM and 2.0 mM), pH buffer, and bicarbonate addition (trigger) on biomass growth and lipid accumulation were investigated in the environmental alga PW95 during batch experiments in standardized growth medium. PW95...
Measuring, modelling and projecting coastal land subsidence
Manoochehr Shirzaei, Jeffery T. Freymueller, Torbjörn E Törnqvist, Devin Galloway, Tina Dura, Philip S. J. Minderhoud
2021, Nature Reviews Earth & Environment (2) 40-58
Coastal subsidence contributes to relative sea-level rise and exacerbates flooding hazards, with the at-risk population expected to triple by 2070. Natural processes of vertical land motion, such as tectonics, glacial isostatic adjustment and sediment compaction, as well as anthropogenic processes, such as fluid extraction, lead to...
Effective hydrological events in an evolving mid‐latitude mountain river system following cataclysmic disturbance—A saga of multiple influences
Jon J. Major, Kurt R. Spicer, Adam R. Mosbrucker
2021, Water Resources Research (57)
Cataclysmic eruption of Mount St. Helens (USA) in 1980 reset 30 km of upper North Fork Toutle River (NFTR) valley to a zero‐state fluvial condition. Consequently, a new channel system evolved. Initially, a range of streamflows eroded channels (tens of meters incision, hundreds of meters widening) and transported immense sediment...
Evaluating management options to reduce Lake Erie algal blooms using an ensemble of watershed models
Jay F. Martin, Margaret M Kalcic, Noel Aloysis, Anna Apostel, Michael Brooker, Grey R. Evenson, Jeffrey B Kast, Haley Kujawa, Asmita Murumkar, Richard Becker, Chelsie Boles, Remegio Confesor, Awoke T Dagnew, Tian Guo, Colleen M Long, Rebecca Logsdon Muenich, Donald Scavia, Todd Redder, Dale M. Robertson, Yu-Chen Wang
2021, Journal of Environmental Management (280)
Reducing harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie, situated between the United States and Canada, requires implementing best management practices to decrease nutrient loading from upstream sources. Bi-national water quality targets have been set for total and dissolved phosphorus loads, with the ultimate goal of...
Temporal and spatial variations in river specific conductivity: Implications for understanding sources of river water and hydrograph separations
Ian Cartwright, Matthew P. Miller
2021, Journal of Hydrology (593)
Specific conductivity (SC) is commonly used to estimate the proportion of baseflow (i.e., waters from within catchments such as groundwater, interflow, or bank return flows) contributing to rivers. Reach-scale SC comparisons are also useful for identifying where multiple water stores contribute to baseflow. Daily SC values of adjacent gauges in...
